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response time - ANSWER-Also known asExecution Time. The total time required for the computer to
complete a task, including disk accesses, memory accesses, I/O activities, operating system overhead,
CPU execution time, and so on.
execution time - ANSWER-Also known as Response Time. The total time required for the computer to
complete a task, including disk accesses, memory accesses, I/O activities, operating system overhead,
CPU execution time, and so on.
throughput - ANSWER-Also know as Bandwidth. The number of tasks completed per unit time.
bandwidth - ANSWER-Also known as Throughput. The number of tasks completed per unit time.
CPU execution time - ANSWER-The actual time the CPU spends computing for a specific task.
user CPU time - ANSWER-The CPU time spent in a program itself.
system CPU time - ANSWER-The CPU time spent in the operating system performing tasks on behalf of
the program.
system performance - ANSWER-The overall capability and efficiency of a computer system in carrying
out various tasks and workloads.
CPU performance - ANSWER-The measurement of a computer's processor's ability to execute tasks and
processes effectively and efficiently.
clock rate - ANSWER-The time for one clock period, usually of the processor clock, which runs at a
constant rate.
clock period - ANSWER-The length of each clock cycle.
,CPI - ANSWER-Average number of clock cycles per instruction for a program or program fragment.
instruction count - ANSWER-The number of instructions executed by the program.
instruction mix - ANSWER-A measure of the dynamic frequency of instructions across one or many
programs.
IPC - ANSWER-A metric used to measure the efficiency and performance of a computer's central
processing unit. The opposite of CPI.
fields - ANSWER-A machine instruction is composed of fields, each field having several bits and
representing some part of the instruction.
instruction format - ANSWER-A form of representation of an instruction composed of fields of binary
numbers
machine language - ANSWER-Binary representation used for communication within a computer system.
hexadecimal - ANSWER-Numbers in base 16.
opcode - ANSWER-The field that denotes the operation and format of an instruction.
destination register - ANSWER-A register that receives the result of an operation
stored program concept - ANSWER-Programs are stored in memory along with data
scientific notation - ANSWER-A notation that renders numbers with a single digit to the left of the
decimal point.
, normalized - ANSWER-A number in floating-point notation that has no leading 0s.
floating point - ANSWER-Computer arithmetic that represents numbers in which the binary point is not
fixed.
fraction - ANSWER-The value, generally between 0 and 1, placed in the fraction field. The fraction is also
called the mantissa.
exponent - ANSWER-In the numerical representation system of floating-point arithmetic, the value that
is placed in the exponent field.
floating point representation - ANSWER-A method used in computer systems to store and manipulate
real numbers
overflow - ANSWER-A situation in which a positive exponent becomes too large to fit in the exponent
field.
underflow - ANSWER-A situation in which a negative exponent becomes too large to fit in the exponent
field.
single precision - ANSWER-A floating-point value represented in a 32-bit word.
double precision - ANSWER-A floating-point value represented in a 64-bit doubleword.
exception - ANSWER-Also known as an interrupt. An unscheduled event that disrupts program
execution; used to detect overflow.
interrupt - ANSWER-Also known as an exception. An unscheduled event that disrupts program
execution; used to detect overflow.
NaN - ANSWER-Not a Number. the result of invalid operations