Straighterline BIO 202 Final Exam
Questions and Answers | Latest Update |
2024/2025 | Graded A+
What is the role of ribozymes in cellular processes?
✔✔ Ribozymes are RNA molecules that catalyze chemical reactions, similar to enzymes, and
play roles in processes such as RNA splicing.
How do signal transduction pathways influence cellular responses?
✔✔ Signal transduction pathways transmit signals from outside the cell to inside, leading to
various cellular responses and changes in behavior.
What is the purpose of the cell wall in plant cells?
✔✔ The cell wall provides structural support, protection, and helps maintain cell shape in plant
cells.
1
,How do competitive and non-competitive inhibitors affect enzyme activity?
✔✔ Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of an enzyme, competing with substrates, while
non-competitive inhibitors bind to a different site, reducing enzyme activity regardless of
substrate concentration.
What is the function of the lysosome in a cell?
✔✔ Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials, cellular debris, and
foreign substances.
How does the structure of DNA contribute to its replication?
✔✔ DNA’s double helix structure allows for semi-conservative replication, where each strand
serves as a template for a new complementary strand.
What role do microtubules play in cell division?
2
, ✔✔ Microtubules form the mitotic spindle, which helps separate chromosomes into daughter
cells during mitosis.
What is the difference between homologous and heterologous recombination?
✔✔ Homologous recombination involves exchanging genetic material between similar or
identical DNA sequences, while heterologous recombination occurs between different DNA
sequences.
How do cellular adaptations like gene expression changes help organisms respond to
environmental stress?
✔✔ Organisms can alter gene expression to produce proteins that help them adapt to and survive
environmental stress.
What is the importance of the phospholipid bilayer in maintaining cell homeostasis?
✔✔ The phospholipid bilayer acts as a selective barrier that regulates the movement of
substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.
3
Questions and Answers | Latest Update |
2024/2025 | Graded A+
What is the role of ribozymes in cellular processes?
✔✔ Ribozymes are RNA molecules that catalyze chemical reactions, similar to enzymes, and
play roles in processes such as RNA splicing.
How do signal transduction pathways influence cellular responses?
✔✔ Signal transduction pathways transmit signals from outside the cell to inside, leading to
various cellular responses and changes in behavior.
What is the purpose of the cell wall in plant cells?
✔✔ The cell wall provides structural support, protection, and helps maintain cell shape in plant
cells.
1
,How do competitive and non-competitive inhibitors affect enzyme activity?
✔✔ Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of an enzyme, competing with substrates, while
non-competitive inhibitors bind to a different site, reducing enzyme activity regardless of
substrate concentration.
What is the function of the lysosome in a cell?
✔✔ Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials, cellular debris, and
foreign substances.
How does the structure of DNA contribute to its replication?
✔✔ DNA’s double helix structure allows for semi-conservative replication, where each strand
serves as a template for a new complementary strand.
What role do microtubules play in cell division?
2
, ✔✔ Microtubules form the mitotic spindle, which helps separate chromosomes into daughter
cells during mitosis.
What is the difference between homologous and heterologous recombination?
✔✔ Homologous recombination involves exchanging genetic material between similar or
identical DNA sequences, while heterologous recombination occurs between different DNA
sequences.
How do cellular adaptations like gene expression changes help organisms respond to
environmental stress?
✔✔ Organisms can alter gene expression to produce proteins that help them adapt to and survive
environmental stress.
What is the importance of the phospholipid bilayer in maintaining cell homeostasis?
✔✔ The phospholipid bilayer acts as a selective barrier that regulates the movement of
substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.
3
