Straighterline BIO 202 A&P2 - exam 11
Synovial joints (aka diarthrosis) - ANSWER: Freely movable joints that are separated
by the joint cavity
What is the composition of the joint capsule? - ANSWER: Dense irregular collagenous
CT
What lines the inside of the joint capsule? - ANSWER: Synovial Membrane (thin layer
of epithelial and connective tissue)
Synovial membrane secretes _________________ ____________________ -
ANSWER: synovial fluid
What is the function of synovial fluid? - ANSWER: Reduces friction and exchanging
oxygen, nutrients, and wastes with the cells of articular cartilage
Ligaments - ANSWER: * Hold together the bones in a synovial joint
* Cords of dense collagenous CT
What kind of ligaments are external to the joint capsule? - ANSWER: Extrinsic
ligaments
What kind of ligaments are embedded in the joint capsule? - ANSWER: Intrinsic
ligaments
What is another term for articular discs? - ANSWER: menisci
What are articular discs? - ANSWER: C-shaped fibrocartilage pads that improve the
fit of 2 bones to prevent dislocation
What are synovial joints surrounded by? - ANSWER: tendons
Tendons attach ___________ to _____________ - ANSWER: muscle to bone
What are the fluid filled sacs located between tendons and joints that reduce friction
called? - ANSWER: Bursae
What are the elongated bursae located in tendons with a great deal of friction
called? - ANSWER: Tendon sheaths
Nonaxial joints - ANSWER: do not move around an axis, the bones just glide past one
another
Uniaxial joints - ANSWER: allow motion around only one axis (elbow joint)
, Biaxial joints - ANSWER: allow movement in two planes around two axis of motion
(wrist joint)
Multiaxial joints - ANSWER: have the greatest range of motion and allow motion in
multiple planes around all 3 axes of motion (shoulder joint)
Plane (gliding) joint - ANSWER: Surfaces of the articulating bone are flat or nearly flat
Condyloid joint - ANSWER: one articulating bone surface is an oval, convex shape,
and the other has a similarly shaped depression
Saddle joint - ANSWER: saddle like surfaces on both articulating bones. one is
concave in one direction and the other is convexed in the other direction
Hinge joint - ANSWER: One surface of the bone is convexed and the surface of the
other bone is concaved
Pivot joint - ANSWER: Bone spins or rotates on a longitudinal axis
Ball and socket joint - ANSWER: one bone has a smooth sphere shape that fits into a
cup-like socket on the other bone
What ligament in the knee extends from the anterior tibial plateau to the posterior
part of the lateral femoral condyle - ANSWER: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
What ligament prevents hyperextension of the knee? - ANSWER: anterior cruciate
ligament (ACL)
What ligament extends from the posterior tibial plateau to the anterior part of the
medial femoral condyle - ANSWER: Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
What 2 ligaments cross and form an X shape together - ANSWER: Anterior cruciate
ligament (ACL) and Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
What ligament prevents posterior displacement of the tibia bone on the femur
bone? - ANSWER: Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
What ligament extends from the medial tibia bone to the medial femur bone -
ANSWER: Tibial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
what does MCL stand for? - ANSWER: medial collateral ligament
what is another name for the tibial collateral ligament - ANSWER: Medial Collateral
ligament (MCL)
which ligament resists stresses that pull the tibia bone medially on the femur bone -
ANSWER: Tibial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
Synovial joints (aka diarthrosis) - ANSWER: Freely movable joints that are separated
by the joint cavity
What is the composition of the joint capsule? - ANSWER: Dense irregular collagenous
CT
What lines the inside of the joint capsule? - ANSWER: Synovial Membrane (thin layer
of epithelial and connective tissue)
Synovial membrane secretes _________________ ____________________ -
ANSWER: synovial fluid
What is the function of synovial fluid? - ANSWER: Reduces friction and exchanging
oxygen, nutrients, and wastes with the cells of articular cartilage
Ligaments - ANSWER: * Hold together the bones in a synovial joint
* Cords of dense collagenous CT
What kind of ligaments are external to the joint capsule? - ANSWER: Extrinsic
ligaments
What kind of ligaments are embedded in the joint capsule? - ANSWER: Intrinsic
ligaments
What is another term for articular discs? - ANSWER: menisci
What are articular discs? - ANSWER: C-shaped fibrocartilage pads that improve the
fit of 2 bones to prevent dislocation
What are synovial joints surrounded by? - ANSWER: tendons
Tendons attach ___________ to _____________ - ANSWER: muscle to bone
What are the fluid filled sacs located between tendons and joints that reduce friction
called? - ANSWER: Bursae
What are the elongated bursae located in tendons with a great deal of friction
called? - ANSWER: Tendon sheaths
Nonaxial joints - ANSWER: do not move around an axis, the bones just glide past one
another
Uniaxial joints - ANSWER: allow motion around only one axis (elbow joint)
, Biaxial joints - ANSWER: allow movement in two planes around two axis of motion
(wrist joint)
Multiaxial joints - ANSWER: have the greatest range of motion and allow motion in
multiple planes around all 3 axes of motion (shoulder joint)
Plane (gliding) joint - ANSWER: Surfaces of the articulating bone are flat or nearly flat
Condyloid joint - ANSWER: one articulating bone surface is an oval, convex shape,
and the other has a similarly shaped depression
Saddle joint - ANSWER: saddle like surfaces on both articulating bones. one is
concave in one direction and the other is convexed in the other direction
Hinge joint - ANSWER: One surface of the bone is convexed and the surface of the
other bone is concaved
Pivot joint - ANSWER: Bone spins or rotates on a longitudinal axis
Ball and socket joint - ANSWER: one bone has a smooth sphere shape that fits into a
cup-like socket on the other bone
What ligament in the knee extends from the anterior tibial plateau to the posterior
part of the lateral femoral condyle - ANSWER: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
What ligament prevents hyperextension of the knee? - ANSWER: anterior cruciate
ligament (ACL)
What ligament extends from the posterior tibial plateau to the anterior part of the
medial femoral condyle - ANSWER: Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
What 2 ligaments cross and form an X shape together - ANSWER: Anterior cruciate
ligament (ACL) and Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
What ligament prevents posterior displacement of the tibia bone on the femur
bone? - ANSWER: Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
What ligament extends from the medial tibia bone to the medial femur bone -
ANSWER: Tibial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
what does MCL stand for? - ANSWER: medial collateral ligament
what is another name for the tibial collateral ligament - ANSWER: Medial Collateral
ligament (MCL)
which ligament resists stresses that pull the tibia bone medially on the femur bone -
ANSWER: Tibial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
