BIO202 Final Exam Study Guide
(StraighterLine A&P II) Questions and
Answers | Latest Update | 2024/2025 |
100% Pass
What is the primary role of mitochondria in a cell?
✔✔ Mitochondria are responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration.
How do enzymes function as biological catalysts?
✔✔ Enzymes accelerate chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required.
What is the significance of the central dogma of molecular biology?
✔✔ The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
What are the stages of the cell cycle, and what occurs in each stage?
1
,✔✔ The cell cycle includes interphase (G1, S, G2 phases) for cell growth and DNA replication,
and mitotic phase (Mitosis and Cytokinesis) for cell division.
How do DNA and RNA differ in structure and function?
✔✔ DNA is double-stranded and stores genetic information, while RNA is single-stranded and
helps in protein synthesis.
What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
✔✔ Ribosomes are the sites where amino acids are assembled into proteins based on mRNA
instructions.
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
✔✔ The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids, and in the
processing and transport of these molecules.
How does the process of transcription differ from translation?
2
, ✔✔ Transcription involves copying DNA into mRNA, while translation involves using mRNA
to assemble proteins.
What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
✔✔ Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells
have a nucleus and various organelles.
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
✔✔ The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or
delivery to other organelles.
Viscosity of Blood? ✔✔twice as thick as water
How long does it take for a drop of blood to circulate through the entire system? ✔✔20-60
seconds
3
(StraighterLine A&P II) Questions and
Answers | Latest Update | 2024/2025 |
100% Pass
What is the primary role of mitochondria in a cell?
✔✔ Mitochondria are responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration.
How do enzymes function as biological catalysts?
✔✔ Enzymes accelerate chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required.
What is the significance of the central dogma of molecular biology?
✔✔ The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
What are the stages of the cell cycle, and what occurs in each stage?
1
,✔✔ The cell cycle includes interphase (G1, S, G2 phases) for cell growth and DNA replication,
and mitotic phase (Mitosis and Cytokinesis) for cell division.
How do DNA and RNA differ in structure and function?
✔✔ DNA is double-stranded and stores genetic information, while RNA is single-stranded and
helps in protein synthesis.
What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
✔✔ Ribosomes are the sites where amino acids are assembled into proteins based on mRNA
instructions.
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
✔✔ The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids, and in the
processing and transport of these molecules.
How does the process of transcription differ from translation?
2
, ✔✔ Transcription involves copying DNA into mRNA, while translation involves using mRNA
to assemble proteins.
What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
✔✔ Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells
have a nucleus and various organelles.
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
✔✔ The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or
delivery to other organelles.
Viscosity of Blood? ✔✔twice as thick as water
How long does it take for a drop of blood to circulate through the entire system? ✔✔20-60
seconds
3
