OMM COMPREHENSIVE COMLEX
STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
How do you name rotation SD of a vertebral body? - ANSWER From a point on the anterior/superior
surface - in relation to the body below it
Somatic dysfunctions are always named for ___? - ANSWER Freedom of motion
Diagnosis of SD? - ANSWER TART: Requires 2 of the 4 (except tenderness doesn't count)
- tenderness
- asymmetry
- restricted ROM
- tissue texture change
(- sensitivity)
Differentiate TART in acute vs. chronic SD. - ANSWER Acute T = edema, boggy, MUSCLES HYPERTONIC
vs
Chronic T = no edema, cool dry skin, DECREASED MUSCLE TONE, ropy
Acute A = present
Chronic A = present with compensation in other areas of the body
Acute R = present & painful with movement
Chronic R = present & decreased or no pain
Acute T = severe/sharp
Chronic T = dull, achy, burning
,Define hysteresis - ANSWER To lag or come behind ("stress-strain")
The time between elasticity & creep
Unloading takes longer than loading (CT moves more slowly back to its original shape)
Define creep - ANSWER The capacity of fascia and other tissues to lengthen when under constant
tension (accommodate the new tension) so there is less resistance to a second load; eventually they
loose the ability to "bounce back"
Anatomic barrier is the limit to what motion? Physiologic barrier is the limit to what motion? - ANSWER
Passive; Active
Define elastic barrier - ANSWER Barrier between anatomic & physiologic
In what plane and axis do these motions occur:
1) Flexion/Extension
2) Rotation
3) Sidebending - ANSWER 1) Sagittal, transverse
2) Transverse (horizontal), vertical
3) Coronal, AP
Define vertebral unit - ANSWER Includes 2 adjacent vertebrae and their associated disk, arthrodial,
ligamentous, muscular, vascular, lymphatic and neural elements
When do we use Fryette's principles? What are they? - ANSWER ONLY used for lumbar & thoracic
vertebra to define physiologic motion
Principle 1 = Type 1 SD: opposite SB/R, neutral, 2 or more segments, postural & maintained by long
restrictors
Principle 2 = Type 2 SD: same side SB/R, flexed or extended, 1 segment only, traumatic & maintained by
short restrictors
,Principle 3 = inducing motion in one plane reduces motion in the other 2 planes
What are the superior articular facet orientations? - ANSWER "BUM BUL BUM"
Cervical: backwards/upwards/medial
Thoracic: backwards/upwards/lateral
Lumbar:
backwards, upwards, medial
Where are SNS & PSNS autonomics found? - ANSWER SNS: T1-L2 (NOT L3-L5)
PSNS: CN III, VII, IX, X (OA & cervicals) and S2-4 (pelvic splanchnics)
VS Reflexes for head & neck, appendix, and cervix? - ANSWER Head & neck: T1-4
Appendix: T12
Cervix: PSNS only S2-4
VS reflexes for heart, lungs, stomach? - ANSWER Heart: T1-5
Lungs: T1-6
Stomach: T5-8
VS reflexes for adrenals, KUB, ovary, uterus, testicle? - ANSWER Adrenals: T10
KUB: T10-1
Ovary: T9-10
Uterus: T10-1
Testicle: T9-10 & L1-2
VS reflexes for arms, legs, prostate, epididymis, adrenal medulla? - ANSWER Arms: T2-8
Legs: T11-2
Prostate: L1-2
, Epididymis: T9-10 & L1-2
Adrenal medulla: T10
Which organs have only PSNS VS? Only SNS? - ANSWER Cervix (S2-4) = PSNS only
Arms, legs, ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, prostate = SNS only
The greater splanchnic nerve and lesser splanchnic nerves are associated with which VS reflex organs
(including levels)? - ANSWER Greater splanchnic: Upper GI T5-9 (stomach, liver, GB, spleen, part of
pancreas, duodenum)
Lesser splanchnic: Middle GI T10-11 (pancreas, jejeunum, ileum, ascending colon, proximal 2/3
transverse colon aka R colon) and Lower GI (distal 1/3 T colon, DC, sigmoid colon aka L colon, rectum),
and Appendix (T12)
The celiac ganglion is associated with which VS reflex organs (including levels)? Levels? - ANSWER Celiac
ganglion: Upper GI (stomach, liver, GB, spleen, part of pancreas, duodenum)
T5-9
The superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric ganglia are associated with which VS reflex organs
(including levels)? - ANSWER SMG: Small intestine below duodenum, right colon, kidneys, adrenals,
gonads.
T10-11
IMG: Left colon, bladder, fallopian tubes, uterus.
T12-L2
What nerves supply PSNS viscera above & below the diaphragm? - ANSWER Vagus above & Pelvic
splanchnics below
Describe the PSNS innervation of the GI system. - ANSWER Vagus: entire SI + AC + proximal 2/3 TC.
Pelvis splanchnics: distal 1/3 TC to rectum.
STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
How do you name rotation SD of a vertebral body? - ANSWER From a point on the anterior/superior
surface - in relation to the body below it
Somatic dysfunctions are always named for ___? - ANSWER Freedom of motion
Diagnosis of SD? - ANSWER TART: Requires 2 of the 4 (except tenderness doesn't count)
- tenderness
- asymmetry
- restricted ROM
- tissue texture change
(- sensitivity)
Differentiate TART in acute vs. chronic SD. - ANSWER Acute T = edema, boggy, MUSCLES HYPERTONIC
vs
Chronic T = no edema, cool dry skin, DECREASED MUSCLE TONE, ropy
Acute A = present
Chronic A = present with compensation in other areas of the body
Acute R = present & painful with movement
Chronic R = present & decreased or no pain
Acute T = severe/sharp
Chronic T = dull, achy, burning
,Define hysteresis - ANSWER To lag or come behind ("stress-strain")
The time between elasticity & creep
Unloading takes longer than loading (CT moves more slowly back to its original shape)
Define creep - ANSWER The capacity of fascia and other tissues to lengthen when under constant
tension (accommodate the new tension) so there is less resistance to a second load; eventually they
loose the ability to "bounce back"
Anatomic barrier is the limit to what motion? Physiologic barrier is the limit to what motion? - ANSWER
Passive; Active
Define elastic barrier - ANSWER Barrier between anatomic & physiologic
In what plane and axis do these motions occur:
1) Flexion/Extension
2) Rotation
3) Sidebending - ANSWER 1) Sagittal, transverse
2) Transverse (horizontal), vertical
3) Coronal, AP
Define vertebral unit - ANSWER Includes 2 adjacent vertebrae and their associated disk, arthrodial,
ligamentous, muscular, vascular, lymphatic and neural elements
When do we use Fryette's principles? What are they? - ANSWER ONLY used for lumbar & thoracic
vertebra to define physiologic motion
Principle 1 = Type 1 SD: opposite SB/R, neutral, 2 or more segments, postural & maintained by long
restrictors
Principle 2 = Type 2 SD: same side SB/R, flexed or extended, 1 segment only, traumatic & maintained by
short restrictors
,Principle 3 = inducing motion in one plane reduces motion in the other 2 planes
What are the superior articular facet orientations? - ANSWER "BUM BUL BUM"
Cervical: backwards/upwards/medial
Thoracic: backwards/upwards/lateral
Lumbar:
backwards, upwards, medial
Where are SNS & PSNS autonomics found? - ANSWER SNS: T1-L2 (NOT L3-L5)
PSNS: CN III, VII, IX, X (OA & cervicals) and S2-4 (pelvic splanchnics)
VS Reflexes for head & neck, appendix, and cervix? - ANSWER Head & neck: T1-4
Appendix: T12
Cervix: PSNS only S2-4
VS reflexes for heart, lungs, stomach? - ANSWER Heart: T1-5
Lungs: T1-6
Stomach: T5-8
VS reflexes for adrenals, KUB, ovary, uterus, testicle? - ANSWER Adrenals: T10
KUB: T10-1
Ovary: T9-10
Uterus: T10-1
Testicle: T9-10 & L1-2
VS reflexes for arms, legs, prostate, epididymis, adrenal medulla? - ANSWER Arms: T2-8
Legs: T11-2
Prostate: L1-2
, Epididymis: T9-10 & L1-2
Adrenal medulla: T10
Which organs have only PSNS VS? Only SNS? - ANSWER Cervix (S2-4) = PSNS only
Arms, legs, ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, prostate = SNS only
The greater splanchnic nerve and lesser splanchnic nerves are associated with which VS reflex organs
(including levels)? - ANSWER Greater splanchnic: Upper GI T5-9 (stomach, liver, GB, spleen, part of
pancreas, duodenum)
Lesser splanchnic: Middle GI T10-11 (pancreas, jejeunum, ileum, ascending colon, proximal 2/3
transverse colon aka R colon) and Lower GI (distal 1/3 T colon, DC, sigmoid colon aka L colon, rectum),
and Appendix (T12)
The celiac ganglion is associated with which VS reflex organs (including levels)? Levels? - ANSWER Celiac
ganglion: Upper GI (stomach, liver, GB, spleen, part of pancreas, duodenum)
T5-9
The superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric ganglia are associated with which VS reflex organs
(including levels)? - ANSWER SMG: Small intestine below duodenum, right colon, kidneys, adrenals,
gonads.
T10-11
IMG: Left colon, bladder, fallopian tubes, uterus.
T12-L2
What nerves supply PSNS viscera above & below the diaphragm? - ANSWER Vagus above & Pelvic
splanchnics below
Describe the PSNS innervation of the GI system. - ANSWER Vagus: entire SI + AC + proximal 2/3 TC.
Pelvis splanchnics: distal 1/3 TC to rectum.
