NCLEX - PN Acid-Base 2024 Questions and Answers

NCLEX - PN Acid-Base 2024 Questions and Answers The nurse is assisting to admit a client with a diagnosis of acute Guillain-Barré syndrome. The nurse knows that if the disease progresses to a severe level, the client will be at risk for which acid-base imbalance? - ANS Respiratory acidosis The nurse is caring for a client with respiratory insufficiency. The arterial blood gas (ABG) results indicate a pH of 7.50 and a Pco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mm Hg), and the nurse is told that the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis. Which additional laboratory value should the nurse expect to note? - ANS A potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L (3.0 mmol/L) The nurse is caring for an adult client with respiratory distress syndrome. A review of the arterial blood gas results indicates that the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis. The nurse should then examine the results of serum electrolytes to see whether which electrolyte imbalance is present? - ANS Hypokalemia The nurse is told that the arterial blood gas (ABG) results indicate a pH of 7.50 and a Pco2 of 32 mm Hg (32 mm Hg). The nurse determines that these results are indicative of which acid-base disturbance? - ANS Respiratory alkalosis A 3-year-old child is hospitalized because of persistent vomiting. Which conditions should the nurse expect this child to be high risk for? Select all that apply. - ANS Dehydration Metabolic alkalosis A client presents to the emergency department with lethargy; deep, regular respirations; and a fruity odor to the breath. The client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results are pH of 7.25, Pco2 of 34 mm Hg, Po2 of 86 mm Hg, and HCO3- of 14 mEq/L. The nurse interprets that the client has which acid-base disturbance? - ANS Metabolic acidosis The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction. The nurse monitors the client closely for which acid-base disorder that is most likely to occur in this situation? - ANS Metabolic alkalosis The registered nurse (RN) reviews the results of the arterial blood gas (ABG) values with the licensed practical nurse (LPN) and tells the LPN that the client is experiencing respiratory acidosis. The LPN should expect to note which on the laboratory result report? - ANS pH 7.25, Pco2 50 mm Hg A client has the following laboratory values: pH of 7.55, HCO3- of 22 mm Hg, and a Pco2 of 30 mm Hg. Which action should the nurse take? - ANS Encourage the client to slow down his breathing. A client who has received sodium bicarbonate in large amounts is at risk for developing metabolic alkalosis. The nurse checks this client for which signs and symptoms characteristic of this disorder? - ANS Decreased respiratory depth and rate and dysrhythmias Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are obtained on a client with pneumonia. The ABG results are pH, 7.50; Pco2, 30 mm Hg; HCO3-, 20 mEq/L; and Po2, 75 mm Hg. The nurse interprets these results and determines that which acid-base condition exists? - ANS Respiratory alkalosis The nurse is caring for a client who is nervous and is hyperventilating. The nurse should monitor the client for signs of which acid-base imbalance? - ANS Respiratory alkalosis A client has the following laboratory values: a pH of 7.55, an HCO3- level of 22 mEq/L (22 mmol/L), and a Pco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mm Hg). Which action should the nurse plan to take? - ANS Encourage the client to slow down breathing. The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse should monitor the client for which acid-base imbalance? - ANS Respiratory acidosis A client is determined to be in respiratory alkalosis by blood gas analysis. The nurse