FUNDS Exam 1 Guide
NURSING PROCESS AND JUDGEMENT -
nursing - the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness
and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and
advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations
holistic care - care that promotes physical, emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual well-being
nursing process - five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing, diagnosing,
planning, implementing, and evaluating (ADPIE)
*nursing process is an ONGOING process
ADPIE - Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
assessment - the application of nursing knowledge to the collection, organization, validation, and
documentation of data about a client's heath status and needs; subjective and objective data
gathered here
recognize cues
analysis - the nurse identifies patterns or trends, compares he data with expected standards or
ranges, and draws conclusions to direct nursing care
analyze cues
, planning - nurse utilizes the client's assessment data to identify nursing interventions which will
achieve measurable client goals/outcomes; interventions are individualized!! and prioritized
prioritize hypotheses
implementation - performing nursing interventions to promote, maintain, or restore client health
take action
evaluation - assessment of a client's response to nursing interventions and determination if outcome
goals were met; should the POC be continued, discontinued, modified?
evaluate outcomes
clinical judgement - the observed outcome of critical thinking and decision making; the ability to
arrive at a decision
*clinical judgement comes from critical thinking*
primary data - information obtained directly from the patient
secondary data - information collected from family members, friends, other health care
professionals, or written sources such as medical records
subjective data - what the patient SAYS about themself during interview or health history; symptoms
objective data - what the nurse OBSERVES during the physical examination; signs
open-ended questions - questions that allow respondents to answer however they want; therapeutic
care
direct closed-ended questions - limit the patient's answers to one or two words; non-therapeutic
NURSING PROCESS AND JUDGEMENT -
nursing - the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness
and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and
advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations
holistic care - care that promotes physical, emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual well-being
nursing process - five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing, diagnosing,
planning, implementing, and evaluating (ADPIE)
*nursing process is an ONGOING process
ADPIE - Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
assessment - the application of nursing knowledge to the collection, organization, validation, and
documentation of data about a client's heath status and needs; subjective and objective data
gathered here
recognize cues
analysis - the nurse identifies patterns or trends, compares he data with expected standards or
ranges, and draws conclusions to direct nursing care
analyze cues
, planning - nurse utilizes the client's assessment data to identify nursing interventions which will
achieve measurable client goals/outcomes; interventions are individualized!! and prioritized
prioritize hypotheses
implementation - performing nursing interventions to promote, maintain, or restore client health
take action
evaluation - assessment of a client's response to nursing interventions and determination if outcome
goals were met; should the POC be continued, discontinued, modified?
evaluate outcomes
clinical judgement - the observed outcome of critical thinking and decision making; the ability to
arrive at a decision
*clinical judgement comes from critical thinking*
primary data - information obtained directly from the patient
secondary data - information collected from family members, friends, other health care
professionals, or written sources such as medical records
subjective data - what the patient SAYS about themself during interview or health history; symptoms
objective data - what the nurse OBSERVES during the physical examination; signs
open-ended questions - questions that allow respondents to answer however they want; therapeutic
care
direct closed-ended questions - limit the patient's answers to one or two words; non-therapeutic
