CMN 568-Unit 2: Questions With Complete Answers
Obstuctive sleep apnea is only diagnosed by? Right Ans - PSG or
polysomnogram aka sleep study
T/F: All children should be screened for snoring? Right Ans - True
T/F: The AASM criteria for OSA is the occurrence of more than one apenic or
hypopenic event per hour with duration of at least two respiratory cycles is
abnormal. Right Ans - True
A PSG is normally recommended if the child has what type of comorbidities?
Right Ans - Obesity, downs, craniofacial abnormalities, neuromuscular
disorders, sickle cell, or mucopolysaccharides.
A child without those comorbidities may be referred based on what? Right
Ans - If the tonsillar exam doesnt coordinate with the severity of sympotoms,
Can a child be referred for an adenotonsillectomy based solely on marked
enlarged tonsils with dysphagia or recurrent tonsillitis without sleep
symptoms? Right Ans - They sure can, scooter!
Does a child have to have a PSG before surgical intervention? Right Ans -
No! Usually no psg is needed in a healthy child if they have the following:
nightime symptoms, daytime symptoms, and enlarged tonsils.
Algorithm for evaluating snoring in a child.. Explain the steps. Right Ans -
(Yup I paid the upgrade fee to save typing!!)
What intervention is needed if a PSG is complete noting OSA but the child does
not have enlarged tonsils? Right Ans - Eval of complete airway by means of
awake flexible laryngoscopy.
A shift in tracheal positions can mean two significant things.. Right Ans -
Pneumothorax and significant atelectasis.
Indications for bronchoscopy are? Right Ans - Wheezing, suspected foreign
body, recurrent pneumonia, persistent atelectasis, chronic cough, and
hemoptysis.
, Indications for laryngoscopy are? Right Ans - Hoarseness, stridor,
symptoms of OSA, and laryngeal wheezing.
What type of flow rate does a nasal cannula deliver? %? Right Ans - 40-
45%, generally not over 3L/min
Partial rebreathers, nonrebreathers, head hoods can deliver what %? Right
Ans - Up to 90-100%
Who is highest risk for foreign body obstruction? Right Ans - Children 6
months to four years.
S/s of foreign body aspiration? Right Ans - Coughing, choking, wheezing.
Abrupt onset usually with hx of child running with small object in mouth or
food. Diagnosis includes acute onset with inability to vocalize or cough with
cyanosis or makes distress is complete obstruction. Partial is drooling, stridor,
and ability to vocalize. Bronch is gold standard for diagnosis!
Tx for airway obstruction? Right Ans - Complete requires immediate
intervention and partial can allow the child to cough. If under one and awake
with complete then five back blows then give chest thrusts until relieved.
Older than one gets the Heimlich being careful in little ones. Any child
unresponsive gets CPR and careful retrieval if item is easily visualized, no
finger sweeps.
Who is at risk for bacterial pneumonia in kids? Right Ans - Kids with
abnormal mucociliary clearance, immunocompromised, kids who aspirated
their own secretions, aspiration with eating, and malnourished kids.
What is the most prevalent bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia
in adults? Kids more susceptible to bacterial or viral? Right Ans - S
pneumoniae in adults. Kids more prone to viral causes.
Suggestive cxr findings to indicate possible bacterial vs viral CAP? Right
Ans - Air space disease or consolidation in a lobar distribution on cxr suggests
bacterial and interstitial or peri bronchial infiltrates suggest viral.
Obstuctive sleep apnea is only diagnosed by? Right Ans - PSG or
polysomnogram aka sleep study
T/F: All children should be screened for snoring? Right Ans - True
T/F: The AASM criteria for OSA is the occurrence of more than one apenic or
hypopenic event per hour with duration of at least two respiratory cycles is
abnormal. Right Ans - True
A PSG is normally recommended if the child has what type of comorbidities?
Right Ans - Obesity, downs, craniofacial abnormalities, neuromuscular
disorders, sickle cell, or mucopolysaccharides.
A child without those comorbidities may be referred based on what? Right
Ans - If the tonsillar exam doesnt coordinate with the severity of sympotoms,
Can a child be referred for an adenotonsillectomy based solely on marked
enlarged tonsils with dysphagia or recurrent tonsillitis without sleep
symptoms? Right Ans - They sure can, scooter!
Does a child have to have a PSG before surgical intervention? Right Ans -
No! Usually no psg is needed in a healthy child if they have the following:
nightime symptoms, daytime symptoms, and enlarged tonsils.
Algorithm for evaluating snoring in a child.. Explain the steps. Right Ans -
(Yup I paid the upgrade fee to save typing!!)
What intervention is needed if a PSG is complete noting OSA but the child does
not have enlarged tonsils? Right Ans - Eval of complete airway by means of
awake flexible laryngoscopy.
A shift in tracheal positions can mean two significant things.. Right Ans -
Pneumothorax and significant atelectasis.
Indications for bronchoscopy are? Right Ans - Wheezing, suspected foreign
body, recurrent pneumonia, persistent atelectasis, chronic cough, and
hemoptysis.
, Indications for laryngoscopy are? Right Ans - Hoarseness, stridor,
symptoms of OSA, and laryngeal wheezing.
What type of flow rate does a nasal cannula deliver? %? Right Ans - 40-
45%, generally not over 3L/min
Partial rebreathers, nonrebreathers, head hoods can deliver what %? Right
Ans - Up to 90-100%
Who is highest risk for foreign body obstruction? Right Ans - Children 6
months to four years.
S/s of foreign body aspiration? Right Ans - Coughing, choking, wheezing.
Abrupt onset usually with hx of child running with small object in mouth or
food. Diagnosis includes acute onset with inability to vocalize or cough with
cyanosis or makes distress is complete obstruction. Partial is drooling, stridor,
and ability to vocalize. Bronch is gold standard for diagnosis!
Tx for airway obstruction? Right Ans - Complete requires immediate
intervention and partial can allow the child to cough. If under one and awake
with complete then five back blows then give chest thrusts until relieved.
Older than one gets the Heimlich being careful in little ones. Any child
unresponsive gets CPR and careful retrieval if item is easily visualized, no
finger sweeps.
Who is at risk for bacterial pneumonia in kids? Right Ans - Kids with
abnormal mucociliary clearance, immunocompromised, kids who aspirated
their own secretions, aspiration with eating, and malnourished kids.
What is the most prevalent bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia
in adults? Kids more susceptible to bacterial or viral? Right Ans - S
pneumoniae in adults. Kids more prone to viral causes.
Suggestive cxr findings to indicate possible bacterial vs viral CAP? Right
Ans - Air space disease or consolidation in a lobar distribution on cxr suggests
bacterial and interstitial or peri bronchial infiltrates suggest viral.
