2024/2025 MICROBIOLOGY
LABORATORY EXAM QUIZ 1
Diplococcus - ANSWER>>>Round bacterium that typically occurs in pairs of two joined cells
Examples include Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria spp.
Coccobacillus - ANSWER>>>Intermediate shape between coccus and bacillus
Examples include Haemophilus influenzae and Chlamydia trachomatis.
Streptococci - ANSWER>>>Aggregation of coccoid bacteria that appear as bead-like chains
An example of this is Streptococcus spp
Staphylococci - ANSWER>>>Aggregations of coccoid baceria that appear as grape-like clusters
Example of this is Staphylococcus spp.
Antigen in cell wall of G+ bacteria - ANSWER>>>Lipoteichoic acid
Induces TNF and IL-1
Peptidoglycan structure and function - ANSWER>>>Sugar backbone with peptide chains cross-linked by
transpeptidase
Provides rigid support and protects against osmotic pressure
Periplasm - ANSWER>>>Space between inner and outer membranes in G- bacteria
Bacterial ribosomal subunits - ANSWER>>>50S and 30S = 70S
Glycocalyx - ANSWER>>>Loose network of polysaccharides that mediates adherence to surfaces,
especially foreign surfaces such as indwelling catheters.
Role of capsule in bacteria - ANSWER>>>Prevent phagocytosis by immune cells
Quellung reaction - ANSWER>>>Capsular antigens are species specific. Antibody attachment to the
capsule causes the capsule to swell. This is a useful method of bacterial identification called the quellung
reaction.
Spore forming bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>Bacillus
Clostridium
Coxiella
Bacteria reproduction method - ANSWER>>>Binary fission, exhibiting exponential growth
, Stages of bacterial growth - ANSWER>>>Lag phase (no division)
Log phase (rapid division)
Stationary phase
Death phase
Bacterial method of ATP generation - ANSWER>>>ETC via proton gradient across cell membrane (no
mitochondria = no mitochondrial membrane)
Obligate aerobic bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>Nagging Pests Must Breathe:
Nocardia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Bordetella pertussis
Obligate anaerobic bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>anaerobes Frankly Can't Breathe Air:
Fusobacterium
Clostridium
Bacteroides
Actinomyces
Siderophores - ANSWER>>>Bacterial proteins that procure iron for bacterial use
Urease-positive bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>"CHuck Norris hates PUNKSS"
Cryptococcus
H. pylori
Proteus
Ureaplasma
Nocardia
Klebsiella
S. epidermidis
S. saprophyticus
Catalase-positive bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>Cats Need PLACESS to hide
Nocardia
Pseudomonas
LABORATORY EXAM QUIZ 1
Diplococcus - ANSWER>>>Round bacterium that typically occurs in pairs of two joined cells
Examples include Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria spp.
Coccobacillus - ANSWER>>>Intermediate shape between coccus and bacillus
Examples include Haemophilus influenzae and Chlamydia trachomatis.
Streptococci - ANSWER>>>Aggregation of coccoid bacteria that appear as bead-like chains
An example of this is Streptococcus spp
Staphylococci - ANSWER>>>Aggregations of coccoid baceria that appear as grape-like clusters
Example of this is Staphylococcus spp.
Antigen in cell wall of G+ bacteria - ANSWER>>>Lipoteichoic acid
Induces TNF and IL-1
Peptidoglycan structure and function - ANSWER>>>Sugar backbone with peptide chains cross-linked by
transpeptidase
Provides rigid support and protects against osmotic pressure
Periplasm - ANSWER>>>Space between inner and outer membranes in G- bacteria
Bacterial ribosomal subunits - ANSWER>>>50S and 30S = 70S
Glycocalyx - ANSWER>>>Loose network of polysaccharides that mediates adherence to surfaces,
especially foreign surfaces such as indwelling catheters.
Role of capsule in bacteria - ANSWER>>>Prevent phagocytosis by immune cells
Quellung reaction - ANSWER>>>Capsular antigens are species specific. Antibody attachment to the
capsule causes the capsule to swell. This is a useful method of bacterial identification called the quellung
reaction.
Spore forming bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>Bacillus
Clostridium
Coxiella
Bacteria reproduction method - ANSWER>>>Binary fission, exhibiting exponential growth
, Stages of bacterial growth - ANSWER>>>Lag phase (no division)
Log phase (rapid division)
Stationary phase
Death phase
Bacterial method of ATP generation - ANSWER>>>ETC via proton gradient across cell membrane (no
mitochondria = no mitochondrial membrane)
Obligate aerobic bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>Nagging Pests Must Breathe:
Nocardia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Bordetella pertussis
Obligate anaerobic bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>anaerobes Frankly Can't Breathe Air:
Fusobacterium
Clostridium
Bacteroides
Actinomyces
Siderophores - ANSWER>>>Bacterial proteins that procure iron for bacterial use
Urease-positive bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>"CHuck Norris hates PUNKSS"
Cryptococcus
H. pylori
Proteus
Ureaplasma
Nocardia
Klebsiella
S. epidermidis
S. saprophyticus
Catalase-positive bacteria examples - ANSWER>>>Cats Need PLACESS to hide
Nocardia
Pseudomonas
