Nur2474 Pharmacology Final Exam
Questions and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women - Answer: women take due to vaginal dryness, hot flashes,
painful sex, prevent bone loss when older
risks associated with hormonal replacement therapy - Answer: breast and cancer development, risk of
blood clots, bone loss, risk of fractures, cardiovascular disease
penicillin and aminoglycosides interaction - Answer: pencillin may react with aminoglycosides and cause
it to be less effective in treating infection. Do NOT combine these antibiotics in same IV solution
Side effects of steroids - Answer: SHORT TERM
o Insomnia
o Mood alterations or Psychosis
o GI upset
o Increased appetite/weight gain
o Fluid retention
o Hyperglycemia
o Hypokalemia
LONG TERM
o Hyperglycemia
o Osteoporosis
o Thin skin, easy bruising, poor wound healing
o Rare: HTN, PUD, AVN, Allergic reaction
o Adrenal suppression if > 4 courses/year
, TMP-SMZ - Answer: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
combination drug
-treat a variety of bacterial infections
-UTIs, ear infections, pneumonia
how to protect kidneys - Answer: drink lots of water
when to take diuretics - Answer: in the morning
Diuretics Side Effects - Answer: increased urination, dehydration, increased thirst, weakness, and
impotence.
Antacids - Answer: neutralize the acids in the stomach
affect acid level, have a lot of interaction so need to take a few hours apart from other meds
Cimetidine - Answer: type of antihistamine that blocks the release of stomach acid.
used to treat stomach or intestinal ulcers
can relieve ulcer pain and discomfort and heartburn from acid reflux
Naloxone (Narcan) - Answer: opiate antagonist (antidote), reverses opioid induced resiratory depression
Signs of overdose - Answer: Slow breathing, blue lips and finger tips, cold damp skin, shaking, vomiting
and gurgling noises
education with anti-effectives (antibiotic, antifungal) - Answer: make sure patient goes through whole
course of treatment, go beyond "feeling better", still continue taking at least a week to get it all out
Antibiotics and C. diff - Answer: c-diff often happens after another infection. New onset diarrhea.
what antibiotics can be given with CDIFF - Answer: vancomycin and metronidazole (flagyl)
Questions and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women - Answer: women take due to vaginal dryness, hot flashes,
painful sex, prevent bone loss when older
risks associated with hormonal replacement therapy - Answer: breast and cancer development, risk of
blood clots, bone loss, risk of fractures, cardiovascular disease
penicillin and aminoglycosides interaction - Answer: pencillin may react with aminoglycosides and cause
it to be less effective in treating infection. Do NOT combine these antibiotics in same IV solution
Side effects of steroids - Answer: SHORT TERM
o Insomnia
o Mood alterations or Psychosis
o GI upset
o Increased appetite/weight gain
o Fluid retention
o Hyperglycemia
o Hypokalemia
LONG TERM
o Hyperglycemia
o Osteoporosis
o Thin skin, easy bruising, poor wound healing
o Rare: HTN, PUD, AVN, Allergic reaction
o Adrenal suppression if > 4 courses/year
, TMP-SMZ - Answer: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
combination drug
-treat a variety of bacterial infections
-UTIs, ear infections, pneumonia
how to protect kidneys - Answer: drink lots of water
when to take diuretics - Answer: in the morning
Diuretics Side Effects - Answer: increased urination, dehydration, increased thirst, weakness, and
impotence.
Antacids - Answer: neutralize the acids in the stomach
affect acid level, have a lot of interaction so need to take a few hours apart from other meds
Cimetidine - Answer: type of antihistamine that blocks the release of stomach acid.
used to treat stomach or intestinal ulcers
can relieve ulcer pain and discomfort and heartburn from acid reflux
Naloxone (Narcan) - Answer: opiate antagonist (antidote), reverses opioid induced resiratory depression
Signs of overdose - Answer: Slow breathing, blue lips and finger tips, cold damp skin, shaking, vomiting
and gurgling noises
education with anti-effectives (antibiotic, antifungal) - Answer: make sure patient goes through whole
course of treatment, go beyond "feeling better", still continue taking at least a week to get it all out
Antibiotics and C. diff - Answer: c-diff often happens after another infection. New onset diarrhea.
what antibiotics can be given with CDIFF - Answer: vancomycin and metronidazole (flagyl)
