1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
UIOWA Microbiology Exam 1 Questions &
100% Correct Answers
Mitochondria similarity to prokaryotes (bacteria)
✓ ~~> Circular DNA and 70S ribosomes
70S ribosomes subunits are
✓ ~~> 50S and 30S
70S ribosomes found in
✓ ~~> Prokaryotes (bacteria & archaea) (and
mitochondria/chloroplasts)
80S ribosomes found in
✓ ~~> Eukaryotic cells (algae, fungi, protozoa, helminths and animals)
80S ribosomes subunits are
✓ ~~> 60S and 40S
Bacilli
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ ~~> Rod, gram positive, endospores, aerobic or facultative anaerobes
Cocci
✓ ~~> Round, gram positive or negative, anaerobic
LPS (lipopolysaccharide)
✓ ~~> Outer layer of gram negative bacteria (contains Lipid A
endotoxin)
Gram stain steps
✓ ~~> Stain with crystal violet, iodine in place, destain with alcohol,
counterstain with safranin
Two major sugars in peptidoglycan
✓ ~~> N-acetylglucoasmine (G) and N-acetylmuramic acid (M)
Bacteria able to resist osmotic pressure due to their
✓ ~~> cell wall
Enzyme functions
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ ~~> Accelerate, bring substrates together, make or break molecular
bonds (does not carry out a reaction that would otherwise not
happen)
Four divisions in cell wall structure
✓ ~~> Gracilicutes, firmicutes, tenericutes, mendosicutes
Gracilicutes
✓ ~~> Thin skinned gram negative cell walls
Firmicutes
✓ ~~> Thick gram positive cell walls
Tenericutes
✓ ~~> Soft, lack cell wall
Mendosicutes
✓ ~~> No peptidoglycan (murein) in cell walls (can stain both gram + & -
) (archaea)
Apoenzyme
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ ~~> Protein portion of enzyme
Coenzymes vs Cofactor (chemical difference)
✓ ~~> Coenzymes usually organic (cofactors usually metals)
Obligate intracellular parasite
✓ ~~> Can't live or reproduce outside host cell (viruses)
Oxidative phosphorylation location in prokaryotes
✓ ~~> Plasma membrane
Oxidative phosphorylation location in eukaryotes
✓ ~~> Inner mitochondrial membrane
Prokaryote cell types
✓ ~~> Bacteria and archaea
Eukaryotes cell types
✓ ~~> Fungi, protazoa, helminths animals, plants
Prokaryotes have no
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
UIOWA Microbiology Exam 1 Questions &
100% Correct Answers
Mitochondria similarity to prokaryotes (bacteria)
✓ ~~> Circular DNA and 70S ribosomes
70S ribosomes subunits are
✓ ~~> 50S and 30S
70S ribosomes found in
✓ ~~> Prokaryotes (bacteria & archaea) (and
mitochondria/chloroplasts)
80S ribosomes found in
✓ ~~> Eukaryotic cells (algae, fungi, protozoa, helminths and animals)
80S ribosomes subunits are
✓ ~~> 60S and 40S
Bacilli
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ ~~> Rod, gram positive, endospores, aerobic or facultative anaerobes
Cocci
✓ ~~> Round, gram positive or negative, anaerobic
LPS (lipopolysaccharide)
✓ ~~> Outer layer of gram negative bacteria (contains Lipid A
endotoxin)
Gram stain steps
✓ ~~> Stain with crystal violet, iodine in place, destain with alcohol,
counterstain with safranin
Two major sugars in peptidoglycan
✓ ~~> N-acetylglucoasmine (G) and N-acetylmuramic acid (M)
Bacteria able to resist osmotic pressure due to their
✓ ~~> cell wall
Enzyme functions
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ ~~> Accelerate, bring substrates together, make or break molecular
bonds (does not carry out a reaction that would otherwise not
happen)
Four divisions in cell wall structure
✓ ~~> Gracilicutes, firmicutes, tenericutes, mendosicutes
Gracilicutes
✓ ~~> Thin skinned gram negative cell walls
Firmicutes
✓ ~~> Thick gram positive cell walls
Tenericutes
✓ ~~> Soft, lack cell wall
Mendosicutes
✓ ~~> No peptidoglycan (murein) in cell walls (can stain both gram + & -
) (archaea)
Apoenzyme
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ ~~> Protein portion of enzyme
Coenzymes vs Cofactor (chemical difference)
✓ ~~> Coenzymes usually organic (cofactors usually metals)
Obligate intracellular parasite
✓ ~~> Can't live or reproduce outside host cell (viruses)
Oxidative phosphorylation location in prokaryotes
✓ ~~> Plasma membrane
Oxidative phosphorylation location in eukaryotes
✓ ~~> Inner mitochondrial membrane
Prokaryote cell types
✓ ~~> Bacteria and archaea
Eukaryotes cell types
✓ ~~> Fungi, protazoa, helminths animals, plants
Prokaryotes have no
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
