AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY UNIT #4 EXAM
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Annexation - Answer-the formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by
conquest or occupation
Allocational/resource boundary dispute - Answer-Dispute over location and resources
Antarctica - Answer-No one owns it
Antecedent boundary - Answer-a boundary that existed before the cultural landscape
emerged and stayed in place while people moved in to occupy the surrounding area...
Border landscape - Answer-There are two types, exclusionary and inclusionary.
Exclusionary is meant to keep people out, such as the border between the U.S. and
Mexico. Inclusionary is meant to facilitate trade and movement, such as the U.S.-
Canada border
Buffer state - Answer-a small neutral state between two rival powers
Capital - Answer-Principle city in a state or country. The best place to locate a capital is
at the center of a country, so it is a somewhat equal distance from all parts of the
country.
Centrifugal - Answer-tending to move away from a center
Centripetal - Answer-tending to move toward a center
City-state - Answer-a city with political and economic control over the surrounding
countryside
Clevage Model - Answer-A political-geographical model suggesting that persistent
regional patterns in voting behavior, sometimes leading to separatism, can usually be
explained in terms of tensions ptting urban against rural, core against periphery,
capitalists against workers, and power group against minority culture.
Colonialism - Answer-exploitation by a stronger country of weaker one
Compact state - Answer-a state that possesses a roughly circular, oval, or rectangular
territory in which the distance from the geometric center is relatively equal in all
directions
Confederation - Answer-the act of forming an alliance or confederation
, Conference of Berlin (1884) - Answer-Regulated trade and colonization in Africa. It
formalized the scramble to gain colonies in Africa and set up boundaries for each
country's colonies.
Core area - Answer-a region in the home range that is used frequently. Fruiting
trees,termite mounds, sleeping sites, water resources.,
Cultural/ethnographic political boundary - Answer-boundaries that mark breaks in the
human landscape based on differences in ethnicity
Decolonization - Answer-the action of changing from colonial to independent status
Definitional boundary dispute - Answer-Conflict over the language of the border
agreement in a treaty or boundary contract
Definition phase in boundary process - Answer-The phase in which the exact location of
a boundary is leagally described and negotiated
Delimitation phase in boundary creation - Answer-in which the exact location of a
boundary is legally described and negotiated
Demarcation phase in boundary process - Answer-Phase in which the boundary is
visibly marked on the landscape by a fence, line, sign, wall or other means
Devolution - Answer-the process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective
power or vitality or essential quality
Domino theory - Answer-the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist
control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control
Exclusive Economic Zone - Answer-enerally a state's EEZ extends to a distance of 200
nautical miles (370 km) out from its coast. The exception to this rule occurs when EEZs
would overlap; that is, state coastal baselines are less than 400 nautical miles apart.
When an overlap occurs, it is up to the states to delineate the actual boundary.[1]
Generally, any point within an overlapping area defaults to the most proximate state
Electoral geography - Answer-The study of the interactions among space, place and
region and the conduct and results of elections.
Elongated state - Answer-A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape.
Enclave - Answer-an enclosed territory that is culturally distinct from the foreign territory
that surrounds it
Ethnic conflict - Answer-type of conflict that occurs when different tribes are lumped
together to form a country
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Annexation - Answer-the formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by
conquest or occupation
Allocational/resource boundary dispute - Answer-Dispute over location and resources
Antarctica - Answer-No one owns it
Antecedent boundary - Answer-a boundary that existed before the cultural landscape
emerged and stayed in place while people moved in to occupy the surrounding area...
Border landscape - Answer-There are two types, exclusionary and inclusionary.
Exclusionary is meant to keep people out, such as the border between the U.S. and
Mexico. Inclusionary is meant to facilitate trade and movement, such as the U.S.-
Canada border
Buffer state - Answer-a small neutral state between two rival powers
Capital - Answer-Principle city in a state or country. The best place to locate a capital is
at the center of a country, so it is a somewhat equal distance from all parts of the
country.
Centrifugal - Answer-tending to move away from a center
Centripetal - Answer-tending to move toward a center
City-state - Answer-a city with political and economic control over the surrounding
countryside
Clevage Model - Answer-A political-geographical model suggesting that persistent
regional patterns in voting behavior, sometimes leading to separatism, can usually be
explained in terms of tensions ptting urban against rural, core against periphery,
capitalists against workers, and power group against minority culture.
Colonialism - Answer-exploitation by a stronger country of weaker one
Compact state - Answer-a state that possesses a roughly circular, oval, or rectangular
territory in which the distance from the geometric center is relatively equal in all
directions
Confederation - Answer-the act of forming an alliance or confederation
, Conference of Berlin (1884) - Answer-Regulated trade and colonization in Africa. It
formalized the scramble to gain colonies in Africa and set up boundaries for each
country's colonies.
Core area - Answer-a region in the home range that is used frequently. Fruiting
trees,termite mounds, sleeping sites, water resources.,
Cultural/ethnographic political boundary - Answer-boundaries that mark breaks in the
human landscape based on differences in ethnicity
Decolonization - Answer-the action of changing from colonial to independent status
Definitional boundary dispute - Answer-Conflict over the language of the border
agreement in a treaty or boundary contract
Definition phase in boundary process - Answer-The phase in which the exact location of
a boundary is leagally described and negotiated
Delimitation phase in boundary creation - Answer-in which the exact location of a
boundary is legally described and negotiated
Demarcation phase in boundary process - Answer-Phase in which the boundary is
visibly marked on the landscape by a fence, line, sign, wall or other means
Devolution - Answer-the process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective
power or vitality or essential quality
Domino theory - Answer-the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist
control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control
Exclusive Economic Zone - Answer-enerally a state's EEZ extends to a distance of 200
nautical miles (370 km) out from its coast. The exception to this rule occurs when EEZs
would overlap; that is, state coastal baselines are less than 400 nautical miles apart.
When an overlap occurs, it is up to the states to delineate the actual boundary.[1]
Generally, any point within an overlapping area defaults to the most proximate state
Electoral geography - Answer-The study of the interactions among space, place and
region and the conduct and results of elections.
Elongated state - Answer-A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape.
Enclave - Answer-an enclosed territory that is culturally distinct from the foreign territory
that surrounds it
Ethnic conflict - Answer-type of conflict that occurs when different tribes are lumped
together to form a country
