Introduction to Radiologic Technology 8th Edition By
Callaway (Test Bank)
What are the two components of the x-ray tube? - ANSWER Anode & Cathode
What is needed to create x-rays? - ANSWER 1. Source of electrons
2. Means to accelerate the electrons
3. Means to bring electrons to a sudden stop
Cathode has a filament which contains... - ANSWER A thermionic cloud of
electrons
When the filament is heated and electrons are emitted - ANSWER Thermionic
Emission
Law of Energy Conversion - ANSWER Energy cannot be created or destroyed,
ONLY converted from one type of energy to another
By product of x-ray tube energy conversion - ANSWER >99% heat
<1% x-radiation
2 primary advantages of digital imaging - ANSWER 1. Post-processing image
enhancement
2. Images are stored on computer
What's a further advantage of the post-processing image enhancement of digital
imaging - ANSWER May alter density of contrast of image after patient has had
exam
What's a further advantage of digital images being able to be stored on a computer?
- ANSWER Having the ability to transfer to multiple locations via network, email, or
CD/Rom
An imaging plate is coated with - ANSWER Photostimuable phosphor
Once the photostimuable phosphor of an imaging plate is struck with x-rays it
becomes - ANSWER Excited and remains so until processed
Once the IP is placed in reader (processor) it is scanned with a laser and... -
ANSWER 1. Releases the energized phosphor
2. Phosphor are converted to visible image by computer
3. Viewed on Hi-res monitor
When struck by x-ray Phosphor crystals do what - ANSWER Glow
1 x-ray photon= - ANSWER 1000's light photons
,Photon - ANSWER Value of electromagnetic radiation
Purpose of an intensifying screen - ANSWER Reduce patient exposure
Intensifying screen is coated with what emulsion on both sides - ANSWER Gelatin,
silver compounds, protective coating
Processed film = - ANSWER Permanent record and legal document
Spot film - ANSWER Still photo from fluoro
Computed tomography - ANSWER Provides cross sectional views of the body
Gantry - ANSWER X-ray tube and detectors on circular path in CT
MRI - ANSWER Exposed to a magnetic field and radio wave transmission
PET - ANSWER Positron Emission Tomography
What is injected into circulatory system for PET scan? - ANSWER
Radiopharmaceuticals
Radiopharmaceuticals - ANSWER Mimic the body's own components
PET scan is used to... - ANSWER Check function of body organ or system
In Nuclear medicine what are introduced? - ANSWER Radioisotopes are introduced
Radioisotopes in Nuclear Medicine attracted to - ANSWER Areas currently in
disease process
The radioisotopes of Nuclear Medicine Emit radiation that is - ANSWER Detected
Where is the C-arm used most? - ANSWER OR
When is shielding extremely important? - ANSWER When using the C-arm
Sonography - ANSWER Non-ionizing, high frequency sound waves
Doppler - ANSWER Sonography used to evaluate blood flow
PACS - ANSWER Picture Archiving & Communications System
Tomography - conventional - ANSWER Tube & receptor are set in motion going
different directions
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen - ANSWER German physicist credited with discovering
x-rays
November 8, 1895 - ANSWER Date that x-rays were discovered
, Benjamin Franklin - ANSWER Experimented with electricity- invented the lightening
rod
Michael Faraday - ANSWER Discovered the first method of generating electricity by
means of motion in a magnetic field
William Watson - ANSWER Demonstrated electric current
William Crookes - ANSWER English physicist, created a vacuum tube (glass tube
containing both positive and negative electrodes and induction coil)
Philipp Lenard - ANSWER German scientist, discovered the cathode ray
December 22, 1895 - ANSWER Date of first x-Ray on Roentgen's wife, Bertha's
hand (15 minute exposure)
Early uses of x-rays - ANSWER Entertainment, portrait studios, shoe fitting,
souvenirs, spirit world, hair removal, medical
Thomas Edison - ANSWER Developed the fluoroscope (vitascope) in 1896. Known
also for invention of the carbon telephone transmitter and the lightbulb
1896 - ANSWER Fluoroscopy was developed in what year?
Clarence Dally - ANSWER Assistant to Thomas Edison. First x-Ray fatality in the
U.S.
William H. Rollins - ANSWER Dentist from Boston known as the Father of
Radiation Protection. Designed, made, used, and published a description of an intra-
oral cassette and oral fluoroscope (1896). 1901 suggested leaded glasses, leased
box over X-ray tube, and covering all areas of body that were not be radiographed.
Created filtration and collimation.
Gustav Peter Bucky - ANSWER Physician who invented the 1st x-Ray grid (1913).
