AANP EXAM, PRACTICE EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST
2024 ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
90 % renal, 10% hepatic, need supplementation when GFR is less than 49 - ANSWER-Erythropoetin
In health, make up 1-2 % of total RBCs, increased in response to anema. Absence of reticulocytosis or
presence of reticulocytopenia shows inadequate bone marrow response. - ANSWER-Reticulocytes
normal is 12 for females and 15 for males. Ratio to hematocrit is 1:3 - ANSWER-Hemoglobin
determines red blood cell size - normal is 80-96 - ANSWER-MCV
reflects hgb content and color, normal is 31-37 - ANSWER-MCH
variation of RBC size - normal is 11.5-15% - ANSWER-RDW
acute blood loss, anemia of chronic disease - ANSWER-Normocytic, normochromic , normal RDW
Iron deficiency anemia - ANSWER-Microcytic, hypochromic anemia, elevated RDW
alpha or beta thalassemia minor - ANSWER-Microcytic, hypochromic, normal RDW
Vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, pernicious anemia - ANSWER-Macrocytic, normochromic,
elevated RDW
use of medications like tegretol, AZT, depakote, dilantin, alcohol - ANSWER-Macrocytosis without
anemia
Hemic murmur - ANSWER-Heart murmur seen in b12 deficiency
,S. pneumoniae - ANSWER-Most common pathogen in CAP, ABRS, AOM
H. influenzae, more than 30% now pcn resistant via beta lactamase production - ANSWER-Common
pathogen in ABRS, AOM, CAP particularly with recurrent infections and tobacco use
Augmentin 500/125 TID or 875/125 BID - ANSWER-First line treatment for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
Augmentin 2000/125 BID or doxy 100 mg BID or 200 mg QD - ANSWER-Second line treatment for Acute
Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
Doxy, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin - ANSWER-Treatment for ABRS if allergic to PCN, Cephalosporins
Doxy, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin - ANSWER-Treatment for ABRS if antibiotic resistance of failed initial
therapy
slowly progressive hearing loss that is symmetric and high frequency - ANSWER-Presbycusis
Intranasal corticosteriods like Flonase, Nasonex, Nasacort, Omnaris. Side effects are that nasal irritation
and bleeding may occur. Optimal efficacy may take 1-2 weeks. - ANSWER-1st line controller therapy in
allergic rhinitis
Nasal antihistamines, esp if there is nasal congestion. sedation could occur. Drugs like astelin, Astepro,
and patanase - ANSWER-1st line rescue treatment in allergic rhinitis
significant potential to cause sedation and anticholinergic effects so not a first line therapy. Ex. benadryl,
chlor trimeton, dimetapp, vistaril. - ANSWER-1st generation oral antihistamines
These are preferred over because no anticholinergic effects but not as helpful with nasal congestion. Ex.
claritin, clarinex, zyrtec, allergra - ANSWER-2nd generation oral antihistamines
, alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive. Take caution with the elderly, young children, HTN,
bladder neck obstruction, glaucoma, and hyperthyroidism. Ex. sudafed - ANSWER-Oral decongestants
Alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive. Can cause rebound congestion/medicamentosa so limit
use to 5-7 days. - ANSWER-Nasal decongestants
reduce runny nose because of drying action. No effect on other nasal symptoms. Dryness can occur. Ex..
Atrovent - ANSWER-Intranasal anticholinergics
deeply cupped optic disc because of increase intraocular pressure than pushes the optic disc
backwards., acute, painful - ANSWER-Found on fundoscopic exam of person with angle-closure
glaucoma
screening test for macular problems. - ANSWER-Amsler grid
measurement of intraoccular pressure, screen for glaucoma - ANSWER-Tonometry
Hardening of the lens, close vision problems, adults over 45 - ANSWER-Presbyopia
lens clouding, progressive vision dimming, distance vision problems, close vision usually retained and
often improves. Risk factors are tobacco use, poor nutrition, sun exposure, systemic corticosteriod
therapy. Potentially correctable with surgery. - ANSWER-Senile cataracts
Painless, gradual onset of increased intraocular pressure leading to optic atrophy. Causes a loss of
peripheral vision if not treated. Avoidable with appropriate and ongoing intervention. more than 80% of
all glaucoma. Treat with topical miotics, beta blockers, or surgery - ANSWER-Open-angle glaucoma
sudden increases in intraocular pressure. Usually unilateral, painful, red eye, halos around lights, eyeball
firm when compare to other. Immediate referral to opthmalogy - ANSWER-Angle closure glaucoma
thickening sclerotic changes in retinal basement membrane complex. Causes painless changes in vision
including distortion of central vision. On fundo exam will see drusen (soft yellow deposits in macular
region). Risk factors are tobacco use, sun exposure. No treatment available for dry form. Laser
