Final Exam:
NR565/ NR 565
Advanced
Pharmacology
A newly pregnant mother's understanding of hypothyroidism - ANSWER✅✅✅Increase
dose up to 50% starting in weeks 4-8, can cause neurophysiological damage A1c general
goal - ANSWER✅✅✅<7% Active immunity - ANSWER✅✅✅Immune system
produces antibodies in response to antigen or vaccine Anti-diarrheal associated with
gray/black stools and black tongue - ANSWER✅✅✅Pepto Bismol Anti-diarrheal
associated with gray/black stools and black tongue - ANSWER✅✅✅Pepto Bismol Anti-
diarrheal contraindicated in children with chickenpox - ANSWER✅✅✅Pepto Bismol
Anti-diarrheal contraindicated in children with chickenpox - ANSWER✅✅✅Pepto
Bismol Asthma and COPD management with - ANSWER✅✅✅SABA Attenuated
influenza vaccine recipients - ANSWER✅✅✅Individuals >2 yo and less than 50, non-
pregnant, and not immunocompromised Attenuated vaccine example -
ANSWER✅✅✅Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, varicella (chickenpox)
vaccine Benefits of LABA use - ANSWER✅✅✅Long-term control, fixed schedule
Benefits of SABA use - ANSWER✅✅✅Rescue medication for acute symptoms, not for
prolonged prophylaxis Biguanide mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Decrease
glucose production by the liver Black box warning for Reglan - ANSWER✅✅✅Tardive
Dyskinesia, discontinue at 12 weeks or if movement disorder develops Confirmation of
diabetes diagnosis - ANSWER✅✅✅Fasting plasma glucose ≥126, random plasma
glucose ≥200 plus symptoms, oral glucose tolerance test ≥200, hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5
Contraindication for DTaP or Tdap vaccine - ANSWER✅✅✅History of anaphylactic
reaction or encephalopathy within 7 days of vaccine Decongestant examples -
ANSWER✅✅✅Beclomethasone diproprante, budesonide, fluticasone, triamcinolone
Decongestant mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Shrink engorged mucous
membranes to decrease stuffiness Diabetic medications associated with hypoglycemia -
ANSWER✅✅✅Amylin Analogues, Insulin, Meglitinides, Sulfonylureas DPP-4i
mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Increase insulin production, inhibit glucagon
release DPP4-1 examples - ANSWER✅✅✅Sitagliptin, saxagliptin DPP4-1 mechanism
of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Enhance incretin activity, increase insulin release, reduce
glucagon release Drug class to consider prior to insulin for diabetes -
, Final Exam:
NR565/ NR 565
Advanced
Pharmacology
ANSWER✅✅✅Metformin Drug class with no significant interactions -
ANSWER✅✅✅Expectorants Drug interaction with canagliflozin - ANSWER✅✅✅UTI
and fungal infection, change medications Drug-resistant TB definition -
ANSWER✅✅✅MDR-TB: resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, XDR-TB: resistant to
isoniazid, rifampin, fluoroquinolones, and injectable second line drugs Expectorant
mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Encourage expectoration of excessive mucus in
the respiratory tract Fecal impaction - ANSWER✅✅✅Condition when psyllium doesn't
produce a bowel movement GERD treatment during pregnancy - ANSWER✅✅✅Avoid
misoprostol, sucralfate is safe GLP-1 examples - ANSWER✅✅✅Semaglutide,
exenatide GLP-1 mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Increase insulin production,
inhibit glucagon release, increase satiety H2 receptor antagonist with CYP450 interactions
- ANSWER✅✅✅Cimetidine H2 receptor antagonist with CYP450 interactions -
ANSWER✅✅✅Cimetidine H2 receptor antagonists contraindicated in older adults -
ANSWER✅✅✅Ranitidine and Cimetidine H2 receptor antagonists examples -
ANSWER✅✅✅Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine H2 receptor antagonists
examples - ANSWER✅✅✅Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine Hepatitis B
vaccine contraindications - ANSWER✅✅✅Prior anaphylactic reaction to baker yeasts
of Hep B itself Herd immunity - ANSWER✅✅✅Resistance to an infectious organism
due to a large group of immune individuals Hyperthyroidism labs -
ANSWER✅✅✅Decreased TSH, increased T3 & T4 Hypothyroidism labs -
ANSWER✅✅✅Increased TSH, decreased T3 & T4 IBS - ANSWER✅✅✅Diagnosis
and treatment aided by keeping a diary Inactive viral antigen vaccine example -
ANSWER✅✅✅Poliovirus vaccine, hepatitis A vaccine (HepA), influenza vaccine Insulin
action - ANSWER✅✅✅Regulation of glucose metabolism, promotes glucose and
amino acid uptake, synthesis of complex organic molecules Insulin dose calculation -
ANSWER✅✅✅Calculate TDD, mealtime carbs, ratio, insulin coverage Intermittent
asthma symptoms - ANSWER✅✅✅2 days/week or less, 2 times/month nighttime
awakening, SABA use 2 days/week or less Interval to recheck A1c - ANSWER✅✅✅2-4
times a year until A1c drops to 7%, then at least every 6 months Isoniazid use -
