EXAM: EAQ Heart Failure Exam with Complete
Solutions
The nurse would most likely administer the combination product isosorbide/hydralazine
[BiDil] to patient of which ethnic heritage?
asian
mexican
native american
african american CORRECT ANS-African American
approved for African Americans who have moderate to severe symptoms.
A patient is given medication to make the blood vessels constrict. The nurse understands that
what occurs with this medication?
blood flow increases
resistance increases
vessel diameter enlarges
blood pressure decreases CORRECT ANS-resistance increases
,EXAM: EAQ Heart Failure Exam with Complete
Solutions
when vessels constrict, resistances rises, causing blood flow to decline. To maintain adequate
flow when resistance rises, blood pressure must rise as well. when vessels dilate, the
diameter enlarges, whereas constriction causes the diameter to become smaller.
After being taught about digoxin, which statement from the staff indicates more teaching is
needed?
-digoxin has a positive inotropic effect
-digoxin is a frist-line drug for heart failure
-digoxin when used by women may actually shorten life
-digoxin can help with heart failure, but it does not prolong life CORRECT ANS-digoxin is a
first line drug for heart failure
-this is incorrect. Used widely in the past, digoxin is considered a second-line agent today for
heart failure. Digoxin does have a positive inotropic effect, it can shorten women's lives, and
it can help with heart failure but does not prolong life.
Which statement is correct regarding the distribution of blood in the body?
,EXAM: EAQ Heart Failure Exam with Complete
Solutions
-the majority of blood is in the heart
-the majority of blood is in the lungs
-the majority or blood is in the capillaries
-the majority of blood is in the venous system CORRECT ANS-the majority o blood is in the
venous system
-a total of 64% of blood is in the veins, venues, and venous sinuses; 7% in the arterioles and
capillaries; 13% in the arteries; 7% in the heart; and 9% in pulmonary circulation
Which physiologic mechanism helps ensure venous return despite low pressure in the
venues?
-cardiac muscle relaxation
-vasodilation in the periphery
-positive pressure in the right atrium
-negative pressure in the right atrium CORRECT ANS--negative pressure in the right atrium
, EXAM: EAQ Heart Failure Exam with Complete
Solutions
the three mechanism that help ensure venous return are negative pressure in the right
atrium, constriction of veins, and the combination of venous valves and contraction of
skeletal muscles.
In the failing heart, arterial pressure falls, stimulating the baroreceptor reflex to increase
sympathetic nervous system activity. Which finding is an expected outcome of increased
sympathetic activity?
A. Tachycardia
B. Bradypnea
C. Hypotension
D. Hypoglycemia CORRECT ANS-A. Tachycardia
increased sympathetic activity results in an increased heart rate (tachycardia), increased
contractility, increased venous tone, and increase arteriolar tone (elevated blood pressure).
Sympathetic stimulation also causes bronchodilator and possibly hyperglycemia.
Solutions
The nurse would most likely administer the combination product isosorbide/hydralazine
[BiDil] to patient of which ethnic heritage?
asian
mexican
native american
african american CORRECT ANS-African American
approved for African Americans who have moderate to severe symptoms.
A patient is given medication to make the blood vessels constrict. The nurse understands that
what occurs with this medication?
blood flow increases
resistance increases
vessel diameter enlarges
blood pressure decreases CORRECT ANS-resistance increases
,EXAM: EAQ Heart Failure Exam with Complete
Solutions
when vessels constrict, resistances rises, causing blood flow to decline. To maintain adequate
flow when resistance rises, blood pressure must rise as well. when vessels dilate, the
diameter enlarges, whereas constriction causes the diameter to become smaller.
After being taught about digoxin, which statement from the staff indicates more teaching is
needed?
-digoxin has a positive inotropic effect
-digoxin is a frist-line drug for heart failure
-digoxin when used by women may actually shorten life
-digoxin can help with heart failure, but it does not prolong life CORRECT ANS-digoxin is a
first line drug for heart failure
-this is incorrect. Used widely in the past, digoxin is considered a second-line agent today for
heart failure. Digoxin does have a positive inotropic effect, it can shorten women's lives, and
it can help with heart failure but does not prolong life.
Which statement is correct regarding the distribution of blood in the body?
,EXAM: EAQ Heart Failure Exam with Complete
Solutions
-the majority of blood is in the heart
-the majority of blood is in the lungs
-the majority or blood is in the capillaries
-the majority of blood is in the venous system CORRECT ANS-the majority o blood is in the
venous system
-a total of 64% of blood is in the veins, venues, and venous sinuses; 7% in the arterioles and
capillaries; 13% in the arteries; 7% in the heart; and 9% in pulmonary circulation
Which physiologic mechanism helps ensure venous return despite low pressure in the
venues?
-cardiac muscle relaxation
-vasodilation in the periphery
-positive pressure in the right atrium
-negative pressure in the right atrium CORRECT ANS--negative pressure in the right atrium
, EXAM: EAQ Heart Failure Exam with Complete
Solutions
the three mechanism that help ensure venous return are negative pressure in the right
atrium, constriction of veins, and the combination of venous valves and contraction of
skeletal muscles.
In the failing heart, arterial pressure falls, stimulating the baroreceptor reflex to increase
sympathetic nervous system activity. Which finding is an expected outcome of increased
sympathetic activity?
A. Tachycardia
B. Bradypnea
C. Hypotension
D. Hypoglycemia CORRECT ANS-A. Tachycardia
increased sympathetic activity results in an increased heart rate (tachycardia), increased
contractility, increased venous tone, and increase arteriolar tone (elevated blood pressure).
Sympathetic stimulation also causes bronchodilator and possibly hyperglycemia.
