Pathophysiology Chapter 18 Questions with 100%
Verified Correct Answers
A client has been diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The nurse is planning care and
recognizes that the client is most at risk for: - Correct Answer Pulmonary embolism
A client has just been diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia and is asking what treatment will be
needed. The best response would be: Select all that apply. - Correct Answer Smoking cessation
Dietary measures to reduce LDL levels
Weight reduction if overweight
The physician's order states, "Calculate the pulse pressure of the client's B/P." The blood pressure
reading is as follows: systolic pressure of 146 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 82 mm Hg. The pulse
pressure would be: - Correct Answer 64 mm Hg
A patient with persistent primary hypertension remains apathetic about his high blood pressure,
stating, "I don't feel sick, and it doesn't seem to be causing me any problems that I can tell." How
would the nurse best respond to this patient's statement? - Correct Answer "You may not sense any
problems, but it really increases your risk of heart disease and stroke."
Which of the following patients should most likely be assessed for orthostatic hypotension? - Correct
Answer An elderly patient who has experienced two falls since admission while attempting to
ambulate to the bathroom
The nurse is providing education for a patient diagnosed with essential hypertension. The nurse will
state that the cause of this disorder is which of the following? - Correct Answer Unknown
A young woman has been diagnosed by her family physician with primary Raynaud disease. The
woman is distraught, stating, "I've always been healthy and I can't believe I have a disease now."
What would be her physician's most appropriate response? - Correct Answer "If you make sure to
keep yourself warm, it will have a fairly minimal effect; I'll also give you pills to enhance your
circulation."
A number of older adults have come to attend a wellness clinic that includes both blood pressure
monitoring and education about how to best control blood pressure. Which of the leader's following
teaching points is most accurate? - Correct Answer "Too much alcohol, too little exercise and too
much body fat all contribute to high blood pressure."
, A client has been prescribed a thiazide diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), for the initial treatment
of hypertension. What effect does the nurse know this drug will have to decrease blood pressure? -
Correct Answer Decrease vascular volume
The nurse knows that which of the following statements regarding the arterial chemoreceptors are
correct? Select all that apply. - Correct Answer The chemoreceptors can induce widespread
vasodilation.
The main function of the chemoreceptors is in regulation of ventilation.
The chemoreceptors trigger increased blood pressure in persons with sleep apnea.
The chemoreceptors induce systemic hypertension in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD).
The nurse knows that the primary long term regulation of blood pressure is exerted by which of the
following? - Correct Answer The kidneys
Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for orthostatic hypotension? - Correct Answer A 66-
year-old post-surgery patient on bed rest
The nurse practitioner working in an overnight sleep lab assessing and diagnosing patients with sleep
apnea. During this diagnostic procedure, the nurse notes that a patient's blood pressure is 162/97.
The nurse explains this connection to the patient based on which of the following pathophysiological
principles? - Correct Answer During apneic periods the patient experiences hypoxemia which
stimulates chemoreceptors to induce vasoconstriction.
A patient's blood pressure is persistently in the range of 130-135 mm Hg systolic and 85-88 mm Hg
diastolic. The nurse knows that which of the following conditions correctly describes this patient's
blood pressure? - Correct Answer Prehypertension
A client is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for treatment of
hypertension. What expected outcome does the nurse expect this medication will have? - Correct
Answer Will prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
The nurse is teaching a class on reduction of cardiovascular disease. Which of the following
demonstrates an intervention that is cognizant of the modifiable risk factors for hyperlipidemia? -
Correct Answer Going for a brisk walk with a friend and talking to him about continuing to exercise
regularly
Verified Correct Answers
A client has been diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The nurse is planning care and
recognizes that the client is most at risk for: - Correct Answer Pulmonary embolism
A client has just been diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia and is asking what treatment will be
needed. The best response would be: Select all that apply. - Correct Answer Smoking cessation
Dietary measures to reduce LDL levels
Weight reduction if overweight
The physician's order states, "Calculate the pulse pressure of the client's B/P." The blood pressure
reading is as follows: systolic pressure of 146 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 82 mm Hg. The pulse
pressure would be: - Correct Answer 64 mm Hg
A patient with persistent primary hypertension remains apathetic about his high blood pressure,
stating, "I don't feel sick, and it doesn't seem to be causing me any problems that I can tell." How
would the nurse best respond to this patient's statement? - Correct Answer "You may not sense any
problems, but it really increases your risk of heart disease and stroke."
Which of the following patients should most likely be assessed for orthostatic hypotension? - Correct
Answer An elderly patient who has experienced two falls since admission while attempting to
ambulate to the bathroom
The nurse is providing education for a patient diagnosed with essential hypertension. The nurse will
state that the cause of this disorder is which of the following? - Correct Answer Unknown
A young woman has been diagnosed by her family physician with primary Raynaud disease. The
woman is distraught, stating, "I've always been healthy and I can't believe I have a disease now."
What would be her physician's most appropriate response? - Correct Answer "If you make sure to
keep yourself warm, it will have a fairly minimal effect; I'll also give you pills to enhance your
circulation."
A number of older adults have come to attend a wellness clinic that includes both blood pressure
monitoring and education about how to best control blood pressure. Which of the leader's following
teaching points is most accurate? - Correct Answer "Too much alcohol, too little exercise and too
much body fat all contribute to high blood pressure."
, A client has been prescribed a thiazide diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), for the initial treatment
of hypertension. What effect does the nurse know this drug will have to decrease blood pressure? -
Correct Answer Decrease vascular volume
The nurse knows that which of the following statements regarding the arterial chemoreceptors are
correct? Select all that apply. - Correct Answer The chemoreceptors can induce widespread
vasodilation.
The main function of the chemoreceptors is in regulation of ventilation.
The chemoreceptors trigger increased blood pressure in persons with sleep apnea.
The chemoreceptors induce systemic hypertension in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD).
The nurse knows that the primary long term regulation of blood pressure is exerted by which of the
following? - Correct Answer The kidneys
Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for orthostatic hypotension? - Correct Answer A 66-
year-old post-surgery patient on bed rest
The nurse practitioner working in an overnight sleep lab assessing and diagnosing patients with sleep
apnea. During this diagnostic procedure, the nurse notes that a patient's blood pressure is 162/97.
The nurse explains this connection to the patient based on which of the following pathophysiological
principles? - Correct Answer During apneic periods the patient experiences hypoxemia which
stimulates chemoreceptors to induce vasoconstriction.
A patient's blood pressure is persistently in the range of 130-135 mm Hg systolic and 85-88 mm Hg
diastolic. The nurse knows that which of the following conditions correctly describes this patient's
blood pressure? - Correct Answer Prehypertension
A client is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for treatment of
hypertension. What expected outcome does the nurse expect this medication will have? - Correct
Answer Will prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
The nurse is teaching a class on reduction of cardiovascular disease. Which of the following
demonstrates an intervention that is cognizant of the modifiable risk factors for hyperlipidemia? -
Correct Answer Going for a brisk walk with a friend and talking to him about continuing to exercise
regularly
