PSYC 1010 Final Exam 2024/2025 with
questions and correct answers
In Watson's classic studies with a baby, rats became conditioned stimuli for -
CORRECT ANSWER: fear
A psychologist wants to see how much caffeine benefits students who have not
slept well. She gives some students strong coffee and other students decaffeinated
coffee (but doesn't tell them which they get!). After a 5 minute break, she has them
take a short quiz. In terms of the study design, type of drink (caffeinated or non-
caffeinated) would be called the _________variable, and the students' quiz
performance would be called ________ variable. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Indepedent, Dependent
Some rats were given no food rewards in a maze during their first 10 times, but
after finding food on the 11th time, in their 12th time they were just as fast
reaching the food spot as were rats that had been rewarded at that spot every time.
Tolman called this evidence of __________? - CORRECT ANSWER: Latent
Learning
As outlined in your textbook and in lecture, there are three fundamental ideas
about our behavior and mental experiences--conceived before psychology was
recognized as a scientific discipline—that are still psychology's foundation. List
the three ideas in any order. - CORRECT ANSWER: Have physical causes and
can be studied scientifically, are modified by environmental experience, are
products of evolution by natural selection
Write your own illustration of negative reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER:
Danny took out the trash without being asked, so his dad let him skip doing the
dishes. (desired behavior results in removal of aversive stimulus)
,Descartes considered the soul's main function to be - CORRECT ANSWER:
thought
Why does classical conditioning make it dangerous for a drug addict to take their
drug in an unfamiliar environment? - CORRECT ANSWER: Because the body is
used to counteracting the effect of the drug based on stimulus in the environment
so if the drug addict ups the dosage without the body counteracting the drug then it
will overwhelm their body
Hobbes attributed conscious thought to the physical processes of the brain. His
general philosophy is known as - CORRECT ANSWER: Materialism
Which 17th century philosopher is known for conceptualizing a child's mind as
white paper (tabula rasa or blank slate) that is "furnished" solely by environmental
interaction? - CORRECT ANSWER: John Locke
_________ study designs allow you to make causal inferences - CORRECT
ANSWER: experimental
Religion does not fall within the realm of science because the hypotheses proposed
by religion are neither __________ nor ___________ - CORRECT ANSWER:
testable, falsifiable
WEIRD - CORRECT ANSWER: Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich,
Democratic
Biologists and psychologists who think in evolutionary terms find it useful to
distinguish between two kinds of explanations of behavior: _________ and
___________ - CORRECT ANSWER: distal and proximate
, A foolish biker riding down the street without a helmet crashes and suffers damage
to Broca's area. What deficit in function will he most likely have? - CORRECT
ANSWER: He will be unable to comprehend the elementary grammar of a
sentence
An experimenter runs a study similar to the one demonstrated in class to make a
rough estimate of neuronal speed of transmission. She has a group of 10 students
sit in a circle and squeeze each other's ankles in succession. She times how long it
takes for the squeezing "signal" to return to the starting participant. A second group
of 10 students does the same procedure, except they squeeze each other's
shoulders. What kind of research design is this? - CORRECT ANSWER:
Between-groups, experimental
What's the best "take-home message" from findings such as Clark's nutcrackers'
extraordinary ability to find seeds they have hidden in thousands of different sites
and Pacific salmons' ability to find their way home to their birth stream after years
in the ocean? - CORRECT ANSWER: Diverse innate specialized learning
abilities result from natural selection
If punishment is used to modify behavior, it needs which of the following
characteristics in order to be effective and avoid unintended negative
consequences: - CORRECT ANSWER: Come quickly and consistently after the
undesired behavior, and be aversive but not abusive.
We installed a standard "electric fence" for dogs (an invisible electric perimeter)
and fitted him with the special collar that beeps when he gets close to the perimeter
and shocks him if he crosses. We walked with him a few times to teach him the
contingency between the sound and getting shocked. It didn't take many trials to
stop his behavior of walking out of the yard!
