PCC 2 Exam 4 Questions & Answers
2024/2025
An older adult client is at risk for undernutrition. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to ensure
optimum nutritional intake?
a. Administering antiemetics and analgesics after meals
b. Reminding APs to allow the client to remain in bed during meals
c. Turning on the television during meals to provide distraction
d. Assisting the client with toileting and oral care prior to meals - ANSWERSd.
The appropriate intervention to ensure optimum nutritional intake in an older adult client at risk for
undernutrition is to assist the client with toileting and oral care prior to meals for comfort and to prevent
these from distracting clients from meals. Antiemetics and analgesics should be provided prior to meals.
Clients need to be free from distractions while eating. When possible, clients are placed in chairs for
eating.
How does the nurse accurately calculate a client's body mass index (BMI)? - ANSWERSBMI = weight
(kg)/height (in meters)^2
The nurse is teaching a group of clients on the complications of obesity that develop when weight is not
controlled through diet and exercise. Which lifestyle change does the nurse emphasize? (Select all that
apply.)
a. "Consume a diet that is moderate in salt and sugar and low in fats and cholesterol."
b "Begin a weight-training program for building muscle mass."
c. "Liquid dietary supplements can be substituted safely for solid food."
d. "Engage in moderate physical activity for at least 30 minutes each day."
e. "Foods eaten away from home tend to be higher in fat than foods made at home."
f. "Eat a variety of foods, especially grain products, vegetables, and fruits." - ANSWERSa, d, e, f
, Lifestyle changes the nurse emphasizes include consuming a diet that is moderate in salt and sugar and
low in fats and cholesterol, and moderate physical activity for at least 30 minutes each day. Eating a
variety of foods, especially grain products, vegetables, and fruits, helps people achieve weight loss.
These are foods that "burn" more calories as they are metabolized. Many foods eaten away from home
tend to be higher in fat than foods prepared at home.A weight-training program for building muscle
mass does not need to be included in a weight loss program. Muscle weighs more and tends to increase
weight in people who weight-train. Liquid dietary supplements cannot safely be substituted for solid
food while attempting to lose weight. These types of liquid diets should be carefully supervised by a
health care provider with special education in weight management.
The nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving an intravenous fat emulsion (IVFE) nutritional
supplement. What action does the nurse take after reviewing the client's laboratory report, and seeing
an increase in triglycerides? (Select all that apply.)
a. Document the findings and continues to monitor.
b. Discontinue the IVFE infusion.
c. Slow the rate of flow of the IVFE infusion.
d. Offer small bites of oral foods.
e. Notify the health care provider. - ANSWERSb, e
If a client receiving an IVFE nutritional supplement develops fever, increased triglycerides, clotting
problems, or symptoms of multi-system organ failure, the nurse must discontinue the IVFE and notify the
HCP. These symptoms may indicate fat overload syndrome, especially in a critically ill patient.Only
documenting the findings and continuing to monitor could have serious repercussions for this client.
Slowing the rate of flow of the IVFE infusion, or offering small bites of oral foods, can also present a
serious safety risk.
What is sarcopenia and what causes it? - ANSWERSDefined as: Age related muscle atrophy
Four Primary Causes:
1.Senescent musculoskeletal changes
2.Accumulation of chronic disease and medications to treat
3. Disuse Atrophy - most significant and easiest to address
2024/2025
An older adult client is at risk for undernutrition. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to ensure
optimum nutritional intake?
a. Administering antiemetics and analgesics after meals
b. Reminding APs to allow the client to remain in bed during meals
c. Turning on the television during meals to provide distraction
d. Assisting the client with toileting and oral care prior to meals - ANSWERSd.
The appropriate intervention to ensure optimum nutritional intake in an older adult client at risk for
undernutrition is to assist the client with toileting and oral care prior to meals for comfort and to prevent
these from distracting clients from meals. Antiemetics and analgesics should be provided prior to meals.
Clients need to be free from distractions while eating. When possible, clients are placed in chairs for
eating.
How does the nurse accurately calculate a client's body mass index (BMI)? - ANSWERSBMI = weight
(kg)/height (in meters)^2
The nurse is teaching a group of clients on the complications of obesity that develop when weight is not
controlled through diet and exercise. Which lifestyle change does the nurse emphasize? (Select all that
apply.)
a. "Consume a diet that is moderate in salt and sugar and low in fats and cholesterol."
b "Begin a weight-training program for building muscle mass."
c. "Liquid dietary supplements can be substituted safely for solid food."
d. "Engage in moderate physical activity for at least 30 minutes each day."
e. "Foods eaten away from home tend to be higher in fat than foods made at home."
f. "Eat a variety of foods, especially grain products, vegetables, and fruits." - ANSWERSa, d, e, f
, Lifestyle changes the nurse emphasizes include consuming a diet that is moderate in salt and sugar and
low in fats and cholesterol, and moderate physical activity for at least 30 minutes each day. Eating a
variety of foods, especially grain products, vegetables, and fruits, helps people achieve weight loss.
These are foods that "burn" more calories as they are metabolized. Many foods eaten away from home
tend to be higher in fat than foods prepared at home.A weight-training program for building muscle
mass does not need to be included in a weight loss program. Muscle weighs more and tends to increase
weight in people who weight-train. Liquid dietary supplements cannot safely be substituted for solid
food while attempting to lose weight. These types of liquid diets should be carefully supervised by a
health care provider with special education in weight management.
The nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving an intravenous fat emulsion (IVFE) nutritional
supplement. What action does the nurse take after reviewing the client's laboratory report, and seeing
an increase in triglycerides? (Select all that apply.)
a. Document the findings and continues to monitor.
b. Discontinue the IVFE infusion.
c. Slow the rate of flow of the IVFE infusion.
d. Offer small bites of oral foods.
e. Notify the health care provider. - ANSWERSb, e
If a client receiving an IVFE nutritional supplement develops fever, increased triglycerides, clotting
problems, or symptoms of multi-system organ failure, the nurse must discontinue the IVFE and notify the
HCP. These symptoms may indicate fat overload syndrome, especially in a critically ill patient.Only
documenting the findings and continuing to monitor could have serious repercussions for this client.
Slowing the rate of flow of the IVFE infusion, or offering small bites of oral foods, can also present a
serious safety risk.
What is sarcopenia and what causes it? - ANSWERSDefined as: Age related muscle atrophy
Four Primary Causes:
1.Senescent musculoskeletal changes
2.Accumulation of chronic disease and medications to treat
3. Disuse Atrophy - most significant and easiest to address