NR565/ NR 565
Advanced
Pharmacology
A newly pregnant mother's understanding of hypothyroidism - ANSWER✅✅✅Increase
dose up to 50% starting in weeks 4-8, can cause neurophysiological damage A1c general
goal - ANSWER✅✅✅<7% Active immunity - ANSWER✅✅✅Immune system
produces antibodies in response to antigen or vaccine Anti-diarrheal associated with
gray/black stools and black tongue - ANSWER✅✅✅Pepto Bismol Anti-diarrheal
associated with gray/black stools and black tongue - ANSWER✅✅✅Pepto Bismol Anti-
diarrheal contraindicated in children with chickenpox - ANSWER✅✅✅Pepto Bismol
Anti-diarrheal contraindicated in children with chickenpox - ANSWER✅✅✅Pepto
Bismol Asthma and COPD management with - ANSWER✅✅✅SABA Attenuated
influenza vaccine recipients - ANSWER✅✅✅Individuals >2 yo and less than 50, non-
pregnant, and not immunocompromised Attenuated vaccine example -
ANSWER✅✅✅Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, varicella (chickenpox)
vaccine Benefits of LABA use - ANSWER✅✅✅Long-term control, fixed schedule
Benefits of SABA use - ANSWER✅✅✅Rescue medication for acute symptoms, not for
prolonged prophylaxis Biguanide mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Decrease
glucose production by the liver Black box warning for Reglan - ANSWER✅✅✅Tardive
Dyskinesia, discontinue at 12 weeks or if movement disorder develops Confirmation of
diabetes diagnosis - ANSWER✅✅✅Fasting plasma glucose ≥126, random plasma
glucose ≥200 plus symptoms, oral glucose tolerance test ≥200, hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5
Contraindication for DTaP or Tdap vaccine - ANSWER✅✅✅History of anaphylactic
reaction or encephalopathy within 7 days of vaccine Decongestant examples -
ANSWER✅✅✅Beclomethasone diproprante, budesonide, fluticasone, triamcinolone
Decongestant mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Shrink engorged mucous
membranes to decrease stuffiness Diabetic medications associated with hypoglycemia -
ANSWER✅✅✅Amylin Analogues, Insulin, Meglitinides, Sulfonylureas DPP-4i
mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Increase insulin production, inhibit glucagon
release DPP4-1 examples - ANSWER✅✅✅Sitagliptin, saxagliptin DPP4-1 mechanism
of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Enhance incretin activity, increase insulin release, reduce
glucagon release Drug class to consider prior to insulin for diabetes -
, Final Exam:
NR565/ NR 565
Advanced
Pharmacology
ANSWER✅✅✅Metformin Drug class with no significant interactions -
ANSWER✅✅✅Expectorants Drug interaction with canagliflozin - ANSWER✅✅✅UTI
and fungal infection, change medications Drug-resistant TB definition -
ANSWER✅✅✅MDR-TB: resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, XDR-TB: resistant to
isoniazid, rifampin, fluoroquinolones, and injectable second line drugs Expectorant
mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Encourage expectoration of excessive mucus in
the respiratory tract Fecal impaction - ANSWER✅✅✅Condition when psyllium doesn't
produce a bowel movement GERD treatment during pregnancy - ANSWER✅✅✅Avoid
misoprostol, sucralfate is safe GLP-1 examples - ANSWER✅✅✅Semaglutide,
exenatide GLP-1 mechanism of action - ANSWER✅✅✅Increase insulin production,
inhibit glucagon release, increase satiety H2 receptor antagonist with CYP450 interactions
- ANSWER✅✅✅Cimetidine H2 receptor antagonist with CYP450 interactions -
ANSWER✅✅✅Cimetidine H2 receptor antagonists contraindicated in older adults -
ANSWER✅✅✅Ranitidine and Cimetidine H2 receptor antagonists examples -
ANSWER✅✅✅Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine H2 receptor antagonists
examples - ANSWER✅✅✅Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine Hepatitis B
vaccine contraindications - ANSWER✅✅✅Prior anaphylactic reaction to baker yeasts
of Hep B itself Herd immunity - ANSWER✅✅✅Resistance to an infectious organism
due to a large group of immune individuals Hyperthyroidism labs -
ANSWER✅✅✅Decreased TSH, increased T3 & T4 Hypothyroidism labs -
ANSWER✅✅✅Increased TSH, decreased T3 & T4 IBS - ANSWER✅✅✅Diagnosis
and treatment aided by keeping a diary Inactive viral antigen vaccine example -
ANSWER✅✅✅Poliovirus vaccine, hepatitis A vaccine (HepA), influenza vaccine Insulin
action - ANSWER✅✅✅Regulation of glucose metabolism, promotes glucose and
amino acid uptake, synthesis of complex organic molecules Insulin dose calculation -
ANSWER✅✅✅Calculate TDD, mealtime carbs, ratio, insulin coverage Intermittent
asthma symptoms - ANSWER✅✅✅2 days/week or less, 2 times/month nighttime
awakening, SABA use 2 days/week or less Interval to recheck A1c - ANSWER✅✅✅2-4
times a year until A1c drops to 7%, then at least every 6 months Isoniazid use -