What kind of conditioning is involved? - CORRECT ANSWER: operant,
classical
questions and correct answers
In Watson's classic studies with a baby, rats became conditioned stimuli for -
CORRECT ANSWER: fear
A psychologist wants to see how much caffeine benefits students who have not
slept well. She gives some students strong coffee and other students decaffeinated
coffee (but doesn't tell them which they get!). After a 5 minute break, she has them
take a short quiz. In terms of the study design, type of drink (caffeinated or non-
caffeinated) would be called the _________variable, and the students' quiz
performance would be called ________ variable. - CORRECT ANSWER:
Indepedent, Dependent
Some rats were given no food rewards in a maze during their first 10 times, but
after finding food on the 11th time, in their 12th time they were just as fast
reaching the food spot as were rats that had been rewarded at that spot every time.
Tolman called this evidence of __________? - CORRECT ANSWER: Latent
Learning
As outlined in your textbook and in lecture, there are three fundamental ideas
about our behavior and mental experiences--conceived before psychology was
recognized as a scientific discipline—that are still psychology's foundation. List
the three ideas in any order. - CORRECT ANSWER: Have physical causes and
can be studied scientifically, are modified by environmental experience, are
products of evolution by natural selection
Write your own illustration of negative reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER:
Danny took out the trash without being asked, so his dad let him skip doing the
dishes. (desired behavior results in removal of aversive stimulus)
,Descartes considered the soul's main function to be - CORRECT ANSWER:
thought
Why does classical conditioning make it dangerous for a drug addict to take their
drug in an unfamiliar environment? - CORRECT ANSWER: Because the body is
used to counteracting the effect of the drug based on stimulus in the environment
so if the drug addict ups the dosage without the body counteracting the drug then it
will overwhelm their body
Hobbes attributed conscious thought to the physical processes of the brain. His
general philosophy is known as - CORRECT ANSWER: Materialism
Which 17th century philosopher is known for conceptualizing a child's mind as
white paper (tabula rasa or blank slate) that is "furnished" solely by environmental
interaction? - CORRECT ANSWER: John Locke
_________ study designs allow you to make causal inferences - CORRECT
ANSWER: experimental
Religion does not fall within the realm of science because the hypotheses proposed
by religion are neither __________ nor ___________ - CORRECT ANSWER:
testable, falsifiable
WEIRD - CORRECT ANSWER: Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich,
Democratic
Biologists and psychologists who think in evolutionary terms find it useful to
distinguish between two kinds of explanations of behavior: _________ and
___________ - CORRECT ANSWER: distal and proximate
, A foolish biker riding down the street without a helmet crashes and suffers damage
to Broca's area. What deficit in function will he most likely have? - CORRECT
ANSWER: He will be unable to comprehend the elementary grammar of a
sentence
An experimenter runs a study similar to the one demonstrated in class to make a
rough estimate of neuronal speed of transmission. She has a group of 10 students
sit in a circle and squeeze each other's ankles in succession. She times how long it
takes for the squeezing "signal" to return to the starting participant. A second group
of 10 students does the same procedure, except they squeeze each other's
shoulders. What kind of research design is this? - CORRECT ANSWER:
Between-groups, experimental
What's the best "take-home message" from findings such as Clark's nutcrackers'
extraordinary ability to find seeds they have hidden in thousands of different sites
and Pacific salmons' ability to find their way home to their birth stream after years
in the ocean? - CORRECT ANSWER: Diverse innate specialized learning
abilities result from natural selection
If punishment is used to modify behavior, it needs which of the following
characteristics in order to be effective and avoid unintended negative
consequences: - CORRECT ANSWER: Come quickly and consistently after the
undesired behavior, and be aversive but not abusive.
We installed a standard "electric fence" for dogs (an invisible electric perimeter)
and fitted him with the special collar that beeps when he gets close to the perimeter
and shocks him if he crosses. We walked with him a few times to teach him the
contingency between the sound and getting shocked. It didn't take many trials to
stop his behavior of walking out of the yard!
What kind of conditioning is involved? - CORRECT ANSWER: operant,
classical