Reduced scatter radiation significantly
Hollis Elmer Potter - ANSWER 1915 began to develop grid further. Introduced a
method of moving the grid to avoid presence of shadows
William D. Coolidge - ANSWER 1913 invented the vacuum tube allowing for more
intense visualization of deep-seated anatomy and tumors
Radiation burns - ANSWER Damage to the skin or other tissues caused by
excessive or overexposure to radiation
Radiation infections - ANSWER An infection because of neutropenia/ weakened
immune system from radiation exposure
Callaway (Test Bank)
What are the two components of the x-ray tube? - ANSWER Anode & Cathode
What is needed to create x-rays? - ANSWER 1. Source of electrons
2. Means to accelerate the electrons
3. Means to bring electrons to a sudden stop
Cathode has a filament which contains... - ANSWER A thermionic cloud of
electrons
When the filament is heated and electrons are emitted - ANSWER Thermionic
Emission
Law of Energy Conversion - ANSWER Energy cannot be created or destroyed,
ONLY converted from one type of energy to another
By product of x-ray tube energy conversion - ANSWER >99% heat
<1% x-radiation
2 primary advantages of digital imaging - ANSWER 1. Post-processing image
enhancement
2. Images are stored on computer
What's a further advantage of the post-processing image enhancement of digital
imaging - ANSWER May alter density of contrast of image after patient has had
exam
What's a further advantage of digital images being able to be stored on a computer?
- ANSWER Having the ability to transfer to multiple locations via network, email, or
CD/Rom
An imaging plate is coated with - ANSWER Photostimuable phosphor
Once the photostimuable phosphor of an imaging plate is struck with x-rays it
becomes - ANSWER Excited and remains so until processed
Once the IP is placed in reader (processor) it is scanned with a laser and... -
ANSWER 1. Releases the energized phosphor
2. Phosphor are converted to visible image by computer
3. Viewed on Hi-res monitor
When struck by x-ray Phosphor crystals do what - ANSWER Glow
1 x-ray photon= - ANSWER 1000's light photons
,Photon - ANSWER Value of electromagnetic radiation
Purpose of an intensifying screen - ANSWER Reduce patient exposure
Intensifying screen is coated with what emulsion on both sides - ANSWER Gelatin,
silver compounds, protective coating
Processed film = - ANSWER Permanent record and legal document
Spot film - ANSWER Still photo from fluoro
Computed tomography - ANSWER Provides cross sectional views of the body
Gantry - ANSWER X-ray tube and detectors on circular path in CT
MRI - ANSWER Exposed to a magnetic field and radio wave transmission
PET - ANSWER Positron Emission Tomography
What is injected into circulatory system for PET scan? - ANSWER
Radiopharmaceuticals
Radiopharmaceuticals - ANSWER Mimic the body's own components
PET scan is used to... - ANSWER Check function of body organ or system
In Nuclear medicine what are introduced? - ANSWER Radioisotopes are introduced
Radioisotopes in Nuclear Medicine attracted to - ANSWER Areas currently in
disease process
The radioisotopes of Nuclear Medicine Emit radiation that is - ANSWER Detected
Where is the C-arm used most? - ANSWER OR
When is shielding extremely important? - ANSWER When using the C-arm
Sonography - ANSWER Non-ionizing, high frequency sound waves
Doppler - ANSWER Sonography used to evaluate blood flow
PACS - ANSWER Picture Archiving & Communications System
Tomography - conventional - ANSWER Tube & receptor are set in motion going
different directions
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen - ANSWER German physicist credited with discovering
x-rays
November 8, 1895 - ANSWER Date that x-rays were discovered
, Benjamin Franklin - ANSWER Experimented with electricity- invented the lightening
rod
Michael Faraday - ANSWER Discovered the first method of generating electricity by
means of motion in a magnetic field
William Watson - ANSWER Demonstrated electric current
William Crookes - ANSWER English physicist, created a vacuum tube (glass tube
containing both positive and negative electrodes and induction coil)
Philipp Lenard - ANSWER German scientist, discovered the cathode ray
December 22, 1895 - ANSWER Date of first x-Ray on Roentgen's wife, Bertha's
hand (15 minute exposure)
Early uses of x-rays - ANSWER Entertainment, portrait studios, shoe fitting,
souvenirs, spirit world, hair removal, medical
Thomas Edison - ANSWER Developed the fluoroscope (vitascope) in 1896. Known
also for invention of the carbon telephone transmitter and the lightbulb
1896 - ANSWER Fluoroscopy was developed in what year?
Clarence Dally - ANSWER Assistant to Thomas Edison. First x-Ray fatality in the
U.S.
William H. Rollins - ANSWER Dentist from Boston known as the Father of
Radiation Protection. Designed, made, used, and published a description of an intra-
oral cassette and oral fluoroscope (1896). 1901 suggested leaded glasses, leased
box over X-ray tube, and covering all areas of body that were not be radiographed.
Created filtration and collimation.
Gustav Peter Bucky - ANSWER Physician who invented the 1st x-Ray grid (1913).
Reduced scatter radiation significantly
Hollis Elmer Potter - ANSWER 1915 began to develop grid further. Introduced a
method of moving the grid to avoid presence of shadows
William D. Coolidge - ANSWER 1913 invented the vacuum tube allowing for more
intense visualization of deep-seated anatomy and tumors
Radiation burns - ANSWER Damage to the skin or other tissues caused by
excessive or overexposure to radiation
Radiation infections - ANSWER An infection because of neutropenia/ weakened
immune system from radiation exposure
