General Chemistry 2 Final Exam
Questions and Answers | Latest Version
| 2024/2025 | Graded A+
What determines the direction in which a chemical equilibrium will shift when the concentration
of one of the reactants is increased?
✔✔ The equilibrium will shift to the right, towards the formation of more products, to counteract
the increase in reactant concentration.
How can you assess the strength of an acid or base using pH and pOH values?
✔✔ The strength of an acid or base can be assessed by its pH or pOH value; strong acids have
low pH values, and strong bases have high pH values.
What is the impact of pressure changes on the equilibrium of gaseous reactions?
✔✔ Increasing the pressure will shift the equilibrium towards the side with fewer gas molecules,
while decreasing the pressure will shift it towards the side with more gas molecules.
How do you determine the presence of a precipitate in a reaction?
✔✔ The formation of a precipitate can be observed as a solid that separates out of the solution
during or after the reaction.
1
,What is the effect of adding a common ion on the solubility of a salt in solution?
✔✔ Adding a common ion decreases the solubility of the salt due to the common ion effect,
which shifts the equilibrium to the left and reduces the dissociation of the salt.
How is the rate of a reaction related to the concentration of reactants in the rate law expression?
✔✔ The rate of a reaction depends on the concentration of reactants raised to specific powers,
which are determined experimentally and reflect the reaction order with respect to each reactant.
What factors contribute to the stability of an ionic compound?
✔✔ The stability of an ionic compound is influenced by the lattice energy, which is higher for
ions with larger charges and smaller radii, leading to stronger ionic bonds.
What role does entropy play in determining the spontaneity of a reaction?
✔✔ Entropy, or disorder, contributes to spontaneity; reactions that increase entropy tend to be
more spontaneous, as the system favors higher disorder.
How does dilution affect the colligative properties of a solution?
2
, ✔✔ Dilution decreases the colligative properties, such as boiling point elevation and freezing
point depression, because the concentration of solute particles decreases.
What is the difference between an ideal gas and a real gas in terms of behavior?
✔✔ An ideal gas follows the ideal gas law perfectly with no interactions between gas molecules,
while a real gas exhibits deviations from this behavior due to intermolecular forces and the
volume occupied by the gas molecules.
What factors influence the rate of a chemical reaction aside from temperature?
✔✔ Factors influencing the rate of a chemical reaction include the concentration of reactants, the
presence of a catalyst, the surface area of reactants, and the nature of the reactants.
How do you determine the concentration of a solute in a solution using spectrophotometry?
✔✔ The concentration of a solute can be determined using spectrophotometry by measuring the
absorbance of light at a specific wavelength and applying Beer's Law, which relates absorbance
to concentration.
What is the concept of dynamic equilibrium in a chemical reaction?
3
Questions and Answers | Latest Version
| 2024/2025 | Graded A+
What determines the direction in which a chemical equilibrium will shift when the concentration
of one of the reactants is increased?
✔✔ The equilibrium will shift to the right, towards the formation of more products, to counteract
the increase in reactant concentration.
How can you assess the strength of an acid or base using pH and pOH values?
✔✔ The strength of an acid or base can be assessed by its pH or pOH value; strong acids have
low pH values, and strong bases have high pH values.
What is the impact of pressure changes on the equilibrium of gaseous reactions?
✔✔ Increasing the pressure will shift the equilibrium towards the side with fewer gas molecules,
while decreasing the pressure will shift it towards the side with more gas molecules.
How do you determine the presence of a precipitate in a reaction?
✔✔ The formation of a precipitate can be observed as a solid that separates out of the solution
during or after the reaction.
1
,What is the effect of adding a common ion on the solubility of a salt in solution?
✔✔ Adding a common ion decreases the solubility of the salt due to the common ion effect,
which shifts the equilibrium to the left and reduces the dissociation of the salt.
How is the rate of a reaction related to the concentration of reactants in the rate law expression?
✔✔ The rate of a reaction depends on the concentration of reactants raised to specific powers,
which are determined experimentally and reflect the reaction order with respect to each reactant.
What factors contribute to the stability of an ionic compound?
✔✔ The stability of an ionic compound is influenced by the lattice energy, which is higher for
ions with larger charges and smaller radii, leading to stronger ionic bonds.
What role does entropy play in determining the spontaneity of a reaction?
✔✔ Entropy, or disorder, contributes to spontaneity; reactions that increase entropy tend to be
more spontaneous, as the system favors higher disorder.
How does dilution affect the colligative properties of a solution?
2
, ✔✔ Dilution decreases the colligative properties, such as boiling point elevation and freezing
point depression, because the concentration of solute particles decreases.
What is the difference between an ideal gas and a real gas in terms of behavior?
✔✔ An ideal gas follows the ideal gas law perfectly with no interactions between gas molecules,
while a real gas exhibits deviations from this behavior due to intermolecular forces and the
volume occupied by the gas molecules.
What factors influence the rate of a chemical reaction aside from temperature?
✔✔ Factors influencing the rate of a chemical reaction include the concentration of reactants, the
presence of a catalyst, the surface area of reactants, and the nature of the reactants.
How do you determine the concentration of a solute in a solution using spectrophotometry?
✔✔ The concentration of a solute can be determined using spectrophotometry by measuring the
absorbance of light at a specific wavelength and applying Beer's Law, which relates absorbance
to concentration.
What is the concept of dynamic equilibrium in a chemical reaction?
3
