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ADJ 107 Midterm Study Guide_ Definitions and Concepts Questions and Answers

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ADJ 107 Midterm Study Guide_ Definitions and Concepts Questions and Answers

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79 Multiple choice questions

Definition 1 of 79
Currently close to 2.3 million people are behind bars in America.

Uniform Crime Report

Number of Individuals Behind Bars in America

Cycle of Violence

Influence of the Media on the Public

Definition 2 of 79
A regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood
or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action.

Hormones

Criminology

Chicago School

Just Desserts

Definition 3 of 79
According to this interpretation of critical criminology, the law and justice system serve the
powerful and rich, which enables the ruling class to impose their morality and standard norms
of behavior on the entire society.

Critical Criminologists Views on Racial Minorities

Indications of Social Disorganization


Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Instrumental Interpretation of Critical Criminology

,Definition 4 of 79
A type of family which involves husband and wives sharing similar positions of power at home
and in the workplace, daughters obtain more freedom, which is reflected in reduced parental
control and more female delinquency.

State Victims' Bill of Rights Characteristics


Status Frustration

Egalitarian Family


Victim Impact Statement

Definition 5 of 79
A set of interconnected statements or propositions that explain how two or more events or
factors are related to one another.

Just Desserts

Hormones

Theory

Ego

Definition 6 of 79
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) indicated the annual number of victimizations
in the United States is approximately 20 million.

Critical Criminologists Views on Racial Minorities

The NCVS annual number of victimizations in the United States


Super Ego

Methods Researchers Use to Measure Neurological Functions

,Definition 7 of 79
Currently, every state jurisdiction permits victims to make an impact statement before the
sentencing judge to show how the victimization affected their life.

Egalitarian Family


Conflict Perspective

Victim Impact Statement

Attachments

Definition 8 of 79
The classical criminology approach inspired penal codes around the world for more than 200
years.

Relationship with Poor Attachments to Parents

Examples of Technique of Neutralization

Percent of ADHD Participants More Likely to Commit a Crime than their Peers


The Classical School of Criminology Influence on Penal Codes

Definition 9 of 79
-Deny responsibility
-Deny injury
-Deny the victim
-Condemn condemners
-Appeal to higher loyalties

Relationship with Poor Attachments to Parents

Examples of Technique of Neutralization

Number of Individuals Behind Bars in America

Examples of Target-Hardening Techniques

, Definition 10 of 79
Due to public fear of crime, a movement formed which reviewed elements of free will and
harsh punishments the neoclassical school of thought emerged.

Conflict Perspective

State Victims' Bill of Rights Characteristics

Status Frustration

Get Tough Movement

Definition 11 of 79
A critique against the social bond theory is not all bonds are equal. In addition, social bonds
clearly change over time.


The theory does not address how changing bonds impact criminality.


Critics argue the social bond theory does not explain all modes of criminality.


The theory may explain delinquency, but how does the theory explain chronic adult offenders?
Finally, some criminologist believe the social bond theory is too simplistic and cannot explain
the wide range of criminality experienced throughout society

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Recidivism

Theory

Critiques of the Social Bond Theory

Definition 12 of 79
Have well- developed muscles and an athletic appearance. These individuals are active,
aggressive, sometimes violent, and the most likely to become criminals.

Status Frustration


Mesomorph

Percent of Teachers who Delivered a Lethal Shock in Milgram's Experiment

Percent of the General Public who were Victimized by Crime in their Lifespan

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