Test Bank: Biology , 11th Edition by Solomon - Chapters 1-57,
9781337392938 | Rationals Included
The attempt to disprove a hypothesis is accomplished by which of the following tasks?
• conducting experiments
• making initial observations
• proposing a theory - ANSWER:conducting experiments
What is the main purpose of conducting experiments?
• proving a theory
• making initial observations
• disproving a hypothesis - ANSWER:disproving a hypothesis
A scientist observes that when she opens the back door of her house to let her cat out, the songs of a
certain species of bird abruptly change. She wants to follow up on her observations with an informal
experiment. Which of the following is the best hypothesis for explaining the birds' song changes?
• The bird species switches from song to warning call whenever it sees a potential predator.
• The bird species has a variety of songs that it sings, regardless o what is happening in its
environment.
• The scientist is mistaken and the songs do not change. - ANSWER:The bird species switches from
song to warning call whenever it sees a potential predator.
A scientist wants to test the hypothesis that a certain bird species in her back yard changes its songs
to warning calls whenever it detects the presence of a potential predator. Which of the following
most likely describes her initial observations?
• The scientist noticed that whenever she opened a door to her house, she heard birds beginning to
sing.
• Each time the scientist let her cat outside, the birds abruptly changed their songs.
• The scientist noticed that the birds only appeared at certain times of the day, always singing the
same song during those times. - ANSWER:Each time the scientist let her cat outside, the birds abruptly
changed their songs.
Which of the following lists correctly presents levels of organization from simplest to most complex?
• organs, organ systems, organelles, organisms
• biosphere, atoms, communities, organisms
• molecules, cells, populations, ecosystems - ANSWER:molecules, cells, populations, ecosystems
A scientist believes that she has found a new life form. Which of the following conditions is NOT
considered essential in determining whether the putative new life form is alive?
• The creature possesses purposeful anatomical structures that differ from one another.
• The creature's body is bilaterally symmetrical.
• The creature seems to react to being touched. - ANSWER:The creature's body is bilaterally
symmetrical.
A scientist wishes to test a new antibiotic's ability to treat stubborn bacterial infections. He tests his
hypothesis that the antibiotic works better than existing treatments by giving bacterial infections to
mice and treating them with the antibiotic. He then determines how many of the mice recover from
their infections. What is missing from his experimental design?
, • He is missing a control group of mice that received a half dose of the new antibiotic.
• He is missing a control group of mice that did not receive the new antibiotic.
• Nothing is missing. He has done everything he needs to do for this to be a successful experiment. -
ANSWER:He is missing a control group of mice that did not receive the new antibiotic.
Why are theories stronger and more reliable than hypotheses?
• we believe in them more
• they have a control group
• they are based on many experimentally tested hypotheses - ANSWER:they are based on many
experimentally tested hypotheses
A scientist discovers a putative new life form and notes that the creature's body is bilaterally
symmetrical and consequently satisfies the criteria for defining life in which of the following
categories?
• order
• growth and development
• none, symmetry is not a basic characteristic of life - ANSWER:none, symmetry is not a basic
characteristic of life
An "educated guess" as to what causes an observed phenomenon is known as a:
• theory
• hypothesis
• control - ANSWER:hypothesis
Which of the following statements correctly identifies and describes the type of covalent bond found
between oxygen and hydrogen in water molecules?
• polar covalent bonds, because hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen
• hydrogen bonds, because hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen
• polar covalent bonds, because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen - ANSWER:polar
covalent bonds, because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen
Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?
• nitrogenous base
• fatty acid
• sugar - ANSWER:fatty acid
Which of the following elements is NOT particularly associated with living things?
• nitrogen
• silicon
• oxygen - ANSWER:silicon
Water molecules have one oxygen atom that is more electronegative than the two hydrogen atoms
bound to it. As a result, which type of bonding holds water molecules together?
• non-polar covalent bonding
• polar covalent bonding
• ionic bonding - ANSWER:polar covalent bonding
The "backbones" of the macromolecules of life made of what element?
• carbon
9781337392938 | Rationals Included
The attempt to disprove a hypothesis is accomplished by which of the following tasks?
• conducting experiments
• making initial observations
• proposing a theory - ANSWER:conducting experiments
What is the main purpose of conducting experiments?
• proving a theory
• making initial observations
• disproving a hypothesis - ANSWER:disproving a hypothesis
A scientist observes that when she opens the back door of her house to let her cat out, the songs of a
certain species of bird abruptly change. She wants to follow up on her observations with an informal
experiment. Which of the following is the best hypothesis for explaining the birds' song changes?
• The bird species switches from song to warning call whenever it sees a potential predator.
• The bird species has a variety of songs that it sings, regardless o what is happening in its
environment.
• The scientist is mistaken and the songs do not change. - ANSWER:The bird species switches from
song to warning call whenever it sees a potential predator.
A scientist wants to test the hypothesis that a certain bird species in her back yard changes its songs
to warning calls whenever it detects the presence of a potential predator. Which of the following
most likely describes her initial observations?
• The scientist noticed that whenever she opened a door to her house, she heard birds beginning to
sing.
• Each time the scientist let her cat outside, the birds abruptly changed their songs.
• The scientist noticed that the birds only appeared at certain times of the day, always singing the
same song during those times. - ANSWER:Each time the scientist let her cat outside, the birds abruptly
changed their songs.
Which of the following lists correctly presents levels of organization from simplest to most complex?
• organs, organ systems, organelles, organisms
• biosphere, atoms, communities, organisms
• molecules, cells, populations, ecosystems - ANSWER:molecules, cells, populations, ecosystems
A scientist believes that she has found a new life form. Which of the following conditions is NOT
considered essential in determining whether the putative new life form is alive?
• The creature possesses purposeful anatomical structures that differ from one another.
• The creature's body is bilaterally symmetrical.
• The creature seems to react to being touched. - ANSWER:The creature's body is bilaterally
symmetrical.
A scientist wishes to test a new antibiotic's ability to treat stubborn bacterial infections. He tests his
hypothesis that the antibiotic works better than existing treatments by giving bacterial infections to
mice and treating them with the antibiotic. He then determines how many of the mice recover from
their infections. What is missing from his experimental design?
, • He is missing a control group of mice that received a half dose of the new antibiotic.
• He is missing a control group of mice that did not receive the new antibiotic.
• Nothing is missing. He has done everything he needs to do for this to be a successful experiment. -
ANSWER:He is missing a control group of mice that did not receive the new antibiotic.
Why are theories stronger and more reliable than hypotheses?
• we believe in them more
• they have a control group
• they are based on many experimentally tested hypotheses - ANSWER:they are based on many
experimentally tested hypotheses
A scientist discovers a putative new life form and notes that the creature's body is bilaterally
symmetrical and consequently satisfies the criteria for defining life in which of the following
categories?
• order
• growth and development
• none, symmetry is not a basic characteristic of life - ANSWER:none, symmetry is not a basic
characteristic of life
An "educated guess" as to what causes an observed phenomenon is known as a:
• theory
• hypothesis
• control - ANSWER:hypothesis
Which of the following statements correctly identifies and describes the type of covalent bond found
between oxygen and hydrogen in water molecules?
• polar covalent bonds, because hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen
• hydrogen bonds, because hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen
• polar covalent bonds, because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen - ANSWER:polar
covalent bonds, because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen
Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?
• nitrogenous base
• fatty acid
• sugar - ANSWER:fatty acid
Which of the following elements is NOT particularly associated with living things?
• nitrogen
• silicon
• oxygen - ANSWER:silicon
Water molecules have one oxygen atom that is more electronegative than the two hydrogen atoms
bound to it. As a result, which type of bonding holds water molecules together?
• non-polar covalent bonding
• polar covalent bonding
• ionic bonding - ANSWER:polar covalent bonding
The "backbones" of the macromolecules of life made of what element?
• carbon
