Chapter 7A Comprehensive Exam Questions And Correct Answers Verified Solutions.

blueprint - correct answer Architectural drawings that describe the layout and construction of a house. Specifications - correct answer A document provided by Architects that describe the quality of construction. septic system - correct answer A small-scale sewage treatment system common in areas with no connection to main sewage pipes provided by local governments or private corporations. percolation rate - correct answer The rate, usually expressed as inches per hour or inches per day, at which water moves through soil. Slab-on-Grade Construction - correct answer A structure which does not include a basement. The first floor is made up of a concrete slab, which lays on the ground and supported by foundation walls. Crawl Space - correct answer Shallow space between the underside of the first floor of a house and the ground. Sill Plate - correct answer The bottom member of wood frame stud wall. beam - correct answer A horizontal structural member that supports a floor. Beams are typically wood, cold formed metal framing or steel. Joists - correct answer Horizontal timbers, beams or bars supporting a floor. Studs - correct answer Vertical framing members found in wall construction. Typically placed 12", 16" or 24" on center. girder - correct answer A primary horizontal structural element. Typically a deep beam in which smaller joists or beams frame into. Lally columns - correct answer Rounded columns that serve as a structural post. Typically found in basements and are made of steel or iron. Rafter - correct answer The structural member or beam that supports the roof. It spans from the exterior wall to the ridge board of the peak of the roof. pitch - correct answer Also known as the slope. Typically used in describing the slope of a roof, driveway, sidewalk, etc ridge beam - correct answer The top support beam between opposite slopes or sides of a roof. flashing - correct answer Sheet metal used at wall and roof junctions and around chimneys to prevent water entry. Sheathing - correct answer Panels that cover the exterior wall. Typically made of plywood or exterior grade gypsum board. Headers - correct answer Local horizontal structural elements used in wood framing to span doors and windows. R-value - correct answer A measurement of the ability of insulation to slow the transfer of heat or cold. The higher the R value, the greater the insulation power. Building evelope - correct answer Refers to the massing or bulk of a building. Typically defined by the exterior walls of a building Bearing walls - correct answer Structural walls that transfer building loads down to the foundation. Joists, beams, and roofs are typically supported by bearing walls. Soffit - correct answer The underside of a roof overhang. Eave - correct answer The section of the roof that overhangs the walls of a house. fascia - correct answer Architectural term for a band running horizontally and situated vertically under a roof edge, or which forms the outer surface of a cornice, visible to an observer. Typically consisting of a wooden board or sheet metal. footing - correct answer Concrete set in the soil (foundation bed) that support the foundation of the house. British Thermal Unit (BTU) - correct answer The amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree F. Volt - correct answer Unit of electric potential difference, or the size of the force that sends the electrons through a circuit. Ampere (amp) - correct answer Is the unit used to measure electrical current fuse - correct answer A device used in electrical systems to protect against excessive current. circuit breaker - correct answer The safety valves for electrical systems. It interrupts an electric circuit when an unusual condition arises such as lightning and malfunctioning appliances. Unlike a fuse, it can be reset. Escrow - correct answer A written agreement between two or more parties providing that certain instruments or property be placed with a third party to be delivered to a designated person upon the fulfillment or performance of some act or condition. Sliding - correct answer A veneer cover found on the side of residential construction. Typically made of wood boards ( horizontal), vinyl or aluminum Post and Beam Construction - correct answer A type of construction in which the beams and joists are larger, allowing the floor to span longer than the typical 16" or 24" found in residential construction. Platform Construction - correct answer Wood frame construction commonly found in residential construction in which floors are supported by joists, beams, and bearing walls. Plaster Board / Wall Board - correct answer Gypsum board panels that are typically used in interior wall construction. foundation wall - correct answer The part of the structure, typically below grade, upon which all other construction is built basement - correct answer One or more floors of a building that are either com