2024 ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
90 % renal, 10% hepatic, need supplementation when GFR is less than 49 - ANSWER-Erythropoetin
In health, make up 1-2 % of total RBCs, increased in response to anema. Absence of reticulocytosis or
presence of reticulocytopenia shows inadequate bone marrow response. - ANSWER-Reticulocytes
normal is 12 for females and 15 for males. Ratio to hematocrit is 1:3 - ANSWER-Hemoglobin
determines red blood cell size - normal is 80-96 - ANSWER-MCV
reflects hgb content and color, normal is 31-37 - ANSWER-MCH
variation of RBC size - normal is 11.5-15% - ANSWER-RDW
acute blood loss, anemia of chronic disease - ANSWER-Normocytic, normochromic , normal RDW
Iron deficiency anemia - ANSWER-Microcytic, hypochromic anemia, elevated RDW
alpha or beta thalassemia minor - ANSWER-Microcytic, hypochromic, normal RDW
Vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, pernicious anemia - ANSWER-Macrocytic, normochromic,
elevated RDW
use of medications like tegretol, AZT, depakote, dilantin, alcohol - ANSWER-Macrocytosis without
anemia
Hemic murmur - ANSWER-Heart murmur seen in b12 deficiency
,S. pneumoniae - ANSWER-Most common pathogen in CAP, ABRS, AOM
H. influenzae, more than 30% now pcn resistant via beta lactamase production - ANSWER-Common
pathogen in ABRS, AOM, CAP particularly with recurrent infections and tobacco use
Augmentin 500/125 TID or 875/125 BID - ANSWER-First line treatment for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
Augmentin 2000/125 BID or doxy 100 mg BID or 200 mg QD - ANSWER-Second line treatment for Acute
Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
Doxy, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin - ANSWER-Treatment for ABRS if allergic to PCN, Cephalosporins
Doxy, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin - ANSWER-Treatment for ABRS if antibiotic resistance of failed initial
therapy
slowly progressive hearing loss that is symmetric and high frequency - ANSWER-Presbycusis
Intranasal corticosteriods like Flonase, Nasonex, Nasacort, Omnaris. Side effects are that nasal irritation
and bleeding may occur. Optimal efficacy may take 1-2 weeks. - ANSWER-1st line controller therapy in
allergic rhinitis
Nasal antihistamines, esp if there is nasal congestion. sedation could occur. Drugs like astelin, Astepro,
and patanase - ANSWER-1st line rescue treatment in allergic rhinitis
significant potential to cause sedation and anticholinergic effects so not a first line therapy. Ex. benadryl,
chlor trimeton, dimetapp, vistaril. - ANSWER-1st generation oral antihistamines
These are preferred over because no anticholinergic effects but not as helpful with nasal congestion. Ex.
claritin, clarinex, zyrtec, allergra - ANSWER-2nd generation oral antihistamines
, alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive. Take caution with the elderly, young children, HTN,
bladder neck obstruction, glaucoma, and hyperthyroidism. Ex. sudafed - ANSWER-Oral decongestants
Alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive. Can cause rebound congestion/medicamentosa so limit
use to 5-7 days. - ANSWER-Nasal decongestants
reduce runny nose because of drying action. No effect on other nasal symptoms. Dryness can occur. Ex..
Atrovent - ANSWER-Intranasal anticholinergics
deeply cupped optic disc because of increase intraocular pressure than pushes the optic disc
backwards., acute, painful - ANSWER-Found on fundoscopic exam of person with angle-closure
glaucoma
screening test for macular problems. - ANSWER-Amsler grid
measurement of intraoccular pressure, screen for glaucoma - ANSWER-Tonometry
Hardening of the lens, close vision problems, adults over 45 - ANSWER-Presbyopia
lens clouding, progressive vision dimming, distance vision problems, close vision usually retained and
often improves. Risk factors are tobacco use, poor nutrition, sun exposure, systemic corticosteriod
therapy. Potentially correctable with surgery. - ANSWER-Senile cataracts
Painless, gradual onset of increased intraocular pressure leading to optic atrophy. Causes a loss of
peripheral vision if not treated. Avoidable with appropriate and ongoing intervention. more than 80% of
all glaucoma. Treat with topical miotics, beta blockers, or surgery - ANSWER-Open-angle glaucoma
sudden increases in intraocular pressure. Usually unilateral, painful, red eye, halos around lights, eyeball
firm when compare to other. Immediate referral to opthmalogy - ANSWER-Angle closure glaucoma
thickening sclerotic changes in retinal basement membrane complex. Causes painless changes in vision
including distortion of central vision. On fundo exam will see drusen (soft yellow deposits in macular
region). Risk factors are tobacco use, sun exposure. No treatment available for dry form. Laser
