EMT Trauma Fisdap Exam/59 Complete
Questions and Answers
Treatment for a patient with full-thickness burns - -High-flow oxygen; dry,
sterile dressings; thermal management (keep patient warm); provide rapid
transport
-What should you do if there is a major hemorrhage in a patient? - -Apply a
proximal tourniquet to stop the bleeding immediately. Then turn to patient's
airway and breathing status (CAB)
-How do you care for a partially amputated extremity? - -Control bleeding
with bulky compression (pressure) dressings and splint extremity to prevent
further injury
-Injury to the cervical spine from a hanging occurs through - -distraction, or
stretching, of the vertebrae and spinal cord
-What is a subluxation - -a partial or incomplete dislocation; this is an injury,
not an injury mechanism
-Injuries related to Hyperextension mechanisms - -Patients who strike their
head on the windshield during a mvc
-Axial Loading MOI - -The spinal column is compressed vertically; injuries
after diving head first into shallow water and lumbar spine injuries after a fall
from a significant height and landing feet first
-What does cold, pale skin and an absent distal pulse indicate in a limb? - -
Indicates that blood flow distal to the injury is compromised
-How do you make one attempt to restore distal circulation? - -By applying
gentle manual traction in line with the long axis of the limb
-What can you do to a limb after distal circulation is restored? - -Splint the
limb in whatever position allows the strongest distal pulse, elevate limb
above level of the heart to help minimize swelling, and an icepack may also
help reduce pain and swelling
-What is a flail chest? - -Occurs when several ribs are fractured in more than
one place; the result is a free-floating section of ribs (flail segment) that
collapses during inhalation and bulges out during exhalation (paradoxical
chest movement)
, -What happens as the flail segment (flail chest) collapses? - -The lung is
compressed and ventilation is impaired. Treatment should include PPV and
prompt transport.
-12 Injuries or clinical findings that warrant transport to a high level trauma
center: - --GCS equal or less than 13 after trauma
-systolic BP less than 90 mm Hg
-Resp. rate less than 10 or greater than 29 breaths/min
-need for ventilatory support
-all penetrating injuries to the head, neck, torso or extremities proximal to
the knee or elbow
-chest wall instability or deformity (flail chest)
-two or more proximal long bone fractures
-a crushed, degloved, mangled or pulseless extremity
-amputation proximal to the ankle or wrist
-pelvic fractures
-open or depressed skull fracture
-paralysis
-What happens to the skin of the body when the body attempts to
compensate for shock? - -Peripheral vasoconstriction shunts blood away
from the skin to the more vital organs in the body
-What should you do if your patient's condition deteriorates en route to a
trauma center? - -Ex: increased respiratory rate; immediately repeat the
primary assessment and adjust your treatment accordingly. After
stabilization, reassess vital signs, including oxygen sat., and notify the
receiving facility
-Primary blast injury - -Direct result of the pressure wave that occurs during
an explosion. Hollow organs are most susceptible and ruptured tympanic
membrane is most common injury
-Secondary blast injury - -When shrapnel and other debris are propelled
away from explosion, resulting in impalement injuries
-Tertiary blast phase - -Blunt traumatic injuries (skull fracture, spinal injury)
when the person is propelled away from the explosion and strikes a solid
object
-Hyphema - -blood in the anterior chamber of the eye resulting from blunt
trauma. Obscures a portion of or the entire iris
-Fracture of orbital floor (blowout fracture) symptoms - -Double vision and
an inability to move eyes above the midline (paralysis of upward gaze)
following blunt facial trauma
Questions and Answers
Treatment for a patient with full-thickness burns - -High-flow oxygen; dry,
sterile dressings; thermal management (keep patient warm); provide rapid
transport
-What should you do if there is a major hemorrhage in a patient? - -Apply a
proximal tourniquet to stop the bleeding immediately. Then turn to patient's
airway and breathing status (CAB)
-How do you care for a partially amputated extremity? - -Control bleeding
with bulky compression (pressure) dressings and splint extremity to prevent
further injury
-Injury to the cervical spine from a hanging occurs through - -distraction, or
stretching, of the vertebrae and spinal cord
-What is a subluxation - -a partial or incomplete dislocation; this is an injury,
not an injury mechanism
-Injuries related to Hyperextension mechanisms - -Patients who strike their
head on the windshield during a mvc
-Axial Loading MOI - -The spinal column is compressed vertically; injuries
after diving head first into shallow water and lumbar spine injuries after a fall
from a significant height and landing feet first
-What does cold, pale skin and an absent distal pulse indicate in a limb? - -
Indicates that blood flow distal to the injury is compromised
-How do you make one attempt to restore distal circulation? - -By applying
gentle manual traction in line with the long axis of the limb
-What can you do to a limb after distal circulation is restored? - -Splint the
limb in whatever position allows the strongest distal pulse, elevate limb
above level of the heart to help minimize swelling, and an icepack may also
help reduce pain and swelling
-What is a flail chest? - -Occurs when several ribs are fractured in more than
one place; the result is a free-floating section of ribs (flail segment) that
collapses during inhalation and bulges out during exhalation (paradoxical
chest movement)
, -What happens as the flail segment (flail chest) collapses? - -The lung is
compressed and ventilation is impaired. Treatment should include PPV and
prompt transport.
-12 Injuries or clinical findings that warrant transport to a high level trauma
center: - --GCS equal or less than 13 after trauma
-systolic BP less than 90 mm Hg
-Resp. rate less than 10 or greater than 29 breaths/min
-need for ventilatory support
-all penetrating injuries to the head, neck, torso or extremities proximal to
the knee or elbow
-chest wall instability or deformity (flail chest)
-two or more proximal long bone fractures
-a crushed, degloved, mangled or pulseless extremity
-amputation proximal to the ankle or wrist
-pelvic fractures
-open or depressed skull fracture
-paralysis
-What happens to the skin of the body when the body attempts to
compensate for shock? - -Peripheral vasoconstriction shunts blood away
from the skin to the more vital organs in the body
-What should you do if your patient's condition deteriorates en route to a
trauma center? - -Ex: increased respiratory rate; immediately repeat the
primary assessment and adjust your treatment accordingly. After
stabilization, reassess vital signs, including oxygen sat., and notify the
receiving facility
-Primary blast injury - -Direct result of the pressure wave that occurs during
an explosion. Hollow organs are most susceptible and ruptured tympanic
membrane is most common injury
-Secondary blast injury - -When shrapnel and other debris are propelled
away from explosion, resulting in impalement injuries
-Tertiary blast phase - -Blunt traumatic injuries (skull fracture, spinal injury)
when the person is propelled away from the explosion and strikes a solid
object
-Hyphema - -blood in the anterior chamber of the eye resulting from blunt
trauma. Obscures a portion of or the entire iris
-Fracture of orbital floor (blowout fracture) symptoms - -Double vision and
an inability to move eyes above the midline (paralysis of upward gaze)
following blunt facial trauma
