DIABETES MELLITUS (25-27 Questions)
with complete solutions (updated year 2004)
What is the Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes? - correct answer-islet beta cells are destroyed and
cannot produce insulin, causing glucose to build up in the bloodstream. Patients with this type of
diabetes are usually diagnosed at a young age.
What is the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes? - correct answer-metabolic condition in which the body
becomes insulin resistant or has impaired insulin secretions that is strongly associated with obesity and
sedentary lifestyles.
What are the common signs and symptoms of Diabetes? - correct answer-- polydipsia
- polyuria
- polyphagia
- fatigue
- unexplained weight loss
What signs and symptoms of diabetes are specific for Type 1? - correct answer-- ketonuria
- kussamaul repirations
How would a nurse test for diabetes? - correct answer-- hemoglobin A1C
- CBG, capillary glucose monitoring
- FBG, fasting blood glucose
- urine ketones (for type 1)
What score should a diabetic aim for their A1C to be? - correct answer-5 or lower
Why do type 1 diabetics have kussmaul respirations? - correct answer-the patient is blowing off ketones
and has rapid deep breathing
, What does the hemoglobin A1C test show us in diabetics? - correct answer-average blood sugar levels
over the past 3 months
What A1C test indicates diabetes? - correct answer-5.7 or higher, which indicates the the patient is not
really complying or fully educated about their diabetic treatment regimen. the nurse must assess how
the patient is taking care of themselves and their knowledge about diabetes care
How would a nurse care for a patient who becomes hypoglycemic? - correct answer-- teach the pt about
signs and symptoms due to hypoglycemic awareness (shakiness, mental confusion, sweating, and
palpations)
- if the patient is unconscious, place them on their side to prevent aspiration
- ensure the patient eats 15 grams of carbs and monitor blood glucose every 15 mins
- after the event, help the client identify why it occured
A nurse walks into her diabetic patients room and finds her patient unconscious, what is the nurses
priority action? - correct answer-turn the patient to his side
How would a nurse care for a patient who becomes hyperglycemic? - correct answer-- assess the clients
knowledge and teach prn
- encourage oral intake of fluids to prevent dehydration
- test urine for ketones in type 1 patients
Which of the following patients are at risk for DKA Diabetic Ketoacidosis? - correct answer-- undiagnosed
and untreated diabetes
- pt not adhering to regimen
- reduced or missed doses of insulin
- infection (the most common cause)
How many grams of carbs must a diabetic patient have? - correct answer-130 grams
with complete solutions (updated year 2004)
What is the Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes? - correct answer-islet beta cells are destroyed and
cannot produce insulin, causing glucose to build up in the bloodstream. Patients with this type of
diabetes are usually diagnosed at a young age.
What is the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes? - correct answer-metabolic condition in which the body
becomes insulin resistant or has impaired insulin secretions that is strongly associated with obesity and
sedentary lifestyles.
What are the common signs and symptoms of Diabetes? - correct answer-- polydipsia
- polyuria
- polyphagia
- fatigue
- unexplained weight loss
What signs and symptoms of diabetes are specific for Type 1? - correct answer-- ketonuria
- kussamaul repirations
How would a nurse test for diabetes? - correct answer-- hemoglobin A1C
- CBG, capillary glucose monitoring
- FBG, fasting blood glucose
- urine ketones (for type 1)
What score should a diabetic aim for their A1C to be? - correct answer-5 or lower
Why do type 1 diabetics have kussmaul respirations? - correct answer-the patient is blowing off ketones
and has rapid deep breathing
, What does the hemoglobin A1C test show us in diabetics? - correct answer-average blood sugar levels
over the past 3 months
What A1C test indicates diabetes? - correct answer-5.7 or higher, which indicates the the patient is not
really complying or fully educated about their diabetic treatment regimen. the nurse must assess how
the patient is taking care of themselves and their knowledge about diabetes care
How would a nurse care for a patient who becomes hypoglycemic? - correct answer-- teach the pt about
signs and symptoms due to hypoglycemic awareness (shakiness, mental confusion, sweating, and
palpations)
- if the patient is unconscious, place them on their side to prevent aspiration
- ensure the patient eats 15 grams of carbs and monitor blood glucose every 15 mins
- after the event, help the client identify why it occured
A nurse walks into her diabetic patients room and finds her patient unconscious, what is the nurses
priority action? - correct answer-turn the patient to his side
How would a nurse care for a patient who becomes hyperglycemic? - correct answer-- assess the clients
knowledge and teach prn
- encourage oral intake of fluids to prevent dehydration
- test urine for ketones in type 1 patients
Which of the following patients are at risk for DKA Diabetic Ketoacidosis? - correct answer-- undiagnosed
and untreated diabetes
- pt not adhering to regimen
- reduced or missed doses of insulin
- infection (the most common cause)
How many grams of carbs must a diabetic patient have? - correct answer-130 grams
