MCPHS A&P 1 - Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

MCPHS A&P 1 - Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions Anatomy - Answer️️ -Scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure Physiology - Answer️️ -Scientific investigation of the processes or functions of living things Systemic Anatomy - Answer️️ -Studied system by system Surface Anatomy - Answer️️ -External form and relation to deeper structures as x-ray in anatomic imaging Cytology - Answer️️ -Cellular anatomy Histology - Answer️️ -Study of tissues Microscopic anatomy - Answer️️ -Includes cytology and histology; structures that must be examined with a microscope Cell Physiology - Answer️️ -Exams processes in cells Systemic Physiology - Answer️️ -Functions of organ systems Nuerophysiology - Answer️️ -Focuses on the nervous system Cardiovascular Physiology - Answer️️ -The heart and blood vessels Pathology - Answer️️ -Structural and functional changes caused by disease Exercise Physiology - Answer️️ -Changes in structure and function caused by exercise Chemical Level - Answer️️ -Interaction of atoms Cell Level - Answer️️ -Structural and functional unit of living organisms ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Monday, September 2, 2024 12:59 PM Page | 2 Tissue Level - Answer️️ -Group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them Organ Level - Answer️️ -One or more tissues functioning together Organ System Level - Answer️️ -Group of organs functioning together Organism level - Answer️️ -Any Living Thing Structural and Functional Organization of the Human Body - Answer️️ -atoms -> molecules -> cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism Major Organs of the Body - Answer️️ -Brain, spinal cord, lung, heart, liver, spleen, pancreas, stomach, gallbladder, kidneys, small intestine, large intestine, urinary bladder Integumentary System Functions - Answer️️ -Provide protection, regulate temperature, prevents water loss, and helps produce vitamin D Integumentary System - Answer️️ -Consists of skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands Skeletal System Functions - Answer️️ -Provides protection and support, allows body movements, produces blood cells, and stores minerals and fats Skeletal System - Answer️️ -Consists of bones, associated cartilages, ligaments, and joints Muscular System Functions - Answer️️ -Produces body movements, maintains posture, and produces body heat Muscular System - Answer️️ -Consists of muscles attached to the skeleton by tendons Lymphatic System Functions - Answer️️ -Removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph, combats disease, maintains tissue fluid balance, and absorbs fats from the digestive tract ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Monday, September 2, 2024 12:59 PM Page | 3 Lymphatic System - Answer️️ -Consists of the lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphatic organs Respiratory System Functions - Answer️️ -Consists of the lungs and respiratory passages Respiratory System - Answer️️ -Consists of the lungs and respiratory passages Digestive System Functions - Answer️️ -Performs the mechanical and chemical processes of digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of wastes Digestive System - Answer️️ -Consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and accessory organ Nervous System Functions - Answer️️ -A major regulatory system that detects sensations and controls movements, physiological processes, and intellectual functions Nervous System - Answer️️ -Consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors Endocrine System Functions - Answer️️ -A major regulatory system that influences metabolism, growth, reproduction, and many other functions Endocrine System - Answer️️ -Consists of glands, such as the pituitary, that secrete hormones Cardiovascular System Functions - Answer️️ -Transports nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones throughout the body; plays a role in the immune response and regulation of body temperature Cardiovascular System - Answer️️ -Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Monday, September 2, 2024 12:59 PM Page | 4 Urinary System Functions - Answer️️ -Remove waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water Urinary System - Answer️️ -Consists of the kidneys, urinary bladder, and ducts that carry urine Female Reproductive System Functions - Answer️️ -Produces oocytes and is the site of fertilization and fetal development; produces milk for newborn; produces hormones that influence sexual function and behaviors Female Reproductive System - Answer️️ -Consists of ovaries, vagina, uterus, mammary glands, and associated structures Male Reproductive System Functions - Answer️️ -Produces and transfers sperm cells to the female and produces hormones that influence sexual functions