Sociology - Exam 1 – 83 Complete Q;s and A’s
Sociological Perspective - -seeing the general in the particular
-Peter Berger's General/Particular - -Sociologists look for general patterns in
behavior of particular people
-Berger's Strange/Familiar - -Sociological perspective reveals initially
strange idea that society shapes what we think and do
-Durkheim's research on suicide - -Social integration affects suicide rates;
Freedom loosens social ties
-Sociological Imagination - Who - -C. Wright Mills
-Sociological Imagination - Concept - -Society, not personal failings, is cause
of social problems
-Structural-Functional Sociological Theory - -Macro-level, Education, Gov't,
Family Religion, Health, Manifest/Latent Functions
-Social-Conflict Sociological Theory - -Macro-level, Social inequality creates
conflict, Age, Class, Race, Sex
-Symbolic-Interaction Sociological Theory - -Micro-level, Build personality
from social experience
-Scientific Sociology - -The study of society based on systematic
observation of social behavior
-Sociological Concept & Examples - -Mental construct that represents some
part of the world in simplified form. "Society", "The Family", "The Economy"
-Sociological Variable & Examples - -Concept whose value changes from
case to case. "Price", "Upper-class", "Middle-class"
-Operationalization - -Specifying exactly what is to be measure before
assigning a value to a variable
-10 Steps in Sociological Investigation - -Select and define topic, review
literature, develop key questions, assess requirements for study, consider
ethical issues, select research method, collect data, interpret findings, state
conclusions, publish findings
, -Culture - -The ways of thinking, acting, and the material objects that
together form a people's way of life
-Ethnocentrism - -Practice of judging another culture by the standards of
one's own culture
-Elements of Culture - -Symbols, Language, Values and Beliefs, Norms, Ideal
vs. Real Culture, Material Culture and Technology
-High Culture - -Cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite
-Popular Culture - -Cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's
population
-Subculture - -Cultural patterns that set apart some segment of a society's
population
-Counterculture - -Cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely
accepted within a society
-Cultural Integration - -The close relationships among various elements of a
cultural system
-Society - -People who interact in a defined territory and share a culture
-4 Visions of Society - -Society/Technology, Society in Conflict,
Society/Ideas, Traditions
-Lenski - Society/Technology - -Sociocultural evolution defined by
technological complexity. Technology produces human arrangement
-Marx - Society in Conflict - -Class conflict. Capitalists, Proletariats, Social
Institutions. Sense of alienation
-Weber - Society/Ideas - -Rationalization of society (historical change)
Predestination, prosperity sign of God's grace
-Durkheim - Traditions - -Society greater than individual. Society has
"objective reality" - norms, values, beliefs
-Anomie - -Durkheim's term for a condition in which society provides little
moral guidance to individuals
-Lenski's 5 Societies - -Hunting/Gathering, Horticultural/Pastoral,
Agricultural, Industrial, Post Industial
Sociological Perspective - -seeing the general in the particular
-Peter Berger's General/Particular - -Sociologists look for general patterns in
behavior of particular people
-Berger's Strange/Familiar - -Sociological perspective reveals initially
strange idea that society shapes what we think and do
-Durkheim's research on suicide - -Social integration affects suicide rates;
Freedom loosens social ties
-Sociological Imagination - Who - -C. Wright Mills
-Sociological Imagination - Concept - -Society, not personal failings, is cause
of social problems
-Structural-Functional Sociological Theory - -Macro-level, Education, Gov't,
Family Religion, Health, Manifest/Latent Functions
-Social-Conflict Sociological Theory - -Macro-level, Social inequality creates
conflict, Age, Class, Race, Sex
-Symbolic-Interaction Sociological Theory - -Micro-level, Build personality
from social experience
-Scientific Sociology - -The study of society based on systematic
observation of social behavior
-Sociological Concept & Examples - -Mental construct that represents some
part of the world in simplified form. "Society", "The Family", "The Economy"
-Sociological Variable & Examples - -Concept whose value changes from
case to case. "Price", "Upper-class", "Middle-class"
-Operationalization - -Specifying exactly what is to be measure before
assigning a value to a variable
-10 Steps in Sociological Investigation - -Select and define topic, review
literature, develop key questions, assess requirements for study, consider
ethical issues, select research method, collect data, interpret findings, state
conclusions, publish findings
, -Culture - -The ways of thinking, acting, and the material objects that
together form a people's way of life
-Ethnocentrism - -Practice of judging another culture by the standards of
one's own culture
-Elements of Culture - -Symbols, Language, Values and Beliefs, Norms, Ideal
vs. Real Culture, Material Culture and Technology
-High Culture - -Cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite
-Popular Culture - -Cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's
population
-Subculture - -Cultural patterns that set apart some segment of a society's
population
-Counterculture - -Cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely
accepted within a society
-Cultural Integration - -The close relationships among various elements of a
cultural system
-Society - -People who interact in a defined territory and share a culture
-4 Visions of Society - -Society/Technology, Society in Conflict,
Society/Ideas, Traditions
-Lenski - Society/Technology - -Sociocultural evolution defined by
technological complexity. Technology produces human arrangement
-Marx - Society in Conflict - -Class conflict. Capitalists, Proletariats, Social
Institutions. Sense of alienation
-Weber - Society/Ideas - -Rationalization of society (historical change)
Predestination, prosperity sign of God's grace
-Durkheim - Traditions - -Society greater than individual. Society has
"objective reality" - norms, values, beliefs
-Anomie - -Durkheim's term for a condition in which society provides little
moral guidance to individuals
-Lenski's 5 Societies - -Hunting/Gathering, Horticultural/Pastoral,
Agricultural, Industrial, Post Industial
