WGU NUTRITION- KIDNEY DISEASE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are the steps of nephrotic syndrome? - Answer-
What is the relevant cause of calcium phosphate stones? - Answer-Increase in the pH
of urine
What is the relevant cause of calcium oxalate stones? - Answer-Increased excretion of
calcium, oxalis acid, and uric acid
What is the relevant cause of uric acid stones? - Answer-Acidic urine pH and low urine
output
What are signs of proteinuria? - Answer-Wasting of fat and muscle tissue, fluid
accumulation in abdominal cavity, increased concentration of fats in the blood,
hypoalbuminemia
What increases a persons chance of developing acute kidney disease? - Answer-
Uncontrolled type II diabetes, a BMI of 31, family history of kidney stones
Which manifestations suggest that a patient has entered end-stage renal disease? -
Answer-Urea present in blood, glomerular filtration less than 15 mL/min per 1.73m^2
The dietician sees a patient with phosphorus lev of 5.7 mg/dL. What will the dietician
recommend? - Answer-Increase intake of calcium rich foods, begin administration of
phosphate binders
What are sodium recommendations? - Answer-2.4 g/day unless there's hypertension-
then 2.0 g/day
What is the minimum protein recommendation for those in end stage renal disease? -
Answer-1.1 g/kg
What is the recommended caloric intake for patients with chronic kidney disease stages
3-5, undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis and those who have undergone
kidney transplantation - Answer-25-35 kcal/kg per day
For someone with a kidney transplant who is prescribed corticosteroids, what nutrients
do we increase? - Answer-Protein, vitamin B6
What is the glomelular filtration rate in stage one chronic kidney disease? - Answer-92
What stage does moderate proteinuria happen? - Answer-Stage 2
, What stage is a glomelular filtration rate of 28? - Answer-Stage 4
What stage does uremia happen in? - Answer-Stage 5
A patient in End stage renal disease should have an increase of which nutrients? -
Answer-Protein, thiamin
What anatomic structure is a vascular component of a nephron? - Answer-Glomerulus
Which factor causes distorted kidney struggles tire and vascular damage in chronic
kidney disease? - Answer-Scarring of renal tissue
Which findings in the patient with chronic kidney disease are described by the term
azotemia? - Answer-Elevated blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and serum uric
acid levels
How does glomerular filtration rate change as chronic kidney disease progresses? -
Answer-Filtration rate decreases
Which term describes the failure if the kidneys to produce urine? - Answer-Anuria
Which term means very little urine output? - Answer-Oliguria
If hypertension and edema are present in a patient with chronic kidney disease, what is
the recommended limit for sodium intake? - Answer-2g/day
Which criteria are used in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury? - Answer-Increased
serum creatinine levels and oliguria
During which phase of acute kidney injury do losses of sodium and potassium need to
be replaced? - Answer-Diuretic, patients lose excessive electrolytes (both sodium and
potassium)
Which factor may contribute to fluid loss in a patient with acute kidney injury? - Answer-
Fever
What is the general recommended daily intake of phosphorus/ kg of body weight in a
patient with AKI? - Answer-8-15 mg
How many nonprotein calories should be provided for weight maintenance and to meet
the demands of the stress of acute kidney injury? - Answer-25-35 kcal/kg per day
What's the recommended sodium intake for patients with acute kidney injury? - Answer-
2-3 g
Which macronutrient should be restricted in patients with AKI? - Answer-Protein
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are the steps of nephrotic syndrome? - Answer-
What is the relevant cause of calcium phosphate stones? - Answer-Increase in the pH
of urine
What is the relevant cause of calcium oxalate stones? - Answer-Increased excretion of
calcium, oxalis acid, and uric acid
What is the relevant cause of uric acid stones? - Answer-Acidic urine pH and low urine
output
What are signs of proteinuria? - Answer-Wasting of fat and muscle tissue, fluid
accumulation in abdominal cavity, increased concentration of fats in the blood,
hypoalbuminemia
What increases a persons chance of developing acute kidney disease? - Answer-
Uncontrolled type II diabetes, a BMI of 31, family history of kidney stones
Which manifestations suggest that a patient has entered end-stage renal disease? -
Answer-Urea present in blood, glomerular filtration less than 15 mL/min per 1.73m^2
The dietician sees a patient with phosphorus lev of 5.7 mg/dL. What will the dietician
recommend? - Answer-Increase intake of calcium rich foods, begin administration of
phosphate binders
What are sodium recommendations? - Answer-2.4 g/day unless there's hypertension-
then 2.0 g/day
What is the minimum protein recommendation for those in end stage renal disease? -
Answer-1.1 g/kg
What is the recommended caloric intake for patients with chronic kidney disease stages
3-5, undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis and those who have undergone
kidney transplantation - Answer-25-35 kcal/kg per day
For someone with a kidney transplant who is prescribed corticosteroids, what nutrients
do we increase? - Answer-Protein, vitamin B6
What is the glomelular filtration rate in stage one chronic kidney disease? - Answer-92
What stage does moderate proteinuria happen? - Answer-Stage 2
, What stage is a glomelular filtration rate of 28? - Answer-Stage 4
What stage does uremia happen in? - Answer-Stage 5
A patient in End stage renal disease should have an increase of which nutrients? -
Answer-Protein, thiamin
What anatomic structure is a vascular component of a nephron? - Answer-Glomerulus
Which factor causes distorted kidney struggles tire and vascular damage in chronic
kidney disease? - Answer-Scarring of renal tissue
Which findings in the patient with chronic kidney disease are described by the term
azotemia? - Answer-Elevated blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and serum uric
acid levels
How does glomerular filtration rate change as chronic kidney disease progresses? -
Answer-Filtration rate decreases
Which term describes the failure if the kidneys to produce urine? - Answer-Anuria
Which term means very little urine output? - Answer-Oliguria
If hypertension and edema are present in a patient with chronic kidney disease, what is
the recommended limit for sodium intake? - Answer-2g/day
Which criteria are used in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury? - Answer-Increased
serum creatinine levels and oliguria
During which phase of acute kidney injury do losses of sodium and potassium need to
be replaced? - Answer-Diuretic, patients lose excessive electrolytes (both sodium and
potassium)
Which factor may contribute to fluid loss in a patient with acute kidney injury? - Answer-
Fever
What is the general recommended daily intake of phosphorus/ kg of body weight in a
patient with AKI? - Answer-8-15 mg
How many nonprotein calories should be provided for weight maintenance and to meet
the demands of the stress of acute kidney injury? - Answer-25-35 kcal/kg per day
What's the recommended sodium intake for patients with acute kidney injury? - Answer-
2-3 g
Which macronutrient should be restricted in patients with AKI? - Answer-Protein
