SUPERSET QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Majorhcontributorshtohsocialhcontracththeoryh-hHobbes,hLocke,hReasseau
SocialhContracthTheoryh-
hWehneedhfood,hclothinghandhshelterhtohsurvivehandhnothinghshouldhinterferehwithhourhability
htohobtainhthem.hWehmayhalsohchoosehtohbelievehinhahgod.hThehbeliefhgiveshdefinitionhtohourh
existance.hThereforehithishimportanthwehdefinehourselveshashindividuals.
EnlightenmenthInfluencehonhConstitutionh-
hBillhofhRightshandhthehSecondhAmendment,hNinthhAmendment
BillhofhRightsh(Enlightenment)h-hThehfirstheighthBillhofhRights
DeclarationhofhIndependenceh(Enlightenment)h-
hpeoplehhavehrightshofhlife,hliberty,handhthehpursuithofhhappiness
ArticleshofhConfederationhweaknessesh-
hNohexecutive,hnohjudicial,hnohpowerhtohtax,hnohpowerhtohregulate htrade
ArticleshofhConfederationh-hStrengthsh-
hProvidedhdirectionhforhthehRevolution, hthehabilityhtohconducthdiplomacyhwithhEurope,handhd
ealhwithhterritorialhissueshandhNativehAmericanhrelations.
NewhJerseyhPlanh-
hThehproposalhaththehConstitutionalhConventionhthathcalledhforhequalhrepresentationhofheac
hhstatehinhCongresshregardlesshofhthehstate'shpopulation.
VirginiahPlanh-hProposalhtohcreatehahstronghnationalhgovernment
ConstitutionalhConventionh-
hAhmeetinghinhPhiladelphiahinh1787hthathproducedhahnewhconstitution
Three-Fifthshcompromiseh-hAgreemenththatheachhslavehcountedhashthree-
fifthshofhahpersonhinhdetermininghrepresentationhinhthehHousehforhrepresentationhandhtaxati
onhpurposesh(negatedhbyhtheh13thhamendment).hBicameralhcongress.
,CheckshandhBalancesh-
hAhsystemhthathallowsheachhbranchhofhgovernmenthtohlimiththehpowershofhthehotherhbranche
shinhorderhtohpreventhabusehofhpower
SeparationhofhPowersh-
hConstitutionalhdivisionhofhpowershamonghthehlegislative,hexecutive,handhjudicialhbranches,h
withhthehlegislativehbranchhmakinghlaw,hthehexecutivehapplyinghandhenforcinghthehlaw,handh
thehjudiciaryhinterpretinghthehlaw
Federalistsh-
hAhtermhusedhtohdescribehsupportershofhthehConstitutionhduringhratificationhdebateshinhstate
hlegislatures.
Anti-Federalistsh-
hOpponentshofhthehAmericanhConstitutionhaththehtimehwhenhthehstateshwerehcontemplatingh
itshadoption.
RatifyinghthehConstitutionh-
hArticlehVII,h9houthofh13hstateshhadhtohagree,hithwashratifiedhathstatehconventions
Federalisth#10h(factions)h-
hEliteshcanhneverhtakehoverhrulehofhthehgovernmenthduehtohtoohmanyhfactions.
Federalisth#51h(Madison)h-hSeparationhofhpowers,hcheckshandhbalances
SeparationshofhPowersh-
hThehdivisionhofhthehfederalhgovernmenthintohthreehbranchesheachhwithhitshownhpowers
GovernmenthBranchesh-
hThreehsectionshofhthehUShgovernment:hlegislative,hexecutive,handhjudicial.hEachhbranchhh
ashpowershthathrestricththehotherhbrancheshpowers.
Howharehlawshmadehandhenforcedhusinghthehseparationhofhpowersh-
hCongresshoriginateshlaws
Judicialhbranchhreviewshlawshforhconstitutionality
Executivehbranchhenforceshlaws
systemhofhcheckshandhbalancesh-
hConstitutionalhsystemhinhwhichheachhbranchhofhgovernmenthplaceshlimitshonhthehpowerhofh
otherhbranches
Severalhcheckshthehjudicialhbranchhhashonhthehlegislativehandhexecutivehbranchesh-
hExecutive:
, CanhoverturnhactionshofhthehpresidenthwithhjudicialhreviewhifhthehactionshviolatehthehConstit
utionh
Servehduringhgoodhbehaviorhtohmaintainhindependencehofhjudiciary
Legislative:
CanhoverturnhactshofhCongresshashunconstitutionalhifhtheyhviolatehthehlawh
Canhinfluencehlawshbyhinterpretationh
Servehduringhgoodhbehaviorhtohmaintainhindependencehofhjudiciary
Severalhcheckshthehlegislativehbranchhhashonhthehjudicialhandhexecutivehbranchesh-
hJudicial:
Senatehmusthapprovehjudgeshandhjusticesh
Controlshjurisdictionhofhthehcourtsh
DetermineshsizehofhSupremehCourth
HousehcanhimpeachhjudgeshandhSenatehcanhremovehthemhbyhtwo-thirdshvote
Executive:
Canhoverridehahpresidentialhvetohbyhahtwo-thirdshvotehinhbothhchambersh
Musthapprovehtreatieshbyhahtwo-thirdshvotehinhthehSenateh
Controlhofhfundinghactivitieshofhthehexecutivehbranchh
PresidentialhnomineeshmusthbehapprovedhbyhthehSenateh
OnlyhCongresshcanhdeclarehwarh
HousehcanhimpeachhthehpresidenthorhvicehpresidenthandhthehSenatehcanhremovehthemhbyh
ahtwo-thirdshvote
Severalhcheckshthehexecutivehbranchhhashonhthehlegislativehandhjudicialhbranchesh-
hLegislative:
Canhvetohlegislationh
Canhusehexecutivehagreementsh
Canhusehexecutivehordersh
Negotiateshtreatiesh(nothCongress)h
Judicial: