Summary AQA A level chemistry all Test Tube reactions

AQA A Level Chemistry - All Test-tube reactions (Inorganic and Organic)

Species: ion/ Test Positive Result Equation
Functional
Group

SO42– 1. Acidify White precipitate of SO42– (aq) + Ba2+ (aq) ⟶
with dilute BaSO4 BaSO4 (s)
HCl
2. Add BaCl

CO32– Add dilute HCl Effervescence 2 HCl + CO32–⟶ CO2(g) +
Gas produced turns H20(l) + 2Cl–
limewater cloudy

OH– Damp red litmus Turns from red to blue N/A
paper

Halide Cl– 1. Acidify White precipitate Ag+ (aq) + Cl– (aq) ⟶
ion with dilute dissolves in dilute NH3 AgCl(s)
HNO3 2. Add
Br– AgNO3 Cream precipitate Ag+ (aq) + I– (aq) ⟶ AgI(s)
3. (Add dilute dissolves in conc. NH3
NH3 (NOT with dilute)
followed
I– by conc. Yellow precipitate Ag+ (aq) + Br– (aq) ⟶
NH3) Insoluble in conc. NH3 AgBr (s)

Mg2+ In separate With OH–: white Mg2+ + 2NaOH ⟶
test-tubes: precipitate Mg(OH)2 + 2Na
• Add dilute With SO42–: No visible
NaOH change Mg2+ + SO42– ⟶ MgSO4
• Add dilute
H2SO4

Ca2+ Flame test Brick-red N/A

In separate With OH–: white Ca2+ + 2NaOH ⟶ Ca(OH)2
test-tubes: precipitate/ + 2Na
• Add dilute suspension
NaOH With SO42–: slight white Ca2+ + SO42– ⟶ CaSO4
• Add dilute precipitate
H2SO4

Sr2+ Flame Test Red N/A