ABO advance study guide Questions
Graded A+ With Complete Solutions!!!
When taking seg height measurements, which of the following situations could result in a
parallax error? - ANS Patient sitting/ dispenser standing erect
Which of the following is not significant in identifying the problem of vertical imbalance? - ANS
Patient's age
Which of the following elements is NOT critical when determining vertical imbalance? - ANS
Lens power in the 180 degree meridian
A prism will displace the object being viewed towards its ________. - ANS Apex
A prism will bend light towards its _______. - ANS Base
When dealing with problems of vertical imbalance which is the critical meridian of total lens? -
ANS 90
Which of the following prescriptions would pose the greatest prismatic imbalance at a reading
depth of 10mm? - ANS OD +2.50
OS -0.25 +2.50 x 090
A plus lens moved downward from the primary position will result in: - ANS Base down
prismatic effect
What is a hereditary pigmentary degeneration of the retina called which results in gradual loss
of peripheral vision? - ANS Retinitis pigmentosa
What is ocular hypertension? - ANS Elevation of pressure in the eye above the range
considered with an detectable changes in vision or damage to the structure of the eye.
or
Eye pressure can be elevated and cause damage in some eyes, but no damage in others.
Which of the following statements is false regarding corneal ulcers? Corneal ulcers can be
________. - ANS of little concern
,Approximately what percentage of humans have some alterations in lens transparency after age
65? - ANS 60%
What type of cataract is a fully developed opacity of the lens with fluid generation and swelling
of the lens volume? - ANS Hypermature
Which of the following statements is false regarding cataracts? - ANS Cataracts will only
form in the nucleus of the lens.
________ is the condition in which both eyes have equal refractive power. - ANS
Insometropia
Irregular astigmatism occurs when the principal meridians are not uniform along a major
meridian and not uniform along a meridian. They are found at some place other than 90 degree
apart. Irregular astigmatism is commonly caused by trauma surgery, or corneal dystrophy.
TRUE or FALSE - ANS True
In poor light, a person sees red light better than blue, which is why the ocular system tends to
be more myopic, i.e. twilight myopia.
TRUE or FALSE - ANS True
_______ are _____ cells that detect motion within a field. - ANS Rods-Long
The crystalline lens is the same size at birth as in an adult, however, it adds cell layers
throughout life, packing them in which makes the crystalline lens harder and is one of the
causes of presbyopia. TRUE or FALSE - ANS False
The triangular structure between the choroid and root of the iris, containing the ciliary
epithelium, stroma, and ciliary muscle is the: - ANS Ciliary body
There are 5 layers of the cornea. They are: - ANS From most anterior to posterior.
Epithelium-Bowman's Layer- Stroma- Descemet membrane- Endothelium
The refractive index of the cornea is: - ANS 1.376
The most powerful refracting medium of the eyes optical system is the cornea. There are five
layers of the cornea, each having a unique purpose and cell structure. One of the requirements
of clear vision is that the cornea ________. - ANS must remain transparent and must have
regular cell structures of all layers.
Polarized filters are made by stretching thin sheets of __________ in one meridian. - ANS
Polyvinyl alcohol
,Visible glare can be dangerous because it can not only wash out colors, but in some instances,
can cause _________. - ANS Photokeratitis
Features and benefits of Trivex include __________. - ANS Superior optics
Impact Resistant
Ultra-lightweight
What is the index of refraction of Trivex? - ANS 1.53
What is the index refraction of polycarbonate? - ANS 1.59
What company introduced CR-39 lenses? - ANS PPG industries
__________ are generally inorganic materials (metals or minerals) that are vacuum deposited
to add color on glass lenses to give a uniform density of color on the lenses. - ANS
Vacuum color coating
Glare is of more concern to which wearer? - ANS Cataract patients
_______ is better than ______ for improving contrast? - ANS Green-Gray
_______ added to any color increases contrast. - ANS Yellow
Although this may be the most popular color for sun lenses, it is not recommended for patients
with emerging cataracts. - ANS Gray
Given a high plus or high minus RX, which lens material would offer the best choice for uniform
density in sun lenses? - ANS CR-39 & Trivex
A Characteristic of a dark tinted glass lens with an RX of +4.00 SPH would be _________. -
ANS Darker in the center and lighter on the edge
If a person has exposure to sunlight at least 2 hours or more during the day, __________. - ANS
their ability to adapt to night vision is compromised if they don't protect their eyes from the sun
exposure.
