Nur2474 Pharmacology Final Exam Correct-
Rasmussen
estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women - ANSWER women take due to
vaginal dryness, hot flashes, painful sex, prevent bone loss when older
risks associated with hormonal replacement therapy - ANSWER breast and cancer
development, risk of blood clots, bone loss, risk of fractures, cardiovascular disease
penicillin and aminoglycosides interaction - ANSWER pencillin may react with
aminoglycosides and cause it to be less effective in treating infection. Do NOT
combine these antibiotics in same IV solution
Side effects of steroids - ANSWER SHORT TERM
o Insomnia
o Mood alterations or Psychosis
o GI upset
o Increased appetite/weight gain
o Fluid retention
o Hyperglycemia
o Hypokalemia
LONG TERM
o Hyperglycemia
o Osteoporosis
o Thin skin, easy bruising, poor wound healing
o Rare: HTN, PUD, AVN, Allergic reaction
o Adrenal suppression if > 4 courses/year
TMP-SMZ - ANSWER trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
combination drug
-treat a variety of bacterial infections
-UTIs, ear infections, pneumonia
how to protect kidneys - ANSWER drink lots of water
when to take diuretics - ANSWER in the morning
Diuretics Side Effects - ANSWER increased urination, dehydration, increased
thirst, weakness, and impotence.
, Antacids - ANSWER neutralize the acids in the stomach
affect acid level, have a lot of interaction so need to take a few hours apart from
other meds
Cimetidine - ANSWER type of antihistamine that blocks the release of stomach
acid.
used to treat stomach or intestinal ulcers
can relieve ulcer pain and discomfort and heartburn from acid reflux
Naloxone (Narcan) - ANSWER opiate antagonist (antidote), reverses opioid
induced resiratory depression
Signs of overdose - ANSWER Slow breathing, blue lips and finger tips, cold damp
skin, shaking, vomiting and gurgling noises
education with anti-effectives (antibiotic, antifungal) - ANSWER make sure patient
goes through whole course of treatment, go beyond "feeling better", still continue
taking at least a week to get it all out
Antibiotics and C. diff - ANSWER c-diff often happens after another infection. New
onset diarrhea.
what antibiotics can be given with CDIFF - ANSWER vancomycin and
metronidazole (flagyl)
Warfarin - ANSWER Anticoagulant, works later and takes longer to work, better for
long-term use, PT/INR levels, hematocrit, hemoglobin
Warfarin antidote - ANSWER Vitamin K
INR (therapeutic) - ANSWER 2-3 seconds
PT (therapeutic) - ANSWER 16-31 seconds
Heparin - ANSWER Indication for DVT, short,rapid response and this med is first
choice treatmentenhances antithrombin, rapid-acting anticoagulant, aPTT level
aPTT therapeutic range - ANSWER 60-80 seconds
Heparin antidote - ANSWER protamine sulfate
Long term steroid use - ANSWER delayed wound healing, impaired immune
system, osteroporosis
nitroglycerin and pde5 inhibitors (erectyle dysfunction drugs) - ANSWER DO NOT
TAKE TOGETHER
Glipizide - ANSWER oral diabetic medicine for type 2 diabetes
Alcohol and glipizide - ANSWER AVOID, do not drink alcohol with this medication
Rasmussen
estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women - ANSWER women take due to
vaginal dryness, hot flashes, painful sex, prevent bone loss when older
risks associated with hormonal replacement therapy - ANSWER breast and cancer
development, risk of blood clots, bone loss, risk of fractures, cardiovascular disease
penicillin and aminoglycosides interaction - ANSWER pencillin may react with
aminoglycosides and cause it to be less effective in treating infection. Do NOT
combine these antibiotics in same IV solution
Side effects of steroids - ANSWER SHORT TERM
o Insomnia
o Mood alterations or Psychosis
o GI upset
o Increased appetite/weight gain
o Fluid retention
o Hyperglycemia
o Hypokalemia
LONG TERM
o Hyperglycemia
o Osteoporosis
o Thin skin, easy bruising, poor wound healing
o Rare: HTN, PUD, AVN, Allergic reaction
o Adrenal suppression if > 4 courses/year
TMP-SMZ - ANSWER trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
combination drug
-treat a variety of bacterial infections
-UTIs, ear infections, pneumonia
how to protect kidneys - ANSWER drink lots of water
when to take diuretics - ANSWER in the morning
Diuretics Side Effects - ANSWER increased urination, dehydration, increased
thirst, weakness, and impotence.
, Antacids - ANSWER neutralize the acids in the stomach
affect acid level, have a lot of interaction so need to take a few hours apart from
other meds
Cimetidine - ANSWER type of antihistamine that blocks the release of stomach
acid.
used to treat stomach or intestinal ulcers
can relieve ulcer pain and discomfort and heartburn from acid reflux
Naloxone (Narcan) - ANSWER opiate antagonist (antidote), reverses opioid
induced resiratory depression
Signs of overdose - ANSWER Slow breathing, blue lips and finger tips, cold damp
skin, shaking, vomiting and gurgling noises
education with anti-effectives (antibiotic, antifungal) - ANSWER make sure patient
goes through whole course of treatment, go beyond "feeling better", still continue
taking at least a week to get it all out
Antibiotics and C. diff - ANSWER c-diff often happens after another infection. New
onset diarrhea.
what antibiotics can be given with CDIFF - ANSWER vancomycin and
metronidazole (flagyl)
Warfarin - ANSWER Anticoagulant, works later and takes longer to work, better for
long-term use, PT/INR levels, hematocrit, hemoglobin
Warfarin antidote - ANSWER Vitamin K
INR (therapeutic) - ANSWER 2-3 seconds
PT (therapeutic) - ANSWER 16-31 seconds
Heparin - ANSWER Indication for DVT, short,rapid response and this med is first
choice treatmentenhances antithrombin, rapid-acting anticoagulant, aPTT level
aPTT therapeutic range - ANSWER 60-80 seconds
Heparin antidote - ANSWER protamine sulfate
Long term steroid use - ANSWER delayed wound healing, impaired immune
system, osteroporosis
nitroglycerin and pde5 inhibitors (erectyle dysfunction drugs) - ANSWER DO NOT
TAKE TOGETHER
Glipizide - ANSWER oral diabetic medicine for type 2 diabetes
Alcohol and glipizide - ANSWER AVOID, do not drink alcohol with this medication
