Orthopaedic Technologist Exam: Surgery
exam with complete solution
What to report to surgeon regarding fx - ANSWER--Location
-Open/closed
-Type of fx
-Anatomical alignment
-Angulation- degree
-Neurovascular status of limb
Surgical hand washing procedure - ANSWER--Examine skin for damage
-Nail pick to clean under nails
-Sterile scrub brush
-One arm at a time, 30 passes in each area
-Each side of each finger
-Extend to 2 inches above elbow
-Excess water allowed to drip into sink
Protective attire - ANSWER-Protects from radiation, lasers, and microbes. Scrub
suit, mask, hair cover, shoe cover, non sterile gloves, protective eyewear, and
radiation protection.
Attire worn in the OR - ANSWER-Limits microbial spread. Scrub suit, hair cover.
Mask and shoe covers. A cap or hood is worn to cover hair.
Sterile scrub attire - ANSWER-Worn by surgical team. Put on after surgical scrub.
Sterile gown, sterile gloves. Required for entry into sterile field. Made of lint-free
fabric. The cuffs of the gown are not considered sterile and must be covered by
the glove. Double-gloving is recommended.
Double-gloving - ANSWER-Provides extra protection from injury and disease. As
a sharp object passes through the glove material, bioburden is removed.
Additionally, the ability of latex to act as a barrier decreases over time. A glove of
a larger size is worn next to the skin, and a glove of normal size is worn on top.
, Supine position - ANSWER-Patient flat on back. Arms secured at the sides of the
body, palms facing inward. Legs are straight out. A safety belt is positioned
across the thighs approximately 2 inches above the knees. If arm boards are
used, the arms are no more than 90 degree angle. Pillows are placed where
necessary, and a foot board is used to prevent prolonged plantar flexion.
Fowler's position - ANSWER-Modified supine position. Decreases blood
circulation to the upper body, and encourages venous drainage. An air embolism
is a potential hazard of the position. Allows easy access to the head, neck,
shoulder and breast. Arms are secured across the stomach. The upper section of
the table is raised to a 45 degree angle. The whole table is tilted downward
Prone position - ANSWER-The patient is anesthetized before being placed on the
operating table in this position. The safety strap is applied on the thighs above
the knees.
Beach Chair positioning - ANSWER-For shoulder surgery
Lateral position - ANSWER-Lateral recumbent position. Patient positioned on one
side. Lower leg is flexed, and upper leg remains straight. Safety strap is placed
over the hip. Arms are placed on double armboards.
ACL reconstruction positioning - ANSWER-The tourniquet must be placed as
proximally as possible on the thigh of the affected leg. The leg must be flexed to
at least 90 degrees. A leg holder, or lateral post attached to the bed by brackets is
used to hold the leg in position.
Fracture table positioning to repair hip and femur fractures - ANSWER-Fx of hip
and thigh require ORIF or intra-medullary rodding. A standard OR table is not
appropriate for this because these techniques require maintained traction. The
table includes a boot- the affected leg is placed in the boot.
Lateral positioner for hip replacement/hemi-arthroplasty - ANSWER-The patient
lies on the non-operative side. Posterior pad lies at L4-L5 level, the anterior pad is
pressed closely to the ASIS. The leg must be flexed to 90 degrees.
Surgical drapes - ANSWER-Protect the surgical site from contamination. Drapes
must be antistatic, strong porous, must not reflect light, flame retardant, free of
toxins, and not contain lint.
exam with complete solution
What to report to surgeon regarding fx - ANSWER--Location
-Open/closed
-Type of fx
-Anatomical alignment
-Angulation- degree
-Neurovascular status of limb
Surgical hand washing procedure - ANSWER--Examine skin for damage
-Nail pick to clean under nails
-Sterile scrub brush
-One arm at a time, 30 passes in each area
-Each side of each finger
-Extend to 2 inches above elbow
-Excess water allowed to drip into sink
Protective attire - ANSWER-Protects from radiation, lasers, and microbes. Scrub
suit, mask, hair cover, shoe cover, non sterile gloves, protective eyewear, and
radiation protection.
Attire worn in the OR - ANSWER-Limits microbial spread. Scrub suit, hair cover.
Mask and shoe covers. A cap or hood is worn to cover hair.
Sterile scrub attire - ANSWER-Worn by surgical team. Put on after surgical scrub.
Sterile gown, sterile gloves. Required for entry into sterile field. Made of lint-free
fabric. The cuffs of the gown are not considered sterile and must be covered by
the glove. Double-gloving is recommended.
Double-gloving - ANSWER-Provides extra protection from injury and disease. As
a sharp object passes through the glove material, bioburden is removed.
Additionally, the ability of latex to act as a barrier decreases over time. A glove of
a larger size is worn next to the skin, and a glove of normal size is worn on top.
, Supine position - ANSWER-Patient flat on back. Arms secured at the sides of the
body, palms facing inward. Legs are straight out. A safety belt is positioned
across the thighs approximately 2 inches above the knees. If arm boards are
used, the arms are no more than 90 degree angle. Pillows are placed where
necessary, and a foot board is used to prevent prolonged plantar flexion.
Fowler's position - ANSWER-Modified supine position. Decreases blood
circulation to the upper body, and encourages venous drainage. An air embolism
is a potential hazard of the position. Allows easy access to the head, neck,
shoulder and breast. Arms are secured across the stomach. The upper section of
the table is raised to a 45 degree angle. The whole table is tilted downward
Prone position - ANSWER-The patient is anesthetized before being placed on the
operating table in this position. The safety strap is applied on the thighs above
the knees.
Beach Chair positioning - ANSWER-For shoulder surgery
Lateral position - ANSWER-Lateral recumbent position. Patient positioned on one
side. Lower leg is flexed, and upper leg remains straight. Safety strap is placed
over the hip. Arms are placed on double armboards.
ACL reconstruction positioning - ANSWER-The tourniquet must be placed as
proximally as possible on the thigh of the affected leg. The leg must be flexed to
at least 90 degrees. A leg holder, or lateral post attached to the bed by brackets is
used to hold the leg in position.
Fracture table positioning to repair hip and femur fractures - ANSWER-Fx of hip
and thigh require ORIF or intra-medullary rodding. A standard OR table is not
appropriate for this because these techniques require maintained traction. The
table includes a boot- the affected leg is placed in the boot.
Lateral positioner for hip replacement/hemi-arthroplasty - ANSWER-The patient
lies on the non-operative side. Posterior pad lies at L4-L5 level, the anterior pad is
pressed closely to the ASIS. The leg must be flexed to 90 degrees.
Surgical drapes - ANSWER-Protect the surgical site from contamination. Drapes
must be antistatic, strong porous, must not reflect light, flame retardant, free of
toxins, and not contain lint.
