BIOD-151-module-2
exam
Study questions and answers
1. Identify
Gross anatomy? study of organs and structures visible to the naked
eye
lung has 3 lobes? right lung
Hilum root of lung, where pulmonary vessels and bronchi enter each
lung
what are the three main portions of the respiratory system
conducting portion, filtration portion, respiratory portion
major aspects of the conducting portion nostrils, pharynx, larynx,
trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
major aspects of the filtration portion nostrils (hair and mucous),
trachea and bronchi (mucous and cilia)
major aspects of the respiratory portion respiratory bronchioles,
alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli
pleura membranes that cover the lungs and surrounding tissues
pleura functions facilitate movement of lungs, enclose lungs and
pleural cavity, reduce friction and create negative pressure
environment
visceral pleura covers the lungs
parietal pleura covers surfaces surrounding the lungs
pleural space helps to pull open the lungs, normally empty except for
a small amount of healthy fluid
what are the 3 main functions of the respiratory system
(anatomical organization) air conduction, air filtration, exchange of
gases aka respiration
parts of the pharynx nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
nasopharynx connects to the nasal cavity
, oropharynx behind the oral cavity and in front of the epiglottis
laryngopharynx both food and air pass through, where the pharynx,
larynx and esophagus meet
eustachian tubes connect the nasopharynx to each middle ear
nasal conchae responsible for warming and moistening air
what is needed to avoid aspiration when swallowing the larynx
rises and the epiglottis retreats back and down closing the entrance to
the trachea
why does the soft palate raise when swallowing prevents food or
liquid from entering the nasal cavity
what is the glottis an entrance to the larynx where the vocal cords
exist
major histology type found in the respiratory system ciliated
pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
what is the bottom of the epithelium in the respiratory tract
called? basement membrane
why are the cells called "columnar"? they are taller than they are
wide
where can you find stratified squamous epithelium vestibule of
nose
pulmonary surfactant lines the alveoli and keeps them open
Lamina Propria very base of basement membrane
Type 1 alveolar cells 95% of alveolar epithelium, forms thin simple
squamous layer, where gas exchange occurs
Type 2 alveolar cells produce and secrete pulmonary surfactant, can
divide to replace type 1 cells
alveolar macrophages NOT a true alveolar cell, digest bacteria and
migrate toward cilia to be expectorated
histology study of cellular anatomy of tissues
what cell is most abundant in the alveoli alveolar macrophages
where do air and food pass thorugh? Oropharynx
exam
Study questions and answers
1. Identify
Gross anatomy? study of organs and structures visible to the naked
eye
lung has 3 lobes? right lung
Hilum root of lung, where pulmonary vessels and bronchi enter each
lung
what are the three main portions of the respiratory system
conducting portion, filtration portion, respiratory portion
major aspects of the conducting portion nostrils, pharynx, larynx,
trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
major aspects of the filtration portion nostrils (hair and mucous),
trachea and bronchi (mucous and cilia)
major aspects of the respiratory portion respiratory bronchioles,
alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli
pleura membranes that cover the lungs and surrounding tissues
pleura functions facilitate movement of lungs, enclose lungs and
pleural cavity, reduce friction and create negative pressure
environment
visceral pleura covers the lungs
parietal pleura covers surfaces surrounding the lungs
pleural space helps to pull open the lungs, normally empty except for
a small amount of healthy fluid
what are the 3 main functions of the respiratory system
(anatomical organization) air conduction, air filtration, exchange of
gases aka respiration
parts of the pharynx nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
nasopharynx connects to the nasal cavity
, oropharynx behind the oral cavity and in front of the epiglottis
laryngopharynx both food and air pass through, where the pharynx,
larynx and esophagus meet
eustachian tubes connect the nasopharynx to each middle ear
nasal conchae responsible for warming and moistening air
what is needed to avoid aspiration when swallowing the larynx
rises and the epiglottis retreats back and down closing the entrance to
the trachea
why does the soft palate raise when swallowing prevents food or
liquid from entering the nasal cavity
what is the glottis an entrance to the larynx where the vocal cords
exist
major histology type found in the respiratory system ciliated
pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
what is the bottom of the epithelium in the respiratory tract
called? basement membrane
why are the cells called "columnar"? they are taller than they are
wide
where can you find stratified squamous epithelium vestibule of
nose
pulmonary surfactant lines the alveoli and keeps them open
Lamina Propria very base of basement membrane
Type 1 alveolar cells 95% of alveolar epithelium, forms thin simple
squamous layer, where gas exchange occurs
Type 2 alveolar cells produce and secrete pulmonary surfactant, can
divide to replace type 1 cells
alveolar macrophages NOT a true alveolar cell, digest bacteria and
migrate toward cilia to be expectorated
histology study of cellular anatomy of tissues
what cell is most abundant in the alveoli alveolar macrophages
where do air and food pass thorugh? Oropharynx
