EMT: COMPREHENSIVE EXAM STUDY
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
ContrastFEMTFCertificateFandFLicensureF-FANSWERF-
FCertificateF=FanFexamFensuringFallFhealthFcareFprovidersFhaveFtheFsameFbasicFlevelFofFknowledgeFandFskill.
-FLicensureF=FtheFprocessFbyFwhichFstatesFensureFapplicantFcompetencyFinFanFexaminationFsetting.
DefineFScopeFofFPracticeF-FANSWERF-FOutlinesFtheFcareFandFEMTFisFlegallyFableFtoFprovideFtoFtheFpatient.
-FSetFbyFtheFStateFnormally.
WhatFareFtheFRolesFofFtheFMedicalFDirectorF-FANSWERF-
FAFphysicianFwhoFauthorizesFtheFEMTsFinFtheFserviceFtoFprovideFmedicalFcareFinFtheFfield.
WhatFisFtheFPurposeFofFContinuousFQualityFImprovementF-FANSWERF-
FToFidentifyFareasFofFimprovementFandFremoveFhumanFerror.
-FMayFaddFtrainingForFdevelopFsomeFotherFeducationalFactivityFtoFbetterFtheFEMS.
WhatFshouldFyouFdoFfollowingFaFneedleFexposureFandFwhatFareFwaysFtoFpreventFtheFspreadFofFinfectiousFdi
sease:F-
FANSWERFCleanFtheFlocation,FcompleteFanFexposureFreport,FandFletFyourFsupervisorForFinfectionFcontrolFoff
icerFknow.
-FPPEFandFcleaning!
DefineFCumulativeFStressFandFhowFdoesFyourFbodyFrespond?F-
FANSWERFOccursFwhenFexposedFtoFprolongedForFexcessiveFstress.
-FCanFcauseFfatigue,Firritability,Fisolation,FinabilityFtoFconcentrate,Fetc...
DefineFPTSDF-FANSWERFRe-
experiencingFanFeventFandFoverFrespondingFtoFstimuliFthatFareFsimilarFtoFtheFpreviousFevent.
,ContrastFImpliedFConsentFandFExpressedFConsentF-FANSWERF-
FImpliedF=FifFpatientFisFunableFtoFmakeFaFrationalFdecision,FitFisFassumed.
-FExpressedF=FifFpatientFisFableFtoFmakeFaFrationalFdecisionFtheyFmustFgiveFconsent.
WhatFisFtheFStandardFofFCareFandFhowFisFitFestablished?F-FANSWERF-
FAcceptedFlevelsFofFemergencyFcareFexpectedFbyFreasonFofFtrainingFandFprofession.
-FByFlocalFcustoms,Fprotocols,Fliterature,FandFadministrativeFregulations.
WhatFshouldFyouFdoFifFyouFmakeFaFmistakeFwhileFprovidingFpatientFcare?F-FANSWERF-FDocumentFit!!
ContrastFaFMobileFBaseFStationFwithFaFHand-heldFPortableFRadioF-FANSWERF-
FBaseFStationF=FtransmitterFandFreceiverFinFaFfixedFlocation.
-FPortableFRadioF=FcarriedFwithFEMT/Paramedic
PlanesFofFtheFBodyF[3]F-FANSWERF1.)FFrontal/CoronalF=Ffront/back
2.)FTransverse/AxialF=Ftop/bottom
3.)FSaggitalF=Fleft/right
TypesFofFMuscleF[3FandFDifferences]F-FANSWERF1.)FSkeletalF=Fvoluntary,Fstriated
2.)FCardiacF=Finvoluntary,Fstriated
3.)FSmoothF=Finvoluntary,FnotFstriated
DescribeFtheFpurposeFofFtheFEpiglottisF-FANSWERF-
FKeepFstomachFcontents/foodFfromFgoingFintoFtheFtrachea.
ContrastFRespirationFvs.FVentilationF-FANSWERF-FVentilationF=FmovingFairFintoFandFoutFofFlungs.
-FRespirationF=FtransferFofFoxygenFandFcarbonFdioxideFinFalveoli/tissues.
StructuresFofFtheFUpperFRespiratoryFSystemF[7]F-FANSWERF1.)FNose
2.)FMouth
,3.)FTongue
4.)FMandible
5.)FPharynx
6.)FLarynx
7.)FEpiglottis
StructuresFofFtheFLowerFRespiratoryFSystemF[6]F-FANSWERF1.)FTrachea
2.)FThyroidFCartilageF[Adam'sFApple]
3.)FCricoidFCartilageF=FmaintainsFairwayFstructureF[bendFheadF=FairwayFdoesn'tFpinch]
4.)FBronchiF[RightF(moreFopen)FandFLeft]
-FDividesFatFCarina
5.)FBronchioles
6.)FAlveoli
BloodFFlowFthroughFtheFHeartF[OxygenatedFvs.FDeoxygenated]F-FANSWERFDeoxygenated:
-FVenaFCavaF=FRAF=FTricuspidFValveF=FRVF=FPulmonaryFValveF=FPulmonaryFArteriesF=FLungs
Oxygenated:
-FLungsF=FPulmonaryFVeinsF=FLAF=FMitralFValveF=FLVF=FAorticFValveF=FAorta
SVF[andFNormalFValue]F-FANSWERF~60-80FmL
HRF[andFNormalFValue]F-FANSWERF~60-100Fbpm
COF[andFCalculation/NormalFValue]F-FANSWERF-FCOF=FSVFxFHR
-FNormalF=F~5-6FL/min
PacemakerFofFtheFHeartF-FANSWERF-FSinoatrialFNode.
