BIO 250 Final Exam Exam 2024
Questions and Answers
A pure culture
n n
A) is sterile.
n n
B) is a population of identical cells.
n n n n n n
C) is made of a precisely defined chemical medium.
n n n n n n n n
D) contains one microbial cell. - answer-b
n n n n n n
Microbial cells first evolved on Earth approximately ________ _______ years ago.
n n n n n n n n n n
A) 1.6 to 1.8 million
n n n n
B) 7.0 to 7.2 million
n n n n
C) 3.8 to 3.9 billion
n n n n
D) 10.5 to 11.5 billion
n n n n
E) None of the above - answer-c
n n n n n n
Predict how Pasteur's conclusions on spontaneous generation with swan flasks
n n n n n n n n n
would have changed if he worked with and maintained the flasks in a laminar flow
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
hood (where the air is sterile).
n n n n n
A) Sterilization of the swan flask solutions would not have been necessary to reject
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
spontaneous generation. If he did sterilize the flasks, the spontaneous generation
n n n n n n n n n n
hypothesis would have been supported. n n n n
B) His incubation times would not have been sufficient to refute spontaneous
n n n n n n n n n n n
generation.
C) Pasteur's flasks never would have putrefied, and the experiment would not have
n n n n n n n n n n n n
refuted spontaneous generation.
n n
D) Viruses would have still been present, and his conclusion would have been
n n n n n n n n n n n n
unchanged. - answer-c n n
,Of the structures listed below, which one is found in the outer most membrane of a
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Gram-negative cell? n
A) Ribosomes
n
B) The peptidoglycan layer
n n n
C) The periplasm
n n
D) LPS (lipopolysaccharide) layer - answer-d
n n n n n
Gram-positive bacteria stain _____ with a Gram stain reaction because they have a
n n n n n n n n n n n n
__________ peptidoglycan layer than Gram-negative bacteria.
n n n n n
A) red / thinner
n n n
B) purple/ thinner
n n
C) purple / thicker
n n n
D) red / thicker - answer-c
n n n n n
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
n n n n n n
A) Flagella allow bacteria to glide
n n n n n
B) Flagella allow bacteria to swim
n n n n n
C) The directed movement of bacterial cells in response to a gradient of a chemical,
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
is called chemotaxis
n n
D) A and C are correct
n n n n n
E) B and C are correct - answer-e
n n n n n n n
Electron microscopy has _________ ________ than light microscopy, because the
n n n n n n n n n
wavelengths of electrons are much ___________ than the wavelength of visible light.
n n n n n n n n n n n
A) higher resolution/smaller
n n
B) lower magnification/larger
n n
C) higher resolution/larger
n n
D) lower resolution/smaller - answer-a
n n n n
Which of the following statements are false:
n n n n n n
A) Poly-β-alkanoates (PHA) such as poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) are carbon- and
n n n n n n n n n
, energy-storing polymers that can be used to produce biodegradable plastics.
n n n n n n n n n
B) A major function of prokaryotic gas vesicles is to confer buoyancy on cells by
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
decreasing their density n n
C) A major function of the cytoplasmic membrane in prokaryotes is to act as a
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
permeability barrier. n
D) Scanning electron microscopy can be used to visualize the different layers of the
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
cell membrane(s) and cell wall - answer-d
n n n n n n
Beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin n n n n
A) interfere with chromosome replication
n n n n
B) prevent the transpeptidase from cross-linking two glycan chains in the
n n n n n n n n n n
peptidoglycan layer of a growing cell wall n n n n n n
C) prevent the cytoplasmic membrane from forming
n n n n n n
D) cannot penetrate the cell - answer-b
n n n n n n
From the standpoint of the microorganism, in glycolysis the useful product(s) are
n n n n n n n n n n n
A) Anabolic intermediates
n n
B) ATP
n
C) Fermentation products such as lactic acid and ethanol
n n n n n n n n
D) Both (A) and (B)
n n n n
E) (A), (B), and (C) - answer-d
n n n n n n
During respiration electrons from the __________ of substrates are used to ________
n n n n n n n n n n n
a terminal electron acceptor that is either oxygen (aerobic respiration) or some other
n n n n n n n n n n n n
inorganic compound (anaerobic respiration)
n n n
A) reduction / oxidize
n n n
B) transport / degrade
n n n
C) oxidation / reduce
n n n
D) none of the above - answer-c
n n n n n n
Which intermediate compound(s) in the citric acid cycle is/are often used for
n n n n n n n n n n n
Questions and Answers
A pure culture
n n
A) is sterile.
