NURS 316 Exam 2 Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
Theory ✅- abstract, conceptual series of true statements
- account for or explain some phenomenon
Grand theories ✅- broadest scope
- most abstract
- apply to all nursing activities
- difficult to test, less relevant to ebp
Mid-range theories ✅- narrower scope
- bridge between grand theories and practice
Practice theories ✅- most narrow scope
- least abstract
Conceptual models ✅- less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories
- deal with abstractions
Qualitative research ✅- description research
Phenomenological research ✅- focuses on the lived experiences of humans
- main data source is in depth conversations with a small number of participants who
have experienced a phenomena
- descriptive vs. Interpretive
Descriptive phenomenology ✅- describes human experience
- narrative data analysis, descriptive themes
Interviewing skills ✅- ask open ended, non-leading questions
- use appropriate validation statements
- allow silences
Interpretive phenomenology ✅- not only describes but interprets experience
- narrative data analysis, interpretive themes
Grounded theory research ✅- seeks to understand key social psychological processes
Grounded theory analysis ✅- focus is on understanding a central concern
- a basic social process explains how people come to resolve the problem or concern
, Ethnographic research ✅- focuses on the patterns and lifeways of a cultural group
- describes and interprets a culture and cultural behavior
*culture guides the way people structure their experiences
*emic perspective
*participant observation
Emic perspective ✅- an insiders view
Steps in analyzing qualitative data ✅1) identify key words and phrases
2) identify initial codes
3) continue until final themes identified
*codes describe theme in more detail
Constant comparison analysis ✅- take knowledge from previous interview and use it in
the next interview
- try to come up with the theoretical framework
Focus group interviews ✅- interviews in small groups
- led by a moderator
Life histories ✅- narrative self-descriptions of life experiences
- often a chronology
Critical incident interviews ✅- focuses on specific incidents that had a discernible
impact on some outcome
Think aloud method ✅- means of collecting data about cognitive processes as they
unfold
Ex: clinical decision making
Sampling considerations for qualitative research ✅- "representativeness" not a key
issue
- random selection not used
- finding people with typical experience
- no formal sample size criteria
Methods of qualitative sampling ✅- snowball
- purposive
- theoretical
Snowball sampling ✅- have participants help recruit other participants
Purposive sampling ✅- research seeks and invites qualified participants
and Correct Answers
Theory ✅- abstract, conceptual series of true statements
- account for or explain some phenomenon
Grand theories ✅- broadest scope
- most abstract
- apply to all nursing activities
- difficult to test, less relevant to ebp
Mid-range theories ✅- narrower scope
- bridge between grand theories and practice
Practice theories ✅- most narrow scope
- least abstract
Conceptual models ✅- less formal attempt to explain phenomena than theories
- deal with abstractions
Qualitative research ✅- description research
Phenomenological research ✅- focuses on the lived experiences of humans
- main data source is in depth conversations with a small number of participants who
have experienced a phenomena
- descriptive vs. Interpretive
Descriptive phenomenology ✅- describes human experience
- narrative data analysis, descriptive themes
Interviewing skills ✅- ask open ended, non-leading questions
- use appropriate validation statements
- allow silences
Interpretive phenomenology ✅- not only describes but interprets experience
- narrative data analysis, interpretive themes
Grounded theory research ✅- seeks to understand key social psychological processes
Grounded theory analysis ✅- focus is on understanding a central concern
- a basic social process explains how people come to resolve the problem or concern
, Ethnographic research ✅- focuses on the patterns and lifeways of a cultural group
- describes and interprets a culture and cultural behavior
*culture guides the way people structure their experiences
*emic perspective
*participant observation
Emic perspective ✅- an insiders view
Steps in analyzing qualitative data ✅1) identify key words and phrases
2) identify initial codes
3) continue until final themes identified
*codes describe theme in more detail
Constant comparison analysis ✅- take knowledge from previous interview and use it in
the next interview
- try to come up with the theoretical framework
Focus group interviews ✅- interviews in small groups
- led by a moderator
Life histories ✅- narrative self-descriptions of life experiences
- often a chronology
Critical incident interviews ✅- focuses on specific incidents that had a discernible
impact on some outcome
Think aloud method ✅- means of collecting data about cognitive processes as they
unfold
Ex: clinical decision making
Sampling considerations for qualitative research ✅- "representativeness" not a key
issue
- random selection not used
- finding people with typical experience
- no formal sample size criteria
Methods of qualitative sampling ✅- snowball
- purposive
- theoretical
Snowball sampling ✅- have participants help recruit other participants
Purposive sampling ✅- research seeks and invites qualified participants
