Nursing 3366 RRD #2 Altered Tissue and Cellular
Proliferation Questions With Complete Solutions
"-oma" means? Correct Answers tumor
abnormal cellular accumulations happen when? Correct
Answers substances accumulate in the cells pathologically they
can interfere with normal cellular functions and cause cell injury
acute ischemia
example? Correct Answers hypoxia to tissues from sudden lack
of blood supply
-arterial embolus
-sickle cell crisis
adaptation Correct Answers -process of accommodating to a
new situation the body is undergoing, or creating a new state to
accommodate changes in environment/situation
-can be temporary or permanent
-can be in response to:
a. physiologic conditions-- normal, as in when tissues of the
uterus enlarge and increase in pregnancy
b. pathologic conditions—abnormal, as in when high blood
pressure causes the heart to undergo enlargement because it
has to work harder to maintain cardiac output in the "face" of
more resistance.
,apoptosis Correct Answers normal death of cells
-"programed death" or cell "suicide"
arterial embolus Correct Answers clot that travels in the
arteries till it suddenly gets lodged in a smaller blood vessel
(arteriole or capillary)
distal tissues quickly become hypoxic
atrophy Correct Answers decrease or shrinkage in cellular size
chronic ischemia Correct Answers better tolerated because
tissues can adapt to some degree over time
creatine kinase (CK) Correct Answers an enzyme found in
most muscle cells (including the heart) that catalyzes
transference of phosphate groups back and forth between ADP
and ATP
define anaplasia Correct Answers condition of cells in which
they have poor cellular differentiation, losing the morphological
characteristics of mature cells and their orientation with respect
to each other and to endothelial cells
define diagnosis Correct Answers the identification of the
nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the
symptoms
, define immobility Correct Answers an alteration in mobility as
a result of an acute (recent surgery, bone fracture, pneumonia, or
new disease state) or chronic illness (sequela from a stroke/BA
or long-standing disease).
-Most disease and rehabilitative states involve some degree of
immobility.
-The longer a patient remains immobile, the greater the level of
debilitation that will occur
dysplasia? example? Correct Answers -abnormal changes in
size, shape, & organization of mature cells due to persistent,
severe cell injury or irritation
-in some resources dysplasia is not considered a true "adaptive"
process-- consider it one step beyond "adaptation," but not quite
"cancer."
-example: PAP smears can reveal dysplastic cells of cervix that
often must undergo laser-type treatment or close watching to
make sure they do not deteriorate into a cervical cancer
erythropoietin Correct Answers a hormone secreted by the
kidneys that increases the rate of production of red blood cells in
response to falling levels of oxygen in the tissues
examples of abnormal cellular accumulations? Correct Answers
-lipids: fatty liver from dz processes such as alcoholism
-urates (AKA uric acid) accumulation
Proliferation Questions With Complete Solutions
"-oma" means? Correct Answers tumor
abnormal cellular accumulations happen when? Correct
Answers substances accumulate in the cells pathologically they
can interfere with normal cellular functions and cause cell injury
acute ischemia
example? Correct Answers hypoxia to tissues from sudden lack
of blood supply
-arterial embolus
-sickle cell crisis
adaptation Correct Answers -process of accommodating to a
new situation the body is undergoing, or creating a new state to
accommodate changes in environment/situation
-can be temporary or permanent
-can be in response to:
a. physiologic conditions-- normal, as in when tissues of the
uterus enlarge and increase in pregnancy
b. pathologic conditions—abnormal, as in when high blood
pressure causes the heart to undergo enlargement because it
has to work harder to maintain cardiac output in the "face" of
more resistance.
,apoptosis Correct Answers normal death of cells
-"programed death" or cell "suicide"
arterial embolus Correct Answers clot that travels in the
arteries till it suddenly gets lodged in a smaller blood vessel
(arteriole or capillary)
distal tissues quickly become hypoxic
atrophy Correct Answers decrease or shrinkage in cellular size
chronic ischemia Correct Answers better tolerated because
tissues can adapt to some degree over time
creatine kinase (CK) Correct Answers an enzyme found in
most muscle cells (including the heart) that catalyzes
transference of phosphate groups back and forth between ADP
and ATP
define anaplasia Correct Answers condition of cells in which
they have poor cellular differentiation, losing the morphological
characteristics of mature cells and their orientation with respect
to each other and to endothelial cells
define diagnosis Correct Answers the identification of the
nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the
symptoms
, define immobility Correct Answers an alteration in mobility as
a result of an acute (recent surgery, bone fracture, pneumonia, or
new disease state) or chronic illness (sequela from a stroke/BA
or long-standing disease).
-Most disease and rehabilitative states involve some degree of
immobility.
-The longer a patient remains immobile, the greater the level of
debilitation that will occur
dysplasia? example? Correct Answers -abnormal changes in
size, shape, & organization of mature cells due to persistent,
severe cell injury or irritation
-in some resources dysplasia is not considered a true "adaptive"
process-- consider it one step beyond "adaptation," but not quite
"cancer."
-example: PAP smears can reveal dysplastic cells of cervix that
often must undergo laser-type treatment or close watching to
make sure they do not deteriorate into a cervical cancer
erythropoietin Correct Answers a hormone secreted by the
kidneys that increases the rate of production of red blood cells in
response to falling levels of oxygen in the tissues
examples of abnormal cellular accumulations? Correct Answers
-lipids: fatty liver from dz processes such as alcoholism
-urates (AKA uric acid) accumulation