CommonFCentralFPulsesF[5]F-FANSWERF1.)FCarotid
, 2.)FFemoral
FunctionFofFtheFSpleenF-FANSWERF-FFiltersFbloodFandFhasFimmuneFsystemFfunctions.
FunctionFofFPlasmaF-FANSWERF-FLiquidFportionFofFbloodFthatFcarriesFbloodFcellsFandFnutrients.
FunctionFofFCerebrumF[andF5FParts]F-FANSWERF-FHigherFthinkingFandFfunctioning.
FunctionFofFCerebellumF-FANSWERF-FMuscleFcoordination
-FOutputFofFsomaticFmotorFsensors.
FunctionFofFBrainstemF[andF3FParts]F-FANSWERF-FAutonomicFCenters!
1.)FMidbrain
2.)FPons
3.)FMedullaFOblongata
FunctionFofFMedullaFOblongataF-FANSWERF1.)FAutonomicFcentersFforFregulationFofFvisceralFfunctions.
-Fe.g.Fcardiovascular,Frespiratory,FandFdigestive.
2.)FRelaysFsensoryFinfoFtoFtheFthalamus.
FunctionFofFtheFReticularFActivatingFSystemF-FANSWERFInFMidbrainFofFBrainFStem:
-FRegulatesFconsciousness.
-FActivatedF=FawakeFandFconscious.
FunctionFofFtheFOrgansFofFtheFDigestiveFSystemF-FANSWERF-FDigestion,FAbsorption,FSecretion,Fetc...
ContrastFAerobicFvs.FAnaerobicFMetabolismF-FANSWERF-FAerobicF=FwithFoxygenFandFmakesFmoreFATP.
=>FFormFCarbonFDioxideFandFWaterFasFwaste
-FAnaerobicF=FwithoutFoxygen,FmakesFmuchFlessFATP.
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
ContrastFEMTFCertificateFandFLicensureF-FANSWERF-
FCertificateF=FanFexamFensuringFallFhealthFcareFprovidersFhaveFtheFsameFbasicFlevelFofFknowledgeFandFskill.
-FLicensureF=FtheFprocessFbyFwhichFstatesFensureFapplicantFcompetencyFinFanFexaminationFsetting.
DefineFScopeFofFPracticeF-FANSWERF-FOutlinesFtheFcareFandFEMTFisFlegallyFableFtoFprovideFtoFtheFpatient.
-FSetFbyFtheFStateFnormally.
WhatFareFtheFRolesFofFtheFMedicalFDirectorF-FANSWERF-
FAFphysicianFwhoFauthorizesFtheFEMTsFinFtheFserviceFtoFprovideFmedicalFcareFinFtheFfield.
WhatFisFtheFPurposeFofFContinuousFQualityFImprovementF-FANSWERF-
FToFidentifyFareasFofFimprovementFandFremoveFhumanFerror.
-FMayFaddFtrainingForFdevelopFsomeFotherFeducationalFactivityFtoFbetterFtheFEMS.
WhatFshouldFyouFdoFfollowingFaFneedleFexposureFandFwhatFareFwaysFtoFpreventFtheFspreadFofFinfectiousFdi
sease:F-
FANSWERFCleanFtheFlocation,FcompleteFanFexposureFreport,FandFletFyourFsupervisorForFinfectionFcontrolFoff
icerFknow.
-FPPEFandFcleaning!
DefineFCumulativeFStressFandFhowFdoesFyourFbodyFrespond?F-
FANSWERFOccursFwhenFexposedFtoFprolongedForFexcessiveFstress.
-FCanFcauseFfatigue,Firritability,Fisolation,FinabilityFtoFconcentrate,Fetc...
DefineFPTSDF-FANSWERFRe-
experiencingFanFeventFandFoverFrespondingFtoFstimuliFthatFareFsimilarFtoFtheFpreviousFevent.
,ContrastFImpliedFConsentFandFExpressedFConsentF-FANSWERF-
FImpliedF=FifFpatientFisFunableFtoFmakeFaFrationalFdecision,FitFisFassumed.
-FExpressedF=FifFpatientFisFableFtoFmakeFaFrationalFdecisionFtheyFmustFgiveFconsent.