Standard transmission is sun lenses should range between _________. - ANS 15% to 30%
The denser the tint in a lens, __________ - ANS the less transmission of light through the
lens.
The absorption of light in lenses is classified by two variables. What are they? - ANS Tint &
lens transmission
, Aphakia - ANS An absence of the crystalline lens of the eye (pseudophakia: having a false
lens)
Apex - ANS Thinnest edge of a prism.
Anterior - ANS front cavity or compartment of the eye, located between the cornea and
CHAMBER: crystalline lens contains the aqueous humor.
Anisometropia - ANS Condition in which the refractive error of one eye significantly differs
from that of the other.
OD -1.00 OS -2.25 or OD +1.00 OS +2.25
Aniseikonia - ANS A condition in which the ocular image of an object as seen by one eye
differs so much in size or shape from that seen by the other eye that the two images cannot be
fused into a single impression. Unequal size of retinal images.
Ametropia - ANS A refractive error in which the eye, when in a state of rest, does not focus
the image of an object upon the retina; includes "hyperopia, myopia, & astigmatism.
any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina
Ambylopia - ANS Loss of vision without any apparent disease of the eye.
Lazy eye causing other eye to lose some portions of visions.
Addition - ANS Difference in plus power between the reading & distance portions of a
multifocal lens.
Acuity - ANS Visual expression of sharpness of vision (20/20 distance j.l near)
Achromatic - ANS Descriptive of a lens capable of refracting light without creating a
rainbow effect.
without color
Currently, the two materials capable of passing the ANSI Z-87 High Impact Test are
polycarbonate and _____. - ANS Trivex
The FDA requires that impact resistance records are kept for ________. - ANS 3 years
A lensometer target indicates a lens has 2D of base up with a 5.00 prism D auxiliary prism
positioned base down. The total base up prism in the lens is __________ prism diopters - ANS
7 Prism Diopters
Graded A+ With Complete Solutions!!!
When taking seg height measurements, which of the following situations could result in a
parallax error? - ANS Patient sitting/ dispenser standing erect
Which of the following is not significant in identifying the problem of vertical imbalance? - ANS
Patient's age
Which of the following elements is NOT critical when determining vertical imbalance? - ANS
Lens power in the 180 degree meridian
A prism will displace the object being viewed towards its ________. - ANS Apex
A prism will bend light towards its _______. - ANS Base
When dealing with problems of vertical imbalance which is the critical meridian of total lens? -
ANS 90
Which of the following prescriptions would pose the greatest prismatic imbalance at a reading
depth of 10mm? - ANS OD +2.50
OS -0.25 +2.50 x 090
A plus lens moved downward from the primary position will result in: - ANS Base down
prismatic effect
What is a hereditary pigmentary degeneration of the retina called which results in gradual loss
of peripheral vision? - ANS Retinitis pigmentosa
What is ocular hypertension? - ANS Elevation of pressure in the eye above the range
considered with an detectable changes in vision or damage to the structure of the eye.
or
Eye pressure can be elevated and cause damage in some eyes, but no damage in others.
Which of the following statements is false regarding corneal ulcers? Corneal ulcers can be
________. - ANS of little concern
,Approximately what percentage of humans have some alterations in lens transparency after age
65? - ANS 60%
What type of cataract is a fully developed opacity of the lens with fluid generation and swelling
of the lens volume? - ANS Hypermature
Which of the following statements is false regarding cataracts? - ANS Cataracts will only
form in the nucleus of the lens.
________ is the condition in which both eyes have equal refractive power. - ANS
Insometropia
Irregular astigmatism occurs when the principal meridians are not uniform along a major
meridian and not uniform along a meridian. They are found at some place other than 90 degree
apart. Irregular astigmatism is commonly caused by trauma surgery, or corneal dystrophy.
TRUE or FALSE - ANS True
In poor light, a person sees red light better than blue, which is why the ocular system tends to
be more myopic, i.e. twilight myopia.
