Chirality
Chiral molecule is (symmetrical / asymmetrical)
Chiral carbon must have
o ( / ) different (atoms / groups) attached
o (trigonal planar / trigonal pyramidal / tetrahedral) geometry
Draw an example
Enantiomers
Non-superimposable (non-mirror / mirror) images
Differ in (1 / all / almost all) chiral centers
Some examples are (R on one, S on the other / cis and trans)
Two ways to draw enantiomers are
o
o
Draw an example
Steps to determine R/S chirality from Line Angle
1. Find (chiral / achiral) carbons
2. Prioritize the four groups by (functional group / atom / type of bond)
a. The (biggest / smallest / heaviest / lightest) is #1
b. The (biggest / smallest / heaviest / lightest) is #4
c. If there’s a ________________ the atom is counted twice
d. If there’s a __________ move on to the next atom
3. Orient the molecule so the lowest priority group is in the ( front / back / side )
4. Make a circle from priority group # ( / 3) to priority group # ( / 3)
a. Clockwise = ( R / S )
b. Counterclockwise = ( R / S )
Chiral molecule is (symmetrical / asymmetrical)
Chiral carbon must have
o ( / ) different (atoms / groups) attached
o (trigonal planar / trigonal pyramidal / tetrahedral) geometry
Draw an example
Enantiomers
Non-superimposable (non-mirror / mirror) images
Differ in (1 / all / almost all) chiral centers
Some examples are (R on one, S on the other / cis and trans)
Two ways to draw enantiomers are
o
o
Draw an example
Steps to determine R/S chirality from Line Angle
1. Find (chiral / achiral) carbons
2. Prioritize the four groups by (functional group / atom / type of bond)
a. The (biggest / smallest / heaviest / lightest) is #1
b. The (biggest / smallest / heaviest / lightest) is #4
c. If there’s a ________________ the atom is counted twice
d. If there’s a __________ move on to the next atom
3. Orient the molecule so the lowest priority group is in the ( front / back / side )
4. Make a circle from priority group # ( / 3) to priority group # ( / 3)
a. Clockwise = ( R / S )
b. Counterclockwise = ( R / S )
