EDF6222 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2024/2025 GRADED A+.

mental illness: Moore reviewed how some of the very first human applicationsof operant conditioning actually derived from those diagnosed with a 2. mentalistic, unobservable: Tradition viewpoints to serving the mentally ill ofteninvolve explanations of causes(such as malfunctionsof the body) that are only inferred by observable behavior. In other words, mental illnesses are caused by something inside the person - an underlying pathology muchlike we consider with other medical conditions caused by bacteria or virus.From the viewpoint of behavior analysis, of course, the root cause is the interaction with the environment. 3. positive: The best explanation to why therapy works sometimes is we all want reinforcement 4. staff, coercive: A lot of clinical work related to behavior problems that take place in institutional settings are facilitated mostly for the benefit of and are unaware of the overuse of measures. 5. administrative procedures, time-out, pain, outcome: Reform in institutions tends to fail because interventions typically rely on physical facilities and admin-istrative procedures. Misuse of reinforcement tends to utilize socially contrived .This intervention is essentially a procedure and has been a widely accepted form of attempted punishment because it instills no ; however, as Sidman eloquently stated, "The cruelty lies less in themethod than in ", (p. 259.) 6. natural: Contrived deprivation should not be confused with states of deprivation. For example, when working with a person on skill acquisitionin which food is a strong reinforcer, we would be careful to schedule training timeslong after a meal or shortly before a 3 / 5 scheduled meal. In this example, we are not contriving hunger - it is a natural occurrence. 7. appropriate, coercive: Once arrested and put in jail, the chances for re- peat offense is great because, as discussed, our "rehabilitative" institutions donot rehabilitate. In other words, behaviors are not shaped, as measures do not provide reinforcement of adaptable skills. At- tempts have failed at rehabilitation due to this misunderstanding of how appropriaterepertoires are shaped. 8. stimulus, coercive: Smith,Visher, and Davidson (1984) asserted that policing re- quires discretionary implementation ofthe law.The authors continued that execution has been a provocative topic since its inception (far older than the concept of race).The stature of powerthat one in uniform exerts over a citizen is a that confounds the relationship between citizen and officer. As Zimbardo (2007) elabo- rated (regarding his famous Stanford prison experiments in 1971), "good" people can become agents of evil and innocent bystanders can succumb to a victimstatus rather quickly. Examples such as the Stanford prison experiments support the nature that exists when one group of people exert power overothers. 9. pairing: A common theme among community policing is that they are not relyingon coercive control - they are using tactics that shape appropriate behaviors and build "trust" by pleasant actions with police officers.In short, thisisthephilosophy of behaviorism.Community demographics do not need to determine thelevel of crime. For example, in Camden, NJ, 40% of residents live below the povertyline and unemployment is double the National average (Zernik