TRUE or FALSE - ANS True
_______ are _____ cells that detect motion within a field. - ANS Rods-Long
The crystalline lens is the same size at birth as in an adult, however, it adds cell layers
throughout life, packing them in which makes the crystalline lens harder and is one of the
causes of presbyopia. TRUE or FALSE - ANS False
The triangular structure between the choroid and root of the iris, containing the ciliary
epithelium, stroma, and ciliary muscle is the: - ANS Ciliary body
There are 5 layers of the cornea. They are: - ANS From most anterior to posterior.
Epithelium-Bowman's Layer- Stroma- Descemet membrane- Endothelium
The refractive index of the cornea is: - ANS 1.376
The most powerful refracting medium of the eyes optical system is the cornea. There are five
layers of the cornea, each having a unique purpose and cell structure. One of the requirements
of clear vision is that the cornea ________. - ANS must remain transparent and must have
regular cell structures of all layers.
Polarized filters are made by stretching thin sheets of __________ in one meridian. - ANS
Polyvinyl alcohol
,Visible glare can be dangerous because it can not only wash out colors, but in some instances,
can cause _________. - ANS Photokeratitis
Features and benefits of Trivex include __________. - ANS Superior optics
Impact Resistant
Ultra-lightweight
What is the index of refraction of Trivex? - ANS 1.53
What is the index refraction of polycarbonate? - ANS 1.59
What company introduced CR-39 lenses? - ANS PPG industries
__________ are generally inorganic materials (metals or minerals) that are vacuum deposited
to add color on glass lenses to give a uniform density of color on the lenses. - ANS
Vacuum color coating
Glare is of more concern to which wearer? - ANS Cataract patients
_______ is better than ______ for improving contrast? - ANS Green-Gray
_______ added to any color increases contrast. - ANS Yellow
Although this may be the most popular color for sun lenses, it is not recommended for patients
with emerging cataracts. - ANS Gray
Given a high plus or high minus RX, which lens material would offer the best choice for uniform
density in sun lenses? - ANS CR-39 & Trivex
A Characteristic of a dark tinted glass lens with an RX of +4.00 SPH would be _________. -
ANS Darker in the center and lighter on the edge
If a person has exposure to sunlight at least 2 hours or more during the day, __________. - ANS
their ability to adapt to night vision is compromised if they don't protect their eyes from the sun
exposure.
Standard transmission is sun lenses should range between _________. - ANS 15% to 30%
The denser the tint in a lens, __________ - ANS the less transmission of light through the
lens.
The absorption of light in lenses is classified by two variables. What are they? - ANS Tint &
lens transmission
, Aphakia - ANS An absence of the crystalline lens of the eye (pseudophakia: having a false
lens)
Apex - ANS Thinnest edge of a prism.
Anterior - ANS front cavity or compartment of the eye, located between the cornea and
CHAMBER: crystalline lens contains the aqueous humor.
Anisometropia - ANS Condition in which the refractive error of one eye significantly differs
from that of the other.
OD -1.00 OS -2.25 or OD +1.00 OS +2.25
Aniseikonia - ANS A condition in which the ocular image of an object as seen by one eye
differs so much in size or shape from that seen by the other eye that the two images cannot be
fused into a single impression. Unequal size of retinal images.
Ametropia - ANS A refractive error in which the eye, when in a state of rest, does not focus
the image of an object upon the retina; includes "hyperopia, myopia, & astigmatism.
any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina
Ambylopia - ANS Loss of vision without any apparent disease of the eye.
Lazy eye causing other eye to lose some portions of visions.
Addition - ANS Difference in plus power between the reading & distance portions of a
multifocal lens.
Acuity - ANS Visual expression of sharpness of vision (20/20 distance j.l near)
Achromatic - ANS Descriptive of a lens capable of refracting light without creating a
rainbow effect.
without color
Currently, the two materials capable of passing the ANSI Z-87 High Impact Test are
polycarbonate and _____. - ANS Trivex
The FDA requires that impact resistance records are kept for ________. - ANS 3 years
A lensometer target indicates a lens has 2D of base up with a 5.00 prism D auxiliary prism
positioned base down. The total base up prism in the lens is __________ prism diopters - ANS
7 Prism Diopters
