Pathophysiology Review
state of equilibrium of the internal environment - ANSWER homeostasis
the study of changes in bodily structure and function that occur as a result of disease - ANSWER
pathology
the cause of the disease or injury - ANSWER etiology
natural history and development of a disease
-how it got started - ANSWER pathogenesis
the manner in which the incorrect function is expressed - ANSWER pathophysiology
etiology is unknown
-do not know the cause - ANSWER idiopathic
disease is byproduct of medical diagnosis or treatment - ANSWER iatrogeneic
you acquire in a healthcare setting
ex: UTI, bed sores - ANSWER nosocomial
arises rapidly with obvious symptoms, lasts a SHORT time
-is usually treatable and curable
ex: ear infections, urinary tract - ANSWER acute disease
begins slowly with not obvious or hard to detect symptoms
-will last a LIFETIME and is difficult to cure
-ex: heart disease, diabetes - ANSWER chronic disease
genetic, environmental lifestyle factors
,ex: pollution, smoking, obesity, alcohol abuse, sun exposure - ANSWER predisposing factors
period where factors are causing disease, but is NOT showing any symptoms or signs
-patient is exposed to predisposing factors
aka incubation - ANSWER latent
after exposure
-minor/ nonspecific symptoms that are nonspecific before full onset of disease occurs
ex: migraine= sensitivity to light - ANSWER prodromal period
disease resolves or disappears with or without treatment
ex: MS - ANSWER remission
disease reappears after days, weeks or years
ex: cancer, ear infections - ANSWER recurrence
diseases causes other things to occur which are harmful to the patient
ex: diabetes can cause blindness - ANSWER sequelae
person having a disease or complications of a disease - ANSWER morbidity
people dying from a disease during a period of time - ANSWER mortality
things which increase a persons likelihood of getting a disease
ex: smoking, obesity - ANSWER risk factors
a name for cause of a patient's sign or symptoms
-determined by taking medical history, labs, imaging etc - ANSWER diagnosis
how long a disease will last
-probability of recovery, death of the disease - ANSWER prognosis
, something that a patient tells us that may only be evident to them
ex: diaherria, nausea - ANSWER symptoms
something that is noted by healthcare professionals on exam - ANSWER sign
Sick people correctly identified as sick
-A person with a diagnosed disease tests positive on a medical test for that disease - ANSWER True
positive
Healthy people incorrectly identified as sick.
-A person without a disease tests positive on a medical test for that disease. - ANSWER false positive
Healthy people correctly identified as healthy
-A person without a disease tests negative on a medical test for that disease - ANSWER true negative
Sick people incorrectly identified as healthy
-A person with a disease tests negative on a medical test for that disease - ANSWER false negative
ability of a test to be positive in the presence of disease
-identifies people with the disease
-high tests= truly positive - ANSWER sensitivity
ability of a test to be negative in the absence of a disease
-identifies people without the disease
-high tests= truly negative - ANSWER specificity
cellular damage that can be repaired and restored to normal function once the harmful stimulus is
removed
ex: sprained ankle - ANSWER reversible cell injury
changes that challenge the normal homeostasis - ANSWER stress
state of equilibrium of the internal environment - ANSWER homeostasis
the study of changes in bodily structure and function that occur as a result of disease - ANSWER
pathology
the cause of the disease or injury - ANSWER etiology
natural history and development of a disease
-how it got started - ANSWER pathogenesis
the manner in which the incorrect function is expressed - ANSWER pathophysiology
etiology is unknown
-do not know the cause - ANSWER idiopathic
disease is byproduct of medical diagnosis or treatment - ANSWER iatrogeneic
you acquire in a healthcare setting
ex: UTI, bed sores - ANSWER nosocomial
arises rapidly with obvious symptoms, lasts a SHORT time
-is usually treatable and curable
ex: ear infections, urinary tract - ANSWER acute disease
begins slowly with not obvious or hard to detect symptoms
-will last a LIFETIME and is difficult to cure
-ex: heart disease, diabetes - ANSWER chronic disease
genetic, environmental lifestyle factors
,ex: pollution, smoking, obesity, alcohol abuse, sun exposure - ANSWER predisposing factors
period where factors are causing disease, but is NOT showing any symptoms or signs
-patient is exposed to predisposing factors
aka incubation - ANSWER latent
after exposure
-minor/ nonspecific symptoms that are nonspecific before full onset of disease occurs
ex: migraine= sensitivity to light - ANSWER prodromal period
disease resolves or disappears with or without treatment
ex: MS - ANSWER remission
disease reappears after days, weeks or years
ex: cancer, ear infections - ANSWER recurrence
diseases causes other things to occur which are harmful to the patient
ex: diabetes can cause blindness - ANSWER sequelae
person having a disease or complications of a disease - ANSWER morbidity
people dying from a disease during a period of time - ANSWER mortality
things which increase a persons likelihood of getting a disease
ex: smoking, obesity - ANSWER risk factors
a name for cause of a patient's sign or symptoms
-determined by taking medical history, labs, imaging etc - ANSWER diagnosis
how long a disease will last
-probability of recovery, death of the disease - ANSWER prognosis
, something that a patient tells us that may only be evident to them
ex: diaherria, nausea - ANSWER symptoms
something that is noted by healthcare professionals on exam - ANSWER sign
Sick people correctly identified as sick
-A person with a diagnosed disease tests positive on a medical test for that disease - ANSWER True
positive
Healthy people incorrectly identified as sick.
-A person without a disease tests positive on a medical test for that disease. - ANSWER false positive
Healthy people correctly identified as healthy
-A person without a disease tests negative on a medical test for that disease - ANSWER true negative
Sick people incorrectly identified as healthy
-A person with a disease tests negative on a medical test for that disease - ANSWER false negative
ability of a test to be positive in the presence of disease
-identifies people with the disease
-high tests= truly positive - ANSWER sensitivity
ability of a test to be negative in the absence of a disease
-identifies people without the disease
-high tests= truly negative - ANSWER specificity
cellular damage that can be repaired and restored to normal function once the harmful stimulus is
removed
ex: sprained ankle - ANSWER reversible cell injury
changes that challenge the normal homeostasis - ANSWER stress