WhatFisFtheFStandardFofFCareFandFhowFisFitFestablished?F-FANSWERF-
FAcceptedFlevelsFofFemergencyFcareFexpectedFbyFreasonFofFtrainingFandFprofession.
-FByFlocalFcustoms,Fprotocols,Fliterature,FandFadministrativeFregulations.
WhatFshouldFyouFdoFifFyouFmakeFaFmistakeFwhileFprovidingFpatientFcare?F-FANSWERF-FDocumentFit!!
ContrastFaFMobileFBaseFStationFwithFaFHand-heldFPortableFRadioF-FANSWERF-
FBaseFStationF=FtransmitterFandFreceiverFinFaFfixedFlocation.
-FPortableFRadioF=FcarriedFwithFEMT/Paramedic
PlanesFofFtheFBodyF[3]F-FANSWERF1.)FFrontal/CoronalF=Ffront/back
2.)FTransverse/AxialF=Ftop/bottom
3.)FSaggitalF=Fleft/right
TypesFofFMuscleF[3FandFDifferences]F-FANSWERF1.)FSkeletalF=Fvoluntary,Fstriated
2.)FCardiacF=Finvoluntary,Fstriated
3.)FSmoothF=Finvoluntary,FnotFstriated
DescribeFtheFpurposeFofFtheFEpiglottisF-FANSWERF-
FKeepFstomachFcontents/foodFfromFgoingFintoFtheFtrachea.
ContrastFRespirationFvs.FVentilationF-FANSWERF-FVentilationF=FmovingFairFintoFandFoutFofFlungs.
-FRespirationF=FtransferFofFoxygenFandFcarbonFdioxideFinFalveoli/tissues.
StructuresFofFtheFUpperFRespiratoryFSystemF[7]F-FANSWERF1.)FNose
2.)FMouth
,3.)FTongue
4.)FMandible
5.)FPharynx
6.)FLarynx
7.)FEpiglottis
StructuresFofFtheFLowerFRespiratoryFSystemF[6]F-FANSWERF1.)FTrachea
2.)FThyroidFCartilageF[Adam'sFApple]
3.)FCricoidFCartilageF=FmaintainsFairwayFstructureF[bendFheadF=FairwayFdoesn'tFpinch]
4.)FBronchiF[RightF(moreFopen)FandFLeft]
-FDividesFatFCarina
5.)FBronchioles
6.)FAlveoli
BloodFFlowFthroughFtheFHeartF[OxygenatedFvs.FDeoxygenated]F-FANSWERFDeoxygenated:
-FVenaFCavaF=FRAF=FTricuspidFValveF=FRVF=FPulmonaryFValveF=FPulmonaryFArteriesF=FLungs
Oxygenated:
-FLungsF=FPulmonaryFVeinsF=FLAF=FMitralFValveF=FLVF=FAorticFValveF=FAorta
SVF[andFNormalFValue]F-FANSWERF~60-80FmL
HRF[andFNormalFValue]F-FANSWERF~60-100Fbpm
COF[andFCalculation/NormalFValue]F-FANSWERF-FCOF=FSVFxFHR
-FNormalF=F~5-6FL/min
PacemakerFofFtheFHeartF-FANSWERF-FSinoatrialFNode.
CommonFCentralFPulsesF[5]F-FANSWERF1.)FCarotid
, 2.)FFemoral
FunctionFofFtheFSpleenF-FANSWERF-FFiltersFbloodFandFhasFimmuneFsystemFfunctions.
FunctionFofFPlasmaF-FANSWERF-FLiquidFportionFofFbloodFthatFcarriesFbloodFcellsFandFnutrients.
FunctionFofFCerebrumF[andF5FParts]F-FANSWERF-FHigherFthinkingFandFfunctioning.
FunctionFofFCerebellumF-FANSWERF-FMuscleFcoordination
-FOutputFofFsomaticFmotorFsensors.
FunctionFofFBrainstemF[andF3FParts]F-FANSWERF-FAutonomicFCenters!
1.)FMidbrain
2.)FPons
3.)FMedullaFOblongata
FunctionFofFMedullaFOblongataF-FANSWERF1.)FAutonomicFcentersFforFregulationFofFvisceralFfunctions.
-Fe.g.Fcardiovascular,Frespiratory,FandFdigestive.
2.)FRelaysFsensoryFinfoFtoFtheFthalamus.
FunctionFofFtheFReticularFActivatingFSystemF-FANSWERFInFMidbrainFofFBrainFStem:
-FRegulatesFconsciousness.
-FActivatedF=FawakeFandFconscious.
FunctionFofFtheFOrgansFofFtheFDigestiveFSystemF-FANSWERF-FDigestion,FAbsorption,FSecretion,Fetc...
ContrastFAerobicFvs.FAnaerobicFMetabolismF-FANSWERF-FAerobicF=FwithFoxygenFandFmakesFmoreFATP.
=>FFormFCarbonFDioxideFandFWaterFasFwaste
-FAnaerobicF=FwithoutFoxygen,FmakesFmuchFlessFATP.
