ABAT EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) - Answers -connected with IDEA - students spend
as much time as possible mainstreamed in general education courses
IEP Goals and objectives - Answers -one annual goal: 3 objectives // smaller
benchmarks that the client will meet throughout the year
Individual with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - Answers -federal law passed in
1975 // required schools to provide education to eligible individuals // Purpose: FAPE -
free and public education
3 term contingency - Answers -Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence
Matching Law - Answers -intensity of reinforcement matches the intensity of the
unexpected demand
Satiation - Answers -Satisfaction "having your fill of something"
deprivation - Answers -no continuous access to item
positive reinforcement - Answers -the reinforcement of a response by the addition or
experiencing of a pleasurable stimulus
negative reinforcement - Answers -increasing the strength of a given response by
removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs
positive punishment - Answers -the administration of a stimulus to decrease the
probability of a behavior's recurring
negative punishment - Answers -A response behavior is followed immediately by the
removal of a stimulus (or a decrease in the intensity of the stimulus), that decreases the
future frequency of similar responses under similar conditions.
schedules of reinforcement - Answers -different patterns of frequency and timing of
reinforcement following desired behavior
continous reinforcement - Answers -a type of learning in which behavior is reinforced
each time it occurs
fixed interval - Answers -reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed
variable interval - Answers -reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals
fixed ratio - Answers -reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses
, variable ratio - Answers -reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of
responses
shaping - Answers -reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations
of the desired behavior
forward chaining - Answers -used when the first steps are easier than the last. Fades
prompts from first steps, then second step, and so on. Client should independently
complete the first steps and BI prompts everything else
backward chaining - Answers -most commonly used. Fade prompts from the last steps
and so on. BI prompts all the beginning steps and client should independently complete
the last steps
Types of prompting - Answers -Least to most: Postural , gestural, model , visual , verbal
, physical
response generalization - Answers -giving a response that is somewhat different from
the response originally learned to that stimulus "being able to respond with sandals,
tennis shoes, heels all in response to the SD "shoes"
stimulus generalization - Answers -the tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only
similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response "recognizing a
dog when you see it on tv , park, outside"
DTT (Discrete Trial Training) - Answers -Break skills down into smaller steps , teach
single discrete specific behaviors. Once specific behaviors are mastered we chain to get
more complex behaviors
Errorless learning - Answers -strategy that ensures the child always responds correctly
serial thinking - Answers -theory that autistic children cant process more than one piece
of information at a time
Functions of behavior - Answers -1. Sensory/Automatic Reinforcement
2. Social Attention
3. Tangibles/Access
4. Escape/Avoidance
Perservaration - Answers -behavior that is repetitive in nature, get stuck on reading he
schedule of the day over and over again
BIP (Behavior Intervention Plan) - Answers -provides proactive and reactive strategies
to problem behaviors // helps relate behavior reduction goals with objectives and
describes the plans to meet those goals
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) - Answers -connected with IDEA - students spend
as much time as possible mainstreamed in general education courses
IEP Goals and objectives - Answers -one annual goal: 3 objectives // smaller
benchmarks that the client will meet throughout the year
Individual with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - Answers -federal law passed in
1975 // required schools to provide education to eligible individuals // Purpose: FAPE -
free and public education
3 term contingency - Answers -Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence
Matching Law - Answers -intensity of reinforcement matches the intensity of the
unexpected demand
Satiation - Answers -Satisfaction "having your fill of something"
deprivation - Answers -no continuous access to item
positive reinforcement - Answers -the reinforcement of a response by the addition or
experiencing of a pleasurable stimulus
negative reinforcement - Answers -increasing the strength of a given response by
removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs
positive punishment - Answers -the administration of a stimulus to decrease the
probability of a behavior's recurring
negative punishment - Answers -A response behavior is followed immediately by the
removal of a stimulus (or a decrease in the intensity of the stimulus), that decreases the
future frequency of similar responses under similar conditions.
schedules of reinforcement - Answers -different patterns of frequency and timing of
reinforcement following desired behavior
continous reinforcement - Answers -a type of learning in which behavior is reinforced
each time it occurs
fixed interval - Answers -reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed
variable interval - Answers -reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals
fixed ratio - Answers -reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses
, variable ratio - Answers -reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of
responses
shaping - Answers -reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations
of the desired behavior
forward chaining - Answers -used when the first steps are easier than the last. Fades
prompts from first steps, then second step, and so on. Client should independently
complete the first steps and BI prompts everything else
backward chaining - Answers -most commonly used. Fade prompts from the last steps
and so on. BI prompts all the beginning steps and client should independently complete
the last steps
Types of prompting - Answers -Least to most: Postural , gestural, model , visual , verbal
, physical
response generalization - Answers -giving a response that is somewhat different from
the response originally learned to that stimulus "being able to respond with sandals,
tennis shoes, heels all in response to the SD "shoes"
stimulus generalization - Answers -the tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only
similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response "recognizing a
dog when you see it on tv , park, outside"
DTT (Discrete Trial Training) - Answers -Break skills down into smaller steps , teach
single discrete specific behaviors. Once specific behaviors are mastered we chain to get
more complex behaviors
Errorless learning - Answers -strategy that ensures the child always responds correctly
serial thinking - Answers -theory that autistic children cant process more than one piece
of information at a time
Functions of behavior - Answers -1. Sensory/Automatic Reinforcement
2. Social Attention
3. Tangibles/Access
4. Escape/Avoidance
Perservaration - Answers -behavior that is repetitive in nature, get stuck on reading he
schedule of the day over and over again
BIP (Behavior Intervention Plan) - Answers -provides proactive and reactive strategies
to problem behaviors // helps relate behavior reduction goals with objectives and
describes the plans to meet those goals