n n
B) is a population of identical cells.
n n n n n n
C) is made of a precisely defined chemical medium.
n n n n n n n n
D) contains one microbial cell. - answer-b
n n n n n n
Microbial cells first evolved on Earth approximately ________ _______ years ago.
n n n n n n n n n n
A) 1.6 to 1.8 million
n n n n
B) 7.0 to 7.2 million
n n n n
C) 3.8 to 3.9 billion
n n n n
D) 10.5 to 11.5 billion
n n n n
E) None of the above - answer-c
n n n n n n
Predict how Pasteur's conclusions on spontaneous generation with swan flasks
n n n n n n n n n
would have changed if he worked with and maintained the flasks in a laminar flow
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
hood (where the air is sterile).
n n n n n
A) Sterilization of the swan flask solutions would not have been necessary to reject
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
spontaneous generation. If he did sterilize the flasks, the spontaneous generation
n n n n n n n n n n
hypothesis would have been supported. n n n n
B) His incubation times would not have been sufficient to refute spontaneous
n n n n n n n n n n n
generation.
C) Pasteur's flasks never would have putrefied, and the experiment would not have
n n n n n n n n n n n n
refuted spontaneous generation.
n n
D) Viruses would have still been present, and his conclusion would have been
n n n n n n n n n n n n
unchanged. - answer-c n n
,Of the structures listed below, which one is found in the outer most membrane of a
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Gram-negative cell? n
A) Ribosomes
n
B) The peptidoglycan layer
n n n
C) The periplasm
n n
D) LPS (lipopolysaccharide) layer - answer-d
n n n n n
Gram-positive bacteria stain _____ with a Gram stain reaction because they have a
n n n n n n n n n n n n
__________ peptidoglycan layer than Gram-negative bacteria.
n n n n n
A) red / thinner
n n n
B) purple/ thinner
n n
C) purple / thicker
n n n
D) red / thicker - answer-c
n n n n n
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
n n n n n n
A) Flagella allow bacteria to glide
n n n n n
B) Flagella allow bacteria to swim
n n n n n
C) The directed movement of bacterial cells in response to a gradient of a chemical,
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
is called chemotaxis
n n
D) A and C are correct
n n n n n
E) B and C are correct - answer-e
n n n n n n n
Electron microscopy has _________ ________ than light microscopy, because the
n n n n n n n n n
wavelengths of electrons are much ___________ than the wavelength of visible light.
n n n n n n n n n n n
A) higher resolution/smaller
n n
B) lower magnification/larger
n n
C) higher resolution/larger
n n
D) lower resolution/smaller - answer-a
n n n n
Which of the following statements are false:
n n n n n n
A) Poly-β-alkanoates (PHA) such as poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) are carbon- and
n n n n n n n n n
, energy-storing polymers that can be used to produce biodegradable plastics.
n n n n n n n n n
B) A major function of prokaryotic gas vesicles is to confer buoyancy on cells by
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
decreasing their density n n
C) A major function of the cytoplasmic membrane in prokaryotes is to act as a
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
permeability barrier. n
D) Scanning electron microscopy can be used to visualize the different layers of the
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
cell membrane(s) and cell wall - answer-d
n n n n n n
Beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin n n n n
A) interfere with chromosome replication
n n n n
B) prevent the transpeptidase from cross-linking two glycan chains in the
n n n n n n n n n n
peptidoglycan layer of a growing cell wall n n n n n n
C) prevent the cytoplasmic membrane from forming
n n n n n n
D) cannot penetrate the cell - answer-b
n n n n n n
From the standpoint of the microorganism, in glycolysis the useful product(s) are
n n n n n n n n n n n
A) Anabolic intermediates
n n
B) ATP
n
C) Fermentation products such as lactic acid and ethanol
n n n n n n n n
D) Both (A) and (B)
n n n n
E) (A), (B), and (C) - answer-d
n n n n n n
During respiration electrons from the __________ of substrates are used to ________
n n n n n n n n n n n
a terminal electron acceptor that is either oxygen (aerobic respiration) or some other
n n n n n n n n n n n n
inorganic compound (anaerobic respiration)
n n n
A) reduction / oxidize
n n n
B) transport / degrade
n n n
C) oxidation / reduce
n n n
D) none of the above - answer-c
n n n n n n
Which intermediate compound(s) in the citric acid cycle is/are often used for
n n n n n n n n n n n
