SCI 225
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Week 5: Respiratory Disorders
CONTENT REVIEW EXAM
©Nightingale 2024/2025
,1. Which of the following mechanisms leads to alveolar collapse
in atelectasis?
a) Decreased compliance
b) Increased lung volume
c) Surfactant deficiency
d) Bronchoconstriction
Answer: c) Surfactant deficiency
Rationale: Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli; its
deficiency can lead to alveolar collapse.
2. In the context of COPD, what is the primary pathological
change that occurs in emphysema?
a) Mucous hypersecretion
b) Airway inflammation
c) Alveolar destruction
d) Bronchospasm
Answer: c) Alveolar destruction
Rationale: Emphysema is characterized primarily by the
destruction of alveolar walls, leading to reduced surface area for gas
exchange.
©Nightingale 2024/2025
, 3. The primary cause of pulmonary embolism is:
a) Pulmonary hypertension
b) Deep vein thrombosis
c) Pneumonia
d) Asthma
Answer: b) Deep vein thrombosis
Rationale: Most pulmonary embolisms originate from blood
clots formed in the deep veins of the legs (DVT).
4. What is the primary function of the cells found in the
respiratory epithelium?
a) Hormone secretion
b) Gas exchange
c) Mucus production
d) Structural support
Answer: c) Mucus production
Rationale: Goblet cells in the respiratory epithelium produce
mucus that traps particles and pathogens.
5. Which of the following conditions is characterized by non-
caseating granulomas?
©Nightingale 2024/2025
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Week 5: Respiratory Disorders
CONTENT REVIEW EXAM
©Nightingale 2024/2025
,1. Which of the following mechanisms leads to alveolar collapse
in atelectasis?
a) Decreased compliance
b) Increased lung volume
c) Surfactant deficiency
d) Bronchoconstriction
Answer: c) Surfactant deficiency
Rationale: Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli; its
deficiency can lead to alveolar collapse.
2. In the context of COPD, what is the primary pathological
change that occurs in emphysema?
a) Mucous hypersecretion
b) Airway inflammation
c) Alveolar destruction
d) Bronchospasm
Answer: c) Alveolar destruction
Rationale: Emphysema is characterized primarily by the
destruction of alveolar walls, leading to reduced surface area for gas
exchange.
©Nightingale 2024/2025
, 3. The primary cause of pulmonary embolism is:
a) Pulmonary hypertension
b) Deep vein thrombosis
c) Pneumonia
d) Asthma
Answer: b) Deep vein thrombosis
Rationale: Most pulmonary embolisms originate from blood
clots formed in the deep veins of the legs (DVT).
4. What is the primary function of the cells found in the
respiratory epithelium?
a) Hormone secretion
b) Gas exchange
c) Mucus production
d) Structural support
Answer: c) Mucus production
Rationale: Goblet cells in the respiratory epithelium produce
mucus that traps particles and pathogens.
5. Which of the following conditions is characterized by non-
caseating granulomas?
©Nightingale 2024/2025
