HUMAN DEVELOPMENT EXAM 1 CH 1-6
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
What does the science of human development seek to understand? - ANSWER How and why people
change over time
What is a hypothesis? - ANSWER A specific prediction that can be tested
What are the five step in the scientific method? - ANSWER Question, hypothesis, test, conclusion, and
report
The life-span takes into account development from? - ANSWER Conception to death
What is a cohort? - ANSWER All persons born within a few years of one another. (High school)
What is SES? - ANSWER Socioeconomic Status is the person's position in society as determined by
income, wealth, occupation, education, and place of residence.
Race is socially constructed. - ANSWER True
What is a Norm? - ANSWER An average, or standard measurement, calculated from the measurements
of many individuals within a specific group or population.
Skinner's study behavior is based on what conditioning? - ANSWER Operant conditioning—in which
animals do something and experience a consequence.
Pavlov's exemplifies what kind of conditioning? - ANSWER Classical conditioning- a person or animal is
conditioned to associate a neutral stimulus with a meaningful stimulus, gradually responding to the
neutral stimulus in the same way as to the meaningful one.
Reinforcement - ANSWER Consequences that increase the likelihood that a particular action will be
repeated are called reinforcers, in a process called reinforcement. (Skinner, 1953).
Social learning theory - ANSWER Even without specific reinforcement, every individual learns many
things through observation and imitation of other people. (modeling through watching people)
Observational learning - ANSWER modeling other peoples behaviors
Cognitive theory - ANSWER thoughts and expectations affect attitudes, beliefs, values, assumptions, and
actions
Piaget and assimilation - ANSWER New experiences are reinterpreted to fit into, or assimilate with old
ideas. (adapting when new experiences happen)
, Information-processing theory - ANSWER A perspective that compares human thinking to computer
bank of our mind
Toilet training - ANSWER
Sociocultural approach - ANSWER is that human development results from the dynamic interaction
between developing persons and their surrounding society.
Zygote - ANSWER The single cell formed from the union of two gametes, a sperm and an ovum.
Chromosome - ANSWER Molecules of DNA. Consists of 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs.
Genome - ANSWER The entire packet of instructions to make a living organism.
Allele - ANSWER Variation of a gene or any of the possible forms in which a gene for a particular trait can
occur.
Stem cells - ANSWER which are cells that are able to produce any other cell, to being only one kind of
cell.
23rd paid of female chromosomes - ANSWER Sex of offspring depends on whether the father's Y sperm
or X sperm fertilizes the ovum
IVF - ANSWER Involves fertilization that takes place outside a woman's body.
ART - ANSWER General term for the techniques designed to help infertile couples conceive and sustain a
pregnancy.
Human Genome Project - ANSWER Involves international effort to map the complete human genetic
code
Alcoholism - ANSWER Genes create addictive pull. Alcoholism is polygenic and culture is pivotal.
Down Syndrome - ANSWER A condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46,
with 3 rather than 2 chromosomes at the 21st site. People with Down syndrome typically have distinctive
characteristics, including unusual facial features, heart abnormalities, and language difficulties. (Also
called trisomy-21.)
Chromosomal Abnormality - ANSWER
Genetic Counseling - ANSWER relieves some worries by providing facts and helping prospective parents
discuss sensitive issues.
Natural conception implantation - ANSWER The process, beginning about 10 days after conception, in
which the developing organism burrows into the placenta that lines the uterus, where it can be
nourished and protected as it continues to develop.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
What does the science of human development seek to understand? - ANSWER How and why people
change over time
What is a hypothesis? - ANSWER A specific prediction that can be tested
What are the five step in the scientific method? - ANSWER Question, hypothesis, test, conclusion, and
report
The life-span takes into account development from? - ANSWER Conception to death
What is a cohort? - ANSWER All persons born within a few years of one another. (High school)
What is SES? - ANSWER Socioeconomic Status is the person's position in society as determined by
income, wealth, occupation, education, and place of residence.
Race is socially constructed. - ANSWER True
What is a Norm? - ANSWER An average, or standard measurement, calculated from the measurements
of many individuals within a specific group or population.
Skinner's study behavior is based on what conditioning? - ANSWER Operant conditioning—in which
animals do something and experience a consequence.
Pavlov's exemplifies what kind of conditioning? - ANSWER Classical conditioning- a person or animal is
conditioned to associate a neutral stimulus with a meaningful stimulus, gradually responding to the
neutral stimulus in the same way as to the meaningful one.
Reinforcement - ANSWER Consequences that increase the likelihood that a particular action will be
repeated are called reinforcers, in a process called reinforcement. (Skinner, 1953).
Social learning theory - ANSWER Even without specific reinforcement, every individual learns many
things through observation and imitation of other people. (modeling through watching people)
Observational learning - ANSWER modeling other peoples behaviors
Cognitive theory - ANSWER thoughts and expectations affect attitudes, beliefs, values, assumptions, and
actions
Piaget and assimilation - ANSWER New experiences are reinterpreted to fit into, or assimilate with old
ideas. (adapting when new experiences happen)
, Information-processing theory - ANSWER A perspective that compares human thinking to computer
bank of our mind
Toilet training - ANSWER
Sociocultural approach - ANSWER is that human development results from the dynamic interaction
between developing persons and their surrounding society.
Zygote - ANSWER The single cell formed from the union of two gametes, a sperm and an ovum.
Chromosome - ANSWER Molecules of DNA. Consists of 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs.
Genome - ANSWER The entire packet of instructions to make a living organism.
Allele - ANSWER Variation of a gene or any of the possible forms in which a gene for a particular trait can
occur.
Stem cells - ANSWER which are cells that are able to produce any other cell, to being only one kind of
cell.
23rd paid of female chromosomes - ANSWER Sex of offspring depends on whether the father's Y sperm
or X sperm fertilizes the ovum
IVF - ANSWER Involves fertilization that takes place outside a woman's body.
ART - ANSWER General term for the techniques designed to help infertile couples conceive and sustain a
pregnancy.
Human Genome Project - ANSWER Involves international effort to map the complete human genetic
code
Alcoholism - ANSWER Genes create addictive pull. Alcoholism is polygenic and culture is pivotal.
Down Syndrome - ANSWER A condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46,
with 3 rather than 2 chromosomes at the 21st site. People with Down syndrome typically have distinctive
characteristics, including unusual facial features, heart abnormalities, and language difficulties. (Also
called trisomy-21.)
Chromosomal Abnormality - ANSWER
Genetic Counseling - ANSWER relieves some worries by providing facts and helping prospective parents
discuss sensitive issues.
Natural conception implantation - ANSWER The process, beginning about 10 days after conception, in
which the developing organism burrows into the placenta that lines the uterus, where it can be
nourished and protected as it continues to develop.
