Biology Exam Preparation Summary 2 Klementa Abela
Different forms of life - Summary
King Philip Came Over For Good Soup
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic - Prokaryotes have no membrane bound organelles (eg. mitochondria)
Kingdoms - Bacteria, Fungi, Animals, Plants, Protists
VIRUSES
- Borderline between living and non-living
- parasites
1. Virus enters body
2. Virus invades cells
3. Virus forces cell to make copies of virus
4. Many copies are made and the cell bursts, freeing all the viruses.
5. Viruses go to infect more cells.
BACTERIA
- Reproduce by dividing into 2 - binary fission - asexual
- parasitic/saprophytic
- Different shapes
- Respire by diffusion
- Aerobic/Anaerobic
1
, Biology Exam Preparation Summary 2 Klementa Abela
PROTISTS
- Eukaryotic
- Plant-like = make their own food/Animal-like = feed on ready made food sources
AMOEBA
- Animal-like = heterotrophic
- Osmoregulation - the process of maintaining salt and water balance - contractile vacuole
- Aerobic
- Respire by diffusion O2 -> CO2
- To move, the endoplasm flows around inside the membrane and forms bulges called
pseudopodia
- Digestive enzymes to feed - engulfs food
- Reproduce by binary fission
EUGLENA
- Plant-like = autotrophic
- During light - feeds by photosynthesis (light sensitive swelling+red pigment spot guide
towards light)
- During dark - takes in soluble substances
- Osmoregulation - front end reservoir opens to contractile vacuole
- Reproduction - Divide in 2
- Gas exchange - O2 in CO2 out by diffusion
2
Different forms of life - Summary
King Philip Came Over For Good Soup
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic - Prokaryotes have no membrane bound organelles (eg. mitochondria)
Kingdoms - Bacteria, Fungi, Animals, Plants, Protists
VIRUSES
- Borderline between living and non-living
- parasites
1. Virus enters body
2. Virus invades cells
3. Virus forces cell to make copies of virus
4. Many copies are made and the cell bursts, freeing all the viruses.
5. Viruses go to infect more cells.
BACTERIA
- Reproduce by dividing into 2 - binary fission - asexual
- parasitic/saprophytic
- Different shapes
- Respire by diffusion
- Aerobic/Anaerobic
1
, Biology Exam Preparation Summary 2 Klementa Abela
PROTISTS
- Eukaryotic
- Plant-like = make their own food/Animal-like = feed on ready made food sources
AMOEBA
- Animal-like = heterotrophic
- Osmoregulation - the process of maintaining salt and water balance - contractile vacuole
- Aerobic
- Respire by diffusion O2 -> CO2
- To move, the endoplasm flows around inside the membrane and forms bulges called
pseudopodia
- Digestive enzymes to feed - engulfs food
- Reproduce by binary fission
EUGLENA
- Plant-like = autotrophic
- During light - feeds by photosynthesis (light sensitive swelling+red pigment spot guide
towards light)
- During dark - takes in soluble substances
- Osmoregulation - front end reservoir opens to contractile vacuole
- Reproduction - Divide in 2
- Gas exchange - O2 in CO2 out by diffusion
2
