Peds exam 3 review questions and
Answers (Latest Update 2024)
A nurse is taking care of four different pediatric clients. Which
client poses the great risk for dehydration?
1. 15-year-old working out in a weight room for an hour
before football practice
2. 10-year-old playing baseball outdoors in 85 degree heat
3. 5-year-old refusing to eat because of a virus
4. A newborn under a radiant warmer for an hour after the
first bath - Correct Answer ✅Answer: 2
Rationale: A condition that increases the risk of insensible
fluid loss places the child at risk for dehydration. Any of these
situations can place the child at risk for dehydration but the
child at greatest risk is the child playing baseball in direct
heat, which will increase utilization of extracellular fluids
more rapidly than the other situations.
The nurse is assessing an infant brought to the clinic with
diarrhea. The infant is alert but has dry mucous membranes.
Which other sign indicates the infant is still in the early or
mild stage of dehydration?
1. Tachycardia
2. Bradycardia
,Peds exam 3 review questions and
Answers (Latest Update 2024)
3. Increased blood pressure
4. Decreased blood pressure - Correct Answer ✅Answer: 1
Rationale: Tachycardia is a sign that indicates mild
dehydration. Bradycardia and increased blood pressure are
not signs of dehydration. Decreased blood pressure is not a
sign of mild dehydration. Decreased blood pressure indicates
moderate to severe dehydration.
A 1-month-old client is admitted to the emergency room with
severe diarrhea. Which assessment suggests the client is
severely dehydrated?
1. Skin moist and flushed; mucous membranes dry
2. Low specific gravity of urine; skin color pale
3. Fontanels depressed; capillary refill greater than three
seconds
4. High specific gravity of urine; moist mucous membranes -
Correct Answer ✅Answer: 3
Rationale: Two signs of severe dehydration are depressed
fontanels and capillary refill time greater than three seconds.
Moist, flushed skin; moist mucous membranes; and low
specific gravity of urine are not signs of dehydration. Dry
,Peds exam 3 review questions and
Answers (Latest Update 2024)
mucous membranes and pale skin color are signs of mild
dehydration, not severe.
The nurse is expecting the admission of a child with severe
isotonic dehydration. Which intravenous fluid should the
nurse anticipate the practitioner to order initially to replace
fluids?
1. D5W
2. 0.9 percent Normal Saline (NS)
3. Albumin
4. D5 0.2 percent () Normal Saline - Correct Answer
✅Answer: 2
Rationale: 0.9 percent Normal Saline (NS) maintains Na and
chloride at present levels. D5W can lower sodium levels so
would not be used to initially replace fluids in severe isotonic
dehydration. Albumin is used to restore plasma proteins. D5
0.2 percent () Normal Saline would not be used initially but
later, as maintenance fluids.
, Peds exam 3 review questions and
Answers (Latest Update 2024)
Parents of an infant with slow weight gain ask the nurse if
they can feed their baby a highly concentrated formula.
Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1. A higher-concentrated formula could lead to dehydration
because of high sodium content; lets discuss other strategies.
2. An undiluted formula concentrate could be given to help
the child gain weight; lets look at brands.
3. Evaporated milk could be given to the infant instead of the
current formula youre using.
4. A higher-concentrated formula could be given for daytime
feedings; lets work on a schedule. - Correct Answer
✅Answer: 1
Rationale: Parents and caregivers of bottle-fed babies should
be taught never to give undiluted formula concentrate or
evaporated milk due to the high sodium content.
The nurse finishes a parent-teaching session on preventing
heat-related illnesses for children who exercise. Which
statement by a parent indicates understanding of preventive
techniques taught?
1. Hydration should occur at the end of an exercise session.
Answers (Latest Update 2024)
A nurse is taking care of four different pediatric clients. Which
client poses the great risk for dehydration?
1. 15-year-old working out in a weight room for an hour
before football practice
2. 10-year-old playing baseball outdoors in 85 degree heat
3. 5-year-old refusing to eat because of a virus
4. A newborn under a radiant warmer for an hour after the
first bath - Correct Answer ✅Answer: 2
Rationale: A condition that increases the risk of insensible
fluid loss places the child at risk for dehydration. Any of these
situations can place the child at risk for dehydration but the
child at greatest risk is the child playing baseball in direct
heat, which will increase utilization of extracellular fluids
more rapidly than the other situations.
The nurse is assessing an infant brought to the clinic with
diarrhea. The infant is alert but has dry mucous membranes.
Which other sign indicates the infant is still in the early or
mild stage of dehydration?
1. Tachycardia
2. Bradycardia
,Peds exam 3 review questions and
Answers (Latest Update 2024)
3. Increased blood pressure
4. Decreased blood pressure - Correct Answer ✅Answer: 1
Rationale: Tachycardia is a sign that indicates mild
dehydration. Bradycardia and increased blood pressure are
not signs of dehydration. Decreased blood pressure is not a
sign of mild dehydration. Decreased blood pressure indicates
moderate to severe dehydration.
A 1-month-old client is admitted to the emergency room with
severe diarrhea. Which assessment suggests the client is
severely dehydrated?
1. Skin moist and flushed; mucous membranes dry
2. Low specific gravity of urine; skin color pale
3. Fontanels depressed; capillary refill greater than three
seconds
4. High specific gravity of urine; moist mucous membranes -
Correct Answer ✅Answer: 3
Rationale: Two signs of severe dehydration are depressed
fontanels and capillary refill time greater than three seconds.
Moist, flushed skin; moist mucous membranes; and low
specific gravity of urine are not signs of dehydration. Dry
,Peds exam 3 review questions and
Answers (Latest Update 2024)
mucous membranes and pale skin color are signs of mild
dehydration, not severe.
The nurse is expecting the admission of a child with severe
isotonic dehydration. Which intravenous fluid should the
nurse anticipate the practitioner to order initially to replace
fluids?
1. D5W
2. 0.9 percent Normal Saline (NS)
3. Albumin
4. D5 0.2 percent () Normal Saline - Correct Answer
✅Answer: 2
Rationale: 0.9 percent Normal Saline (NS) maintains Na and
chloride at present levels. D5W can lower sodium levels so
would not be used to initially replace fluids in severe isotonic
dehydration. Albumin is used to restore plasma proteins. D5
0.2 percent () Normal Saline would not be used initially but
later, as maintenance fluids.
, Peds exam 3 review questions and
Answers (Latest Update 2024)
Parents of an infant with slow weight gain ask the nurse if
they can feed their baby a highly concentrated formula.
Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1. A higher-concentrated formula could lead to dehydration
because of high sodium content; lets discuss other strategies.
2. An undiluted formula concentrate could be given to help
the child gain weight; lets look at brands.
3. Evaporated milk could be given to the infant instead of the
current formula youre using.
4. A higher-concentrated formula could be given for daytime
feedings; lets work on a schedule. - Correct Answer
✅Answer: 1
Rationale: Parents and caregivers of bottle-fed babies should
be taught never to give undiluted formula concentrate or
evaporated milk due to the high sodium content.
The nurse finishes a parent-teaching session on preventing
heat-related illnesses for children who exercise. Which
statement by a parent indicates understanding of preventive
techniques taught?
1. Hydration should occur at the end of an exercise session.
