Social Psychology ALL TERMS List Study Guide with Complete Solutions

Social Psychology ALL TERMS List Study Guide with Complete Solutions Informational Social Influence - Answer️️ -influence resulting from one's willingness to accept other's opinions about reality Normative Social Influence - Answer️️ -influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) - Answer️️ -a theoretical model that posits two channels by which persuasive appeals lead to attitude change: a central route and a peripheral route Reciprocity - Answer️️ -idea that if you do something for someone, they owe you something in return Scapegoat Theory - Answer️️ -the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame Ethnocentrism - Answer️️ -belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group Altruism - Answer️️ -the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others Social Group - Answer️️ -a collection of people who interact with one another and have a certain feeling of unity ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Monday, August 19, 2024 12:35 AM Page 2 of 7 Norms - Answer️️ -rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members Roles - Answer️️ -the different positions in the group, each with its own set of norms Latane & Darley Study - Answer️️ -When white smoke comes in, you are much less likely to respond if there are passive confederates. Proves pluralistic ignorance- assume nothing is wrong because others seem unconcerned Sherif Study - Answer️️ -children in a summer camp were divided into two groups on an arbitrary basis and made to engage in competition with each other. This engendered intergroup hostility and dislike, which was found to be greatly reduced when a task requiring the two groups to cooperate (on superordinate goals) was introduced. Rosenthal & Jacobson Study - Answer️️ -aimed to test the existence of the Pygmalion Effect in schools. Found that those students randomly assigned to the "bloomer" group made larger gains at the end of the year than the "average" students. Zimbardo Study - Answer️️ -This social psychologist studied how people behave when they are asked to play roles, in particular as prison guards or prisoners. Out-Group Homogeneity - Answer️️ -tendency to view all individuals outside our group as highly similar ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Monday, August 19, 2024 12:35 AM Page 3 of 7 In-Group Bias - Answer️️ -tendency to favor individuals within our group over those from outside our group Dispositional Factors - Answer️️ -Personal factors of the individual being the main explanation for their behaviour Situational Factors - Answer️️ -environmental stimuli that affect a person's behavior. Superordinate Goals - Answer️️ -shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis - Answer️️ -Theory arguing that aggression is the natural reaction to frustration. Attribution Theory - Answer️️ -the theory that we tend to give a casual explanation for someone's behavior, often by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition Actor-Observer Bias - Answer️️ -The tendency to attribute other people's behavior to internal causes while attributing our own behavior (especially errors and failures) to external causes. Central Route of Persuasion - Answer️️ -the speaker uses facts, figures, and other information to enable listeners to carefully proce