NURS 309 Exam #1 Study Guide Questions
With Complete Solutions
dentify characteristics of evidence-based practice. - correct Answers
✔✔ --1850s: historical evolution of "research" evidence began w/
Florence Nightingale
-best evidence from critical review of literature (research articles)
-clinical expertise
-patient preferences
-clinical knowledge (physical assessment)
Identify characteristics of diagnostic reasoning. - correct Answers
✔✔ --attend to available cues (pick up on pieces of info pt. gives
you)
>ex: pt. alert and oriented when first came in, now confused and clammy
-formulate diagnostic hypothesis (make a guess about what is happening)
>ex: pt. diabetic, maybe low blood sugar?
-gather data relative to hypothesis
>ex: take blood sugar
-evaluate each hypothesis w/ new data collected to arrive at final diagnosis
>ex: give orange juice and food, see if blood sugar went up and plan worked
Identify characteristics of nursing process. - correct Answers ✔✔ --
Assessment: collect all info, health hx, diet assessment, risk
assessment
-Diagnosis: cluster data, identify what pt. needs are
-Outcome Identification: if pt. has impaired skin integrity, outcome is to have
reduction/healing of wound
-Planning: set timeline, specific type of dressing, reposition frequently
-Implementation: document what you do, coordinate w/ other HC workers
-evaluation: see if it is working, sometimes they don't work and need to come
up w/ different plan
, Identify characteristics of critical thinking. - correct Answers ✔✔ --
novice: starting out in learning, uses rules to guide performance
-competent: building on 2-3 years of clinical experience, see actions in
context of pt. goals or plans
-proficient: adding time to experience, understands pt. situation as a whole
rather than individual parts - apply long term goals
-expert: attained mastery of an area of learning, performs clinical judgement
using ituitive analysis
What different types of data should be gathered during an
assessment? - correct Answers ✔✔ --complete (total health)
database: all health hx, physical assessment, creating database for
initial stage of care (ex: brand new pt, new hospital admit)
-focused (problem-centered) database: if pt. has specific problem (ex: rash -
do assessment/database for particular problem)
-follow-up database: on a problem to see if it's gotten better or worse (ex: if
rash pt. back, only assess to see if improved or not)
-emergency database: assessment while giving life saving measures (ex: pt.
bleeding on ground, putting pressure while asking questions about what
happend)
Describe subjective and objective data. - correct Answers ✔✔ --
subjective: data pt. gives you about themselves, something they
feel (ex: knee pain)
-objective: data collected using assessment skills (inspection, auscultation,
etc.)
Identify and set priorities. - correct Answers ✔✔ --1st level priorities:
life threatening, immediate priorities (ABCV)
-2nd level priorities: urgent needs, but won't die immediately (ex: acute pain,
abnormal potassium, low blood glucose)
-3rd level priorities: important for patient's health; interventions are long-term,
may require collaboration among HC professionals (ex: developing healthy
plan for diabetic)
Understand demographic profile of U.S. - correct Answers ✔✔ --total
population passed 321 million in 2015
-61.6% of population identified as non-Hispanic whites
-minority/emerging majority accounts for 38%
-Hispanics: largest and fastest growing group
-Blacks: second largest population
-Asians, American Indians, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians, and other
Pacific Islanders make up 3rd largest part of population
With Complete Solutions
dentify characteristics of evidence-based practice. - correct Answers
✔✔ --1850s: historical evolution of "research" evidence began w/
Florence Nightingale
-best evidence from critical review of literature (research articles)
-clinical expertise
-patient preferences
-clinical knowledge (physical assessment)
Identify characteristics of diagnostic reasoning. - correct Answers
✔✔ --attend to available cues (pick up on pieces of info pt. gives
you)
>ex: pt. alert and oriented when first came in, now confused and clammy
-formulate diagnostic hypothesis (make a guess about what is happening)
>ex: pt. diabetic, maybe low blood sugar?
-gather data relative to hypothesis
>ex: take blood sugar
-evaluate each hypothesis w/ new data collected to arrive at final diagnosis
>ex: give orange juice and food, see if blood sugar went up and plan worked
Identify characteristics of nursing process. - correct Answers ✔✔ --
Assessment: collect all info, health hx, diet assessment, risk
assessment
-Diagnosis: cluster data, identify what pt. needs are
-Outcome Identification: if pt. has impaired skin integrity, outcome is to have
reduction/healing of wound
-Planning: set timeline, specific type of dressing, reposition frequently
-Implementation: document what you do, coordinate w/ other HC workers
-evaluation: see if it is working, sometimes they don't work and need to come
up w/ different plan
, Identify characteristics of critical thinking. - correct Answers ✔✔ --
novice: starting out in learning, uses rules to guide performance
-competent: building on 2-3 years of clinical experience, see actions in
context of pt. goals or plans
-proficient: adding time to experience, understands pt. situation as a whole
rather than individual parts - apply long term goals
-expert: attained mastery of an area of learning, performs clinical judgement
using ituitive analysis
What different types of data should be gathered during an
assessment? - correct Answers ✔✔ --complete (total health)
database: all health hx, physical assessment, creating database for
initial stage of care (ex: brand new pt, new hospital admit)
-focused (problem-centered) database: if pt. has specific problem (ex: rash -
do assessment/database for particular problem)
-follow-up database: on a problem to see if it's gotten better or worse (ex: if
rash pt. back, only assess to see if improved or not)
-emergency database: assessment while giving life saving measures (ex: pt.
bleeding on ground, putting pressure while asking questions about what
happend)
Describe subjective and objective data. - correct Answers ✔✔ --
subjective: data pt. gives you about themselves, something they
feel (ex: knee pain)
-objective: data collected using assessment skills (inspection, auscultation,
etc.)
Identify and set priorities. - correct Answers ✔✔ --1st level priorities:
life threatening, immediate priorities (ABCV)
-2nd level priorities: urgent needs, but won't die immediately (ex: acute pain,
abnormal potassium, low blood glucose)
-3rd level priorities: important for patient's health; interventions are long-term,
may require collaboration among HC professionals (ex: developing healthy
plan for diabetic)
Understand demographic profile of U.S. - correct Answers ✔✔ --total
population passed 321 million in 2015
-61.6% of population identified as non-Hispanic whites
-minority/emerging majority accounts for 38%
-Hispanics: largest and fastest growing group
-Blacks: second largest population
-Asians, American Indians, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians, and other
Pacific Islanders make up 3rd largest part of population
