NURS 485 (PUBLIC HEALTH): ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING
EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ELABORATIONS!!
An instructor is discussing the worldwide distribution of AIDS. Which term would
the instructor use to describe this situation?
A) Epidemic
B) Pandemic
C) Endemic
D) Pathogenicity
Answers :Answer: Pandemic
Rationale: Pandemic is the term used to describe an epidemic that is distributed
worldwide. An epidemic refers to a disease occurrence that clearly exceeds the
normal or expected frequency in a community or region. Endemic is used to
describe the continuing presence of a disease or infectious agent in a given
geographic area. Pathogenicity refers to an agent's capacity to cause disease in a
host.
After a class describing the contributions of Florence Nightingale to epidemiology,
the instructor determines that the class needs additional instruction when they state
which of the following is associated with Nightingale?
A) Establishment of the need for a clean environment
B) A sophisticated coding system for medical conditions
C) Proper wound cleansing and bandaging techniques
D) Separation of infected individuals from those injured
,Answers :Answer: A sophisticated coding system for medical conditions
Rationale: Nightingale's colleague, William Farr, is credited for developing a more
sophisticated system for coding medical conditions. Nightingale's contributions
included establishing the need for a clean environment, properly cleaning wounds
and bandaging them, and separating infected soldiers from those who were injured.
When applying the epidemiologic triad model to a community's plan of care, which
of the following would the community health nurse address?
A) Incidence, prevalence, and case fatality
B) Health, illness, and injury
C) Host, agent, and environment
D) Immunity, causation, and risk
Answers :Answer: host, agent, and environment
Rationale: The purpose of this model is to demonstrate the relationship among
host, agent, and environment. Each component has to be present to a certain degree
in order for any disease, illness, or injury to exist or happen. If one component is
missing, illness or
,injury will not occur. Incidence, prevalence, case fatality, health, illness, injury,
immunity, causation, and risk are terms used in epidemiology but do not refer to
the epidemiologic triad model.
Which of the following would the community health nurse identify as a key
component of the host?
A) Infectivity
B) Antigenicity
C) Virulence
D) Inherent resistance
Answers :Answer: inherent resistance
Rationale: The host, a susceptible human or animal, can sometimes have an ability
to resist pathogens. This is called inherent resistance. Infectivity, antigenicity, and
virulence arecharacteristics of the agent.
Which of the following statements apply to the concept of causality? Select all that
apply.
A) Causality is the relationship between cause and effect.
B) The chain of causation is the most recent theory of causality.
C) The web of causation theory is the most recent theory of causality. D) The chain
of causation clearly explains causation in noninfectious disease.
E) Epidemiology has changed its view of causality over time.
Answers :Answers:
-Casuality is the relationship between cause and effect
, -The web of causation theory is the most recent theory of casuality
- Epidemiology has changed its view of casuality over time
Feedback: Causality is the relationship between cause and effect. The web of
causation theory is the most recent theory of causality. Epidemiology has changed
its view of causality over time. The chain of causation was the first theory of
causality. The chain of causation could not sufficiently explain causation in
noninfectious disease because the chain of causation is too linear.
A community health nurse is explaining the chain of causation to a family that
includes a child who has developed Lyme disease. The nurse correctly describes
the opening in the child's skin caused by the actual tick bite as the
A) reservoir.
B) mode of transmission.
C) portal of entry.
D) host.
Answers :Answer: Portal of entry
Rationale: The opening in the child's skin caused by the actual tick bite is the portal
of entry in the chain of causation. The mode of transmission would be the tick
EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ELABORATIONS!!
An instructor is discussing the worldwide distribution of AIDS. Which term would
the instructor use to describe this situation?
A) Epidemic
B) Pandemic
C) Endemic
D) Pathogenicity
Answers :Answer: Pandemic
Rationale: Pandemic is the term used to describe an epidemic that is distributed
worldwide. An epidemic refers to a disease occurrence that clearly exceeds the
normal or expected frequency in a community or region. Endemic is used to
describe the continuing presence of a disease or infectious agent in a given
geographic area. Pathogenicity refers to an agent's capacity to cause disease in a
host.
After a class describing the contributions of Florence Nightingale to epidemiology,
the instructor determines that the class needs additional instruction when they state
which of the following is associated with Nightingale?
A) Establishment of the need for a clean environment
B) A sophisticated coding system for medical conditions
C) Proper wound cleansing and bandaging techniques
D) Separation of infected individuals from those injured
,Answers :Answer: A sophisticated coding system for medical conditions
Rationale: Nightingale's colleague, William Farr, is credited for developing a more
sophisticated system for coding medical conditions. Nightingale's contributions
included establishing the need for a clean environment, properly cleaning wounds
and bandaging them, and separating infected soldiers from those who were injured.
When applying the epidemiologic triad model to a community's plan of care, which
of the following would the community health nurse address?
A) Incidence, prevalence, and case fatality
B) Health, illness, and injury
C) Host, agent, and environment
D) Immunity, causation, and risk
Answers :Answer: host, agent, and environment
Rationale: The purpose of this model is to demonstrate the relationship among
host, agent, and environment. Each component has to be present to a certain degree
in order for any disease, illness, or injury to exist or happen. If one component is
missing, illness or
,injury will not occur. Incidence, prevalence, case fatality, health, illness, injury,
immunity, causation, and risk are terms used in epidemiology but do not refer to
the epidemiologic triad model.
Which of the following would the community health nurse identify as a key
component of the host?
A) Infectivity
B) Antigenicity
C) Virulence
D) Inherent resistance
Answers :Answer: inherent resistance
Rationale: The host, a susceptible human or animal, can sometimes have an ability
to resist pathogens. This is called inherent resistance. Infectivity, antigenicity, and
virulence arecharacteristics of the agent.
Which of the following statements apply to the concept of causality? Select all that
apply.
A) Causality is the relationship between cause and effect.
B) The chain of causation is the most recent theory of causality.
C) The web of causation theory is the most recent theory of causality. D) The chain
of causation clearly explains causation in noninfectious disease.
E) Epidemiology has changed its view of causality over time.
Answers :Answers:
-Casuality is the relationship between cause and effect
, -The web of causation theory is the most recent theory of casuality
- Epidemiology has changed its view of casuality over time
Feedback: Causality is the relationship between cause and effect. The web of
causation theory is the most recent theory of causality. Epidemiology has changed
its view of causality over time. The chain of causation was the first theory of
causality. The chain of causation could not sufficiently explain causation in
noninfectious disease because the chain of causation is too linear.
A community health nurse is explaining the chain of causation to a family that
includes a child who has developed Lyme disease. The nurse correctly describes
the opening in the child's skin caused by the actual tick bite as the
A) reservoir.
B) mode of transmission.
C) portal of entry.
D) host.
Answers :Answer: Portal of entry
Rationale: The opening in the child's skin caused by the actual tick bite is the portal
of entry in the chain of causation. The mode of transmission would be the tick
