HUN 1201 Exam 2: Digestion & Absorption Study Guide with Complete Solutions

HUN 1201 Exam 2: Digestion & Absorption Study Guide with Complete Solutions Digestion - Answer️️ -the process by which food is broken down into components small enough to be absorbed into the body Absorption - Answer️️ -the process of which nutrients are recovered from the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract into the interior of the body mechanical digestion - Answer️️ -mechanically breaking down food (chewing) chemical digestion - Answer️️ -any instance when an enzyme or other chemical is used to break down food. Gastrointestinal tract - Answer️️ -hollow tube 30 ft long from mouth to anus: oral cavity, esophagus, small intestine, and large intestine - to break down food and absorb the nutrients into blood Lumen - Answer️️ -the inside of the tube (GI tract) mucosal cells - Answer️️ -(mucosa) lines the lumen. it is a type of epithelial tissue that nutrients must pass before getting to blood. liver, gall bladder, pancreas - Answer️️ -other organs that play a role in digestion but are NOT actually part of the GI tract ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR 7:59 PM Page | 2 Oral cavity - Answer️️ -part of GI tract: consists of teeth, tongue, salivary glands, pharynx, and epiglottis salivary glands - Answer️️ -there are 3 of these found in the mouth. They are part of chemical digestion - they secrete saliva which contains amylase amylase - Answer️️ -it is the carb digestive enzyme which is found in saliva and breaks large starches down to dextrins (small starches) pharynx - Answer️️ -the oral cavity which swallows food that is mixed with saliva and it shares a passage way with the respiratory system. it branches into Trachea, and Esophagus esophagus - Answer️️ -a tube passing from the oral cavity to the stomach where no actual digestion occurs - it is just a passage way - and contains 2 muscles (upper sphincter, and lower sphincter) which have peristalsis. peristalsis - Answer️️ -muscular contractions in upper and lower sphincter muscles which move material through the GI tract upper sphincter - Answer️️ -esophageal muscle in the